The more moderate of the insurgents waited upon Monmouth to offer terms, and obtained a promise that he would interpose with his Majesty on their behalf, on condition of their immediately dispersing themselves, and yielding up their arms. The extreme party, however, would accede to no terms with an uncovenanted king; and while they were debating on the Duke's proposal, his field-pieces were already planted on the eastern side of the river, to cover the attack of the foot-guards, who were led on by Lord Livingstone to force the bridge. "Here Hackston maintained his post with zeal and courage, nor was it until all his ammunition was expended, and every support denied him by the general, that he reluctantly abandoned the important pass. When his party were drawn back, the Duke's army, with their cannon in front, slowly defiled along the bridge, and formed in line of battle as they came over the river. The Duke commanded the foot, and Claverhouse the cavalry. It would seem that these movements could not have been performed without at least some loss, had the enemy been serious in opposing them. But the insurgents were otherwise employed. With the strangest delusion that ever fell upon devoted beings, they chose these precious moments to cashier their officers, and elect others in their room. In this important operation they were at length disturbed by the Duke's cannon, at the very first discharge of which, the horse of the Covenanters wheeled and rode off, breaking and trampling down the ranks of the infantry in their flight." Monmouth humanely issued orders to stop the effusion of blood, but Claverhouse, burning to avenge his defeat, and the death of his cornet and kinsman at Drumclog, made great slaughter among the fugitives, of whom 400 were slain. Many of the fugitives found shelter in the wooded parks around Hamilton Palace.* Great changes have now been made on the scene of the engagement. The gateway, gate, and house of the bridge-ward were long ago removed. The original breadth of the bridge was twelve feet; but, in 1826, twenty-two feet were added to its breadth, the hollow which once lay at the Hamilton extremity was filled up, and an alteration was also made in the road, at the other end. The open park in which the Covenanters were posted, is now changed into enclosed fields and plantations, and the moor upon which the royal army advanced to the engagement is now a cultivated and beautiful region. * See notes to the ballad of "The Battle of Bothwell Bridge," in the Border Minstrelsy. The reader may remember the spirited description given of this engagement in the novel of Old Mortality. The level grounds, which stretch from Bothwell Bridge along the north-east bank of the river, once formed the patrimonial estate of Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh, the assassin of the Regent Moray. The site of his house is within 100 yards of the present farm-house of Bothwellhaugh, and is marked by a very old gean tree (wild cherry). The estate was a "hawk's-flight" of land granted for valour to its first possessor. About a quarter of a mile east of the farm-house is an old Roman bridge over the Calder. A little further on are Bothwell village and church. In the manse Joanna Baillie was born; her father having been minister of this parish for many years. The old church, part of which is still standing, is the remains of an ancient Gothic fabric, cased with a thin coating of stone. Within its walls, the unfortunate Robert Duke of Rothesay, who was afterwards starved to death by his uncle the Duke of Albany in Falkland Palace, was married to a daughter of Archibald the Grim, Earl of Douglas. The picturesque ruins of Bothwell Castle* stand on the right bank of the Clyde, about a mile from the village of Bothwell. The building is a noble relic of Norman architecture, and consists of a large oblong quadrangle, flanked, towards the south, by two huge circular towers, and covering an area of 234 feet in length, and 99 feet in breadth. Some parts of the walls are 14 feet thick, and 60 feet in height. The fosse can still be traced, and so also may the flying buttresses and ramparts. The chapel in the east end is recognised by the shafted windows, or rather part of it, as the font, altar, stance, etc., are in the open space at the end. A circular dungeon, 24 feet by 12, called Wallace's Beef-barrel, is still shewn. Ivy, wild roses, and yellow wall-flower, adorn the walls, which have frequently been the subject of the painter's pencil. "The tufted grass lines Bothwell's ancient hall, The fox peeps cautious from the creviced wall, The Clyde here makes a beautiful sweep, and forms the semicircular declivity celebrated in Scottish song as Bothwell * Tourists are admitted by the principal gateway only on Tuesdays and Fridays, from 11 A.M. to 4 P.M., and they are expected to retire from the grounds before 6 o'clock. No admission on other days. Bank. A fog house on the river's brink affords the best view of the ruins. In the time of Sir William Wallace this ancient stronghold is said to have belonged to Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell, who with Lord William Douglas were the first noblemen to join the Scottish hero in the assertion of their country's independence, and .the last to forsake him after the failure of his patriotic attempt. After Murray's outlawry, his estate of Bothwell was forfeited, and conferred by Edward I. on Aylmer de Valence, second Earl of Pembroke, and commander of the English forces in Scotland. On the expulsion of the English, Bruce bestowed Bothwell Castle on his brotherin-law Andrew Murray, and through him it descended to Archibald the Grim, Earl of Douglas. After the forfeiture of the Douglasses in 1445, it was successively possessed by the Crichtons, John Ramsay, a favourite of James III., and the Hepburns, Earls of Bothwell. On the attainder of the infamous Earl of that name in the reign of Queen Mary, the castle at length reverted to the noble family of Douglas. It is now the property of the Countess of Home, to whom the extensive estates of the family descended in 1857, on the death of her uncle, James the fourth Baron Douglas, without issue. The modern residence is a plain mansion standing on a lawn near the old castle. It was built by the young Earl of Forfar, who was killed at the battle of Sheriffmuir. The priory on the other side of the river is the property of Lord Blantyre, but the ground is held in lease by the owner of Bothwell Castle. LANARK AND THE FALLS OF THE CLYDE. From Hamilton the tourist may reach Lanark by proceeding to the Motherwell Station of the Caledonian Railway, two miles distant, and there taking the train; or he may pursue the road up the river side. If he take the road, he crosses the Avon half a mile from Hamilton. About a mile and a half beyond this, the road strikes off the Carlisle highway, and gradually descends towards the margin of the river. THE ORCHARD OF SCOTLAND. 66 387 On the opposite bank of the Clyde is Dalziel House (Hamilton, Esq.), surrounded by woods. A mile and a half onwards to the left is Cambusnethan (J. S. Lockhart, Esq.), a modern mansion, ornamented with pinnacles and tabernacle work, and seated on a lawn, shaded by lime and chestnut trees. This district, which has earned the name of "The Orchard of Scotland," or "The Fruit Lands," presents one uninterrupted series of grove, garden, and orchard- a billowy ocean of foliage, waving under the summer wind, and glowing under the summer sun." Nearly six miles from Hamilton, the Edinburgh road to Ayr crosses the Clyde at Garrion Bridge, which derives its name from a seat of Lord Belhaven's, in the immediate vicinity, and a short way on is the village of Dalserf, celebrated for its orchards. On the left is Dalserf House (James Campbell), and on the right, Millburn House. On the opposite bank of the river is Brownlee (Harvie, Esq.), and farther up the Clyde, the stately mansion of Maldslie Castle (James Hozier, Esq.), formerly the seat of the Earls of Hyndford. A little farther on are Milton-Lockhart (Lockhart, Esq.), standing on a promontory surrounded by sloping banks and gardens; and Waygateshaw (Steel, Esq.), the scene of some of the acts charged against Major Weir and his sister, condemned for witchcraft in the seventeenth century. About three miles beyond Dalserf, the tourist crosses the river Nethan, and on the right, a mile from its junction with the Clyde, are the extensive ruins of the castle of Craignethan or Draphane, situated on a promontory high above the former stream, and well known as the prototype of the "Tillietudlem Castle” of “Old Mortality." It was built in the reign of James V. by Sir James Hamilton, called the Bastard of Arran, —a man noted for his sanguinary character, who fell a victim to the rancour of party strife shortly after the castle was built, -and it has long remained the property of the Douglas family. A short way beyond, on the north bank of the river, is Carfin House (Anderson, Esq.), and soon after having passed the village of Hazelbank we enter the plantations of Stonebyres (Colonel Douglas). The channel of the river now becomes rugged and confined, and the banks more precipitous, while the noise of the waterfall is more or less distinctly heard. In a short time, |