203 J315 1848

V. I

C. 2

HARVARD FINE ARTS

OCT 6 1877 77*1

LONDON: SPOTTISWOODE and SHAW, New-street-Square.

CONTENTS

OF

THE FIRST VOLUME.

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION

I. Of the Origin and general Significance of the Le-

gends represented in Art

Page xi

II. Of the Distinction to be drawn between Devotional

and Historical Subjects

III. Of certain Emblems and Attributes of general Appli-

cation

IV. Of the Significance of Colours. Conclusion

OF ANGELS AND ARCHANGELS.

XV

XV

xxiv

xxxiii

xliv

OF ANGELS. Antiquity of the Belief in Angels. Early Notions respect-

ing them. How represented in the Old Testament. In the New

Testament. Angelic Hierarchies. The Nine Choirs. Seraphim, Che-

rubim. General Characteristics in Painting. Infant Angels. Wings.

Angels of Dante. Angels as Messengers, Choristers, Guardians. As

Ministers of Wrath. As Agents in the Creation. Angels in the

New Testament. Manner in which the Principal Painters have set

forth the Angelic Forms and Attributes

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Page 1

THE ARCHANGELS. The Seven Archangels. The Four Archangels.

The Three Archangels

52

The earliest Types: as Four Books; as Four Rivers; as the Four Mys-

terious Animals; the Human and Animal Forms combined; with

Wings; as Men

- 98

A 2

ST. MATTHEW. His Legend. His Attributes. Pictures from his Life,

not common

Page 110

ST. MARK. His Legend. Devotional Pictures: as Evangelist; as the

Disciple of Peter; as the Patron Saint of Venice.

Fisherman. The Legend of the Christian Slave.

the Body of St. Mark

The Legend of the

The Translation of

- 115

Attributes: as Evan-

- 122

ST. LUKE. His Legend. Devotional Figures.

gelist and Painter. St. Luke painting the Virgin

ST. JOHN. His Legend. Devotional Pictures: as Evangelist; as

Apostle; as Prophet. Subjects from his Life: Legend of St. John

and the Robber; of the Two Young Men; of Drusiana; of the Hunts-

men and the Partridge. The Martyrdom of St. John. Legend of the

Death of St. John. Legend of Galla Placidia. Of King Edward the

Confessor

The Six Writers of the Canonical Epistles, as a series

THE TWELVE APOSTLES.

- 126

- 143

-

Ancient Types: as Twelve Sheep; as Twelve Doves; as Twelve Men.

How grouped in Ecclesiastical Decoration. In the Old Mosaics;

their proper Place. Examples from various Painters. Historical

Subjects relating to the Twelve Apostles: the Pentecost; the Separa-

tion of the Twelve Apostles to preach the Gospel; the Twelve Bap-

tisms; the Twelve Martyrdoms

144

ST. PETER and ST. PAUL. The Ancient Greek Types. Examples of

the early Treatment of these two Apostles: in the Old Mosaics; in

early Sculpture; in Pictures. Attributes peculiar to St. Peter: as

Apostle and Patron Saint; as the Head and Founder of the Roman

Church; St. Peter as Pope. Subjects from the Scriptural Life of St.

Peter. Legendary Stories connected with St. Peter. The Legend of

Simon Magus; of the "Domine quo Vadis?" of Processus and Mar-

tinian. The Martyrdom of St. Peter. St. Peter as Keeper of the

Gates of Paradise. The Legend of St. Petronilla. The Life of St.

Peter in a Series of Subjects

- 166

ST. PAUL. Earliest Type. Attributes of St. Paul: the Sword. Sub-

jects from his Life. Stoning of Stephen. Conversion of St. Paul

The Vision of St. Paul. Miracles of St. Paul. His Martyrdom. The

Legend of Plautilla. The Life of St. Paul in a Series of Subjects 187

ST. ANDREW. The Legend. Attributes. Historical Subjects from the

Life of St. Andrew. Flagellation. Adoration of the Cross. Martyr-

dom as represented by Guido, Domenichino, and Murillo

ST. JAMES MAJOR. Story and Character as represented in Scripture.
St. James as Patron of Spain. The Legend of Santiago. The Battle
of Clavijo. The Pilgrims of Compostella. The Devotional Figures

-

203

and Attributes of St. James as Apostle. As Tutelar Saint of Spain.

Pictures from his Legend

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-

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Page 207

Devotional

Distinction

- 219

ST. PHILIP. The Legend of the Idol and the Serpent.
Pictures and Attributes. Subjects from his Legend.
between St. Philip the Apostle and St. Philip the Deacon

ST. BARTHOLOMEW. The Legend. The Attributes. Martyrdom. 222

ST. THOMAS. Origin of his peculiar Attribute. The Legend of King

Gondoforus. The Incredulity of St. Thomas. The Legend of the

"Madonna della Cintola." Martyrdom of St. Thomas

-

224

ST. JAMES MINOR. First Bishop of Jerusalem. Attributes. Resem-

blance to Christ. Subjects from his Life. Martyrdom. Frescoes at

Padua

229

ST. SIMON AND ST. JUDE. Legend and Attributes. Represented as
Children

Attributes

-

-

231

- 233

234

ST. MATTHIAS.

JUDAS ISCARIOT. Scriptural Character. Legends relating to him; how
represented in various Subjects

THE LAST SUPPER. Its Importance as a Sacred Subject. Devotional

when it represents the Institution of the Eucharist. Historical when

it represents the Detection of Judas. Various Examples. Giotto.

Duccio of Siena. Angelico da Fiesole. Luca Signorelli. Ghirlandajo.

Albert Dürer. Lionardo da Vinci. Raphael. Andrea del Sarto.

Titian. Poussin. Faults and Mistakes committed by Painters in

representing the Last Supper

-

241

ST. BARNABAS. His Legend. Popular at Venice as Kinsman of St.
Mark. Represented with the Gospel of St. Matthew

THE DOCTORS OF THE CHURCH.

THE FOUR LATIN FATHERS. Their particular Attributes. Their proper

Place in Ecclesiastical Decoration. Subjects in which they are intro-

duced together

- 263

ST. JEROME. History and Character. Influence over the Roman Women.

Origin of his Attributes. Legend of the Wounded Lion. Devotional

Figures of St. Jerome; as Patron Saint; as Translator of the Scrip-

tures; as Penitent. Subjects from the Life of St. Jerome. The Com-

munion of St. Jerome

- 269

ST. AMBROSE. Story and Character of St. Ambrose. The Emperor

Theodosius. The Discovery of the Martyrs St. Protasius and St. Ger-

vasius. Legends relating to St. Ambrose. The Prefect Macedonius.

The Nobleman of Tuscany. Devotional Figures of St. Ambrose. His

peculiar Attributes. His Church at Milan; his Life as represented

on the Altar. Statue of St. Ambrose

284

ST. AUGUSTINE. Character of St. Augustine. His Shrine at Pavia, and

Basso-relievos representing his Life. Devotional Figures of St. Au-

gustine. Represented with his Mother Monica. Various Subjects

from his Life. The Vision of St. Augustine

Page 293

ST. GREGORY. His Story and Character. His Popularity. Legends

connected with his Life. Origin of his Attribute, the Dove. The

Supper of St. Gregory. The Mass of St. Gregory. The Miracle of

the Brandeum. St. Gregory releases the Soul of the Emperor Trajan.

The Legend as represented in Pictures. The Legend of the Monk.

St. Gregory's Doctrine of Purgatory. How represented

300

THE FOUR GREEK FATHERS. How represented in the Greek Pictures,
and by the Latin Artists
ST. JOHN CHRYSOSTOM. Singular Legends with regard to him. The
Penance of St. Chrysostom. As represented in the German Prints.
By Lucas Cranach. By Beham. By Albert Dürer
ST. BASIL THE GREAT. His Character. How represented. Story of the
Emperor Valens. Legends which refer to St. Basil

ST. ATHANASIUS.

Art

-

How represented. Unpopular as

310

312

323

a Subject of

327

ST. GREGORY NAZIANZEN. His History and Character. His Celebrity

as a Poet. Beautiful Miniatures relative to his Life

ST. CYRIL. How represented

328

· 331

ST. MARY MAGDALENE, ST. MARTHA, ST. LAZARUS, ST.

MAXIMIN, ST. MARCELLA, ST. MARY OF EGYPT, AND

THE BEATIFIED PENITENTS.

Character of Mary Magdalene. Disputes concerning her Identity. The

popular and scriptural Legend. The old Provençal Legend. The

devotional Representations; as Patron Saint; as Penitent. Sacred

Subjects in which she is introduced. Legendary Subjects. La Danse

de la Madeleine. The Assumption of the Magdalene. The Legend of

the Mother and Child. Her Life in a Series of Subjects. Legends of

Mary Magdalene and St. John the Evangelist

332

ST. MARTHA. Her Character. Legends of St. Martha. How repre-

sented. Where introduced. St. Lazarus

374

ST. MARY OF EGYPT. The Legend. Distinction between St. Mary of

Egypt and Mary Magdalene. Proper Attributes of Mary of Egypt.

Stories and Pictures from her Life

377

Mary the PENITENT, not to be confounded with Mary of Egypt. Her

Story. Landscapes of Philip de Champaigne. St. Thais. St. Pe-

lagia

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383