Achievement Motivation and Attribution Theory

ability and effort ability and task achievement groups achievement motivation achievement needs analysis analysis of variance ascribed attribution theory attributional bias behavior BERNARD WEINER causal ascriptions causal attributions causal judgments causal schemata causes of success cognitive cognitive psychology cues determinants difficult task easy task effort expenditure EVALUATIVE JUDGMENT expectancy of success expectancy shifts experiment experimental conditions external figure Frieze function given goal Heider HEINZ HECKHAUSEN high ability high achievers high effort high in achievement hypothesized indicates infer influence instructions intent interaction internal lack of effort Lanzetta locus of control low ability low achievers low effort low in achievement luck main effect moral judgments multiple sufficient negative perceived percent performance persons low pill positive present prior psychology reinforcement relationship resistance to extinction response Rotter score significant situations social norms stability success and failure success or failure sufficient schema task difficulty trials Value theory variable versus Weiner and Kukla