Intrinsic MotivationSpringer US, 1975/08/01 - 324 ページ As I begin to write this Preface, I feel a rush of excitement. I have now finished the book; my gestalt is coming into completion. Throughout the months that I have been writing this, I have, indeed, been intrinsically motivated. Now that it is finished I feel quite competent and self-determining (see Chapter 2). Whether or not those who read the book will perceive me that way is also a concern of mine (an extrinsic one), but it is a wholly separate issue from the intrinsic rewards I have been experiencing. This book presents a theoretical perspective. It reviews an enormous amount of research which establishes unequivocally that intrinsic motivation exists. Also considered herein are various approaches to the conceptualizing of intrinsic motivation. The book concentrates on the approach which has developed out of the work of Robert White (1959), namely, that intrinsically motivated behaviors are ones which a person engages in so that he may feel competent and self-determining in relation to his environment. The book then considers the development of intrinsic motiva tion, how behaviors are motivated intrinsically, how they relate to and how intrinsic motivation is extrinsically motivated behaviors, affected by extrinsic rewards and controls. It also considers how changes in intrinsic motivation relate to changes in attitudes, how people attribute motivation to each other, how the attribution process is motivated, and how the process of perceiving motivation (and other internal states) in oneself relates to perceiving them in others. |
目次
Intrinsic Motivation and Development | 65 |
The Intrinsic Motivation of Behavior | 93 |
Effects of Extrinsic | 129 |
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多く使われている語句
achievement motivation adaptation level approach arousal potential asserted assimilation attitude change behaviorists Berlyne Carlsmith cause central nervous system challenge Chapter child choice cognitive dissonance cognitive structures competence and self-determination concept considered contingent Deci differentiation hypothesis discrepancy engage environment environmental Equity theory example expectations experience experimenter exploration extrinsic rewards factors feedback feel competent feelings of competence goal hedonic Hence humans Hunt important inequity insufficient justification intention interaction internal intrinsically motivated behavior involves Kagan law of effect learning locus of causality locus of control Maddi Maslow McClelland need for feeling negative noncontingent notion observer one's optimal arousal optimal incongruity optimal level optimum organism outcomes output perceived locus performance person Piaget position potential satisfaction prediction primacy effects primary drives psychology puzzle question redintegration reinforcement relationship response secondary reinforcement seek self-actualization self-perception theory situations stimulus inputs subjects suggested task theory tion whereas