not wish any one to know of it. He assigned no reason for the act he had committed. On a future visit he found him talking about visionary sufferings. Examined by the Court.-Had been in practice sixteen years, and had had from ten to twenty patients of the same kind as the prisoner since the commencement of business. In the full conviction of the prisoner's insanity, he cautioned the people of the house in which he lodged, and recommended bis removal to the York Hospital.

Mrs King proved that the prisoner lodged at her house in Pimlico, for three weeks, in April, 1816. During the time he lived with her, she was led to think he was perfectly insane, and she formed that opinion from his manner and conversation, but more from the former than the latter. The prisoner afterwards went to York Hospital, but she did not know how long he remained there. Witness could never do any thing to please him, and she had no doubt he was insane. At times he would prefer her servants at tending upon him, and sometimes witness. He very frequently gave contradictory orders as to his diet.

S. Maud, who lived at Pimlico, proved, that in November, 1815, the prisoner lodged with him, having just arrived from abroad. The prisoner remained about five months in his house. During the time the prisoner was in the house, from his conduct and conversation, he had no doubt, from the very first day, that the prisoner laboured under a mental derangement. On the first day, he admired some bamboo chairs like a child. He said he would go to bed, and take his dinner in bed. On another occasion he sent witness to an optician's to fetch a loadstone which he had bought, he said, for 158. When he got to the shop, witness found the loadstone came to five guineas. When the prisoner had got possession of the stone, he asked

witness whether it would draw his hat off the table. There were some passages near witness's house, and the prisoner asked whether the stone would draw the people through the wall. At another time the prisoner wanted to make stars with the loadstone, and asked witness if it were possible. He was sometimes affectionate, and sometimes would treat witness with the greatest contempt. The prisoner sent for a lawyer to draw up a statement to the Duke of York, but the lawyer could make nothing of it. The conclusion of witness's mind was that the prisoner was deranged, although not outrageous. The prisoner left his house at witness's desire.

George Vicary lived at 33, George Street, Chelsea. The prisoner lodged at his house, and came in April, 1817; he remained there until the present occurrence. The prisoner was very irascible; and at one time he was in a very great rage because his daughter had not carried a tea-spoon up. Witness thought he had something particular on his mind. In general he was very civil, but was at times in a great rage.

Mr Box, a surgeon, considered the prisoner on certain points in an insane state of mind, and he had seen him almost every day. He was particularly insane on the point of his regiment. He frequently made use of this expression that he was borne down by the oppressive hand of the Almighty. On the point of religion he was also deranged. He had no doubt but the derangement was unfeigned.

The Rev. Salisbury Cotton, the Ordinary of Newgate, had had frequent opportunities of seeing the pri soner, and believed that upon certain points he was insane. He thought incorrectly of this crime of which he had been guilty. He always kept himself aloof from all other prisoners, and said that he was urged by the spirit of God to commit this act. The prisoner

was a Fatalist, and considered himself impelled by an irresistible power.

Mr Brown, the keeper of Newgate, proved that the prisoner was insane when he entered Newgate on the 18th of April last.

Mr Justice Bayley summed up the evidence to the Jury at considerable length.

The Jury having retired for about a quarter of an hour, returned a verdict of Not Guilty, on the ground of insanity.

The prisoner, during the whole of the trial, which occupied nearly six hours, conducted himself with great propriety and calmness.

JACOB HINCHCLIFFE AND JOSEPH BAKER, FOR RIOTING TO RAISE THE RATE OF Wages.

Cheshire Assizes, August, 31.

Jacob Hinchcliffe was indicted for having on the 14th July, and on divers other days, at Stockport, unlawfully, &c., endeavoured to raise and create insurrections, riots, and tumults, for the disturbing the king's peace, &c., and for having unlawfully, wickedly, and maliciously, incited divers inhabitants of Stockport and neighbourhood, unlawfully, riotously, and tumultuously, to assemble, to disturb the peace, &c. The second count charged the defendant with unlawfully, maliciously, &c., intending again to disturb the peace, &c., and to cause other insurrections, &c. Two other counts charged the offence in different ways.

Mr Thomas Gartside, examined by Mr Cross. I have a factory at Stockport, for the purpose of weaving by machinery. I have nearly 300 hands, including spinners and weavers ; only one part, however, are in employ. On the 13th July, about 36 quitted the factory, but two or three remained. I

had then sent to Burton on Trent, as they had given me a week's notice of their intention to leave me-they said they would leave me if their wages were not advanced. They did not come to me to signify their intention in a body, but one after another in rapid succession. I brought six girls from Burton to work for me in the factory, where they still are. I found them a place of abode, but they were much abused there by the mob, and I got them other lodgings in the factory. I durst not have taken them out of the factory, for I found it difficult to use sufficient precaution for their protection. They were abused in the streets, and cruelly treated by the mob. On Tuesday, the 14th July, the six girls from Burton arrived by the coach, about four or five o'clock in the evening. My man took them to his own house. A mob afterwards collected there, and at the factory. This was between five and six o'clock. There were hundreds and thousands assembled. They surrounded the factory. At this time my carter came down the street with a load of cotton; and I soon afterwards heard they were beating him. I ran to his assistance, and found Hinchcliffe had hold of him; they were scrambling together; I seized Hinchcliffe by the collar, and took him away. He cursed and swore violently, threatening to beat the carter. The riot continued till midnight, and the mob threw stones at the girls through the windows. The whole mass was in motion, and Hinchcliffe was amongst them. On the next evening, the 15th July, at the request of the magistrates, I took the girls to a lodging-house. I was in the factory. The mob began to kick at the house door in which were the girls. I sent two men to try to keep them off. The house is in a back street, which was quite filled with people. Hinchcliffe came down the street, with the others,

in procession, with a chair, carried by men, and a blind fiddler. There was no one in the chair, and the causeway was very narrow. They made a circle before me, including me in it. Hinchcliffe had a stick, and assisted in forming the ring. The cotton girls then sung a song, which they call the" Knob-stick" song, intended to ridicule those who are not what they call fair workmen, that is, those who work at the customary prices, and do not quit their masters' employ. It was in derision of those who continued at work that this song was sung. Hinchcliffe was very busy amongst them. After the song was finished, they began to throw stones at me. I stood pretty high in the street, and several of the stones flung at me broke the windows over my head. My own men were much abused and kicked. They then shoved me against the wall, and when it grew dark, I escaped with great difficulty from them. They got hold of my collar to throw me down, and when my back was turned, they struck me with their fists. A man threw a large stone at me, which compelled him to use both hands, but being quite close to me, it did not materially hurt me. When I got in the main-street, being a special constable, I pulled out my staff, kept the mob back, and cleared the way. I took refuge in a shop, the windows of which they broke, and I remained there till the magistrates fetched me away. I saw one of the cavalry thrown from his horse, and much abused. The stones were fetched from a distance by the boys, and placed in the streets for the use of the men. Whenever a gentle man or a soldier appeared, vollies of stones were discharged. I heard them say, "D-n him, we've done for him;" they said they would pull the house

down unless I was delivered up. They were told I had escaped the back way, when they exclaimed, "We've finished him; he won't watch his factory tonight again." I had been obliged to watch the factory several nights. I saw Hinchcliffe arranging the people; he was in the ring; no one took a more active part than him; he was present when Mr Harrison, the magistrate, read the Riot Act.* When the mob were opposite the cottage where the Burton girls lived, they broke the window-shutters, forced open the windows and doors, and were upon the point of entering the house, when the cavalry came up. I had placed four men in the house for their protection, one of whom gallantly run away, and the rest were saying their prayers, expecting to be murdered, when Mr Howarth's cavalry arrived. The girls were screaming in the house all the time. These outrages were renewed again on the Thursday. On the Wednesday evening, some of them said, " Mr Harrison's a gentleman, as he had promised that he (witness) should send back the girls in the morning." They then gave him three huzzas! I do not believe, however, that Mr Harrison had made any such promise. On the 16th, the mob assembled to attack the girls going to work, but I had before taken them to the factory. There were some hundreds there by five o'clock, but I did not see defendant there; I was obliged to stop the factory, one of the girls being hurt when at work by a stone, and the others run away from their looms. At noon I saw the prisoner; about one o'clock he was haranguing the people. I heard him mention my name: he said, “ D—n Gartside; he stopt me on Tuesday night, but I'll pay him off yet." I

went up to him and said, "How dare you say so, you villain !" As I passed him, three stones were thrown at me. When I got to the factory, I found the mob just breaking into the factory yard. The defendant was not more than six yards from me. They saw me, and went back again. They threw stones at the factory, and did not disperse till they had broken all the win dows. The 13th dragoons then came up. The mob said they would burn the factory down that day, if the girls were not sent off by nine o'clock. On Friday, the 4th day, the 17th July, a great number again collected about dinner-time. The soldiers were much abused, and stones were thrown at them and the constables. A young man was knocked down close to me: he was struck on the head with a stone, and was delirious a night or two. I met the defendant, and cautioned him; telling him he had behaved very ill; that I had remarked his conduct, and I should notice it. He said, "You are a d-d lying rascal; I never brought a fiddler!" He went away, threatening me violently. I had given the mob no offence whatever-indeed I was rather a favourite with the men; they said I was the best master in town; and my hands would not leave me, but they said they were intimida ted, and dared not stop. I told the girls, if they left me, I would get fresh hands, and never employ them again. Cross-examined by Mr Williams.I had frequently seen the defendant before the disturbance: he is a dyer, and lives in Heaton Norris, I believe. On the Tuesday, I saw him. I cannot tell why he seized the carter; nor did I hear him say it was for driving negligently. The cart certainly did go sooner away on account of the crowd, and the first horse was a fine spirited animal. The cart was drawn up opposite the window of the factory, as it was loaded high, so that no one could

see inside that part of the building. I saw the defendant at night; he was among the rest, making a noise. I did not see him throw any stone. The chair was brought down between 8 and 9 o'clock. I was alone most part of the time. I had sent for assistance, but no one durst come. I was not se riously hurt; but I was completely in the power of the mob. They always attacked me covertly; and attempted to throw me down several times. I stood on the curb-stone of the foot. road; and when they came towards me, I pushed those next to me, they pushed the others behind, and away they went down together. Great num. bers were on the floor at once. I did not cause Hinchcliffe to be apprehended till the week after the disturbance

about eight days, perhaps. I had no inclination to seize any of the mob, had the disturbance ceased. I asked his master his (defendant's) name: he said, Jacob Hinchcliffe, and that he was at work regularly. The dyers, as a body, have not struck. I will swear to defendant's person, I saw him so repeatedly.

To questions by the Court.-At this time girls were getting from 12s. to 15s. a-week; that is, those from 12 to 14 years old the looms are worked by steam. The wages may vary as to stoppages. The weavers would have 1s. a-cut more, which is half as much again as the wages they had. We gave them 28. a-cut, and they wanted 3s. I had six young men working at the looms, but it is not a man's work. Many men at three looms will get 27s. a-week! There was an amazing number of women and children in the mob.

Anna Pemberton, examined by Mr Attorney General.-I saw the mob at Mr Gartside's mill, on the 15th July, about eight o'clock in the evening. The Burton girls lived next to me; there was only the street between them and the factory. I saw a great crowd

there. They were opposite to me; the prisoner snatched a small whip, and made a ring for the fiddler. I saw no stones then thrown. My husband was very ill used. The house where the Burton girls were, was much injured; the windows were broken, and the shutters destroyed. I know Hinchcliffe very well; he was the man who made a ring for the fiddler.

Cross-examined by Mr Williams.It was half-an-hour after the fiddler was gone, that the riot began. I can. not tell who threw the stones. The mob sung a song about the "Poor little Sweep," and at the end of it there was something about "The Knob Stick."

John Thomson, examined by Mr Cross. I saw the riot on the 15th, and the windows broken. I am a machine maker. I was coming up when the cavalry came. I was sent to fetch them; the mob were just breaking into the Girls' Cottage. I saw the defendant there, when they had broken the windows in. They were pushing one among the other in the front of the house where the girls were. The defendant was about six yards from the house. There was a very great crowd, but I noticed him, for I knew him before. I saw the prisoner present at the riot on Thursday, a little before one o'clock; he was talking with Mr Gartside, and put his hand before his face. The defendant was talking hard then, and I heard him call Mr Gartside a d-d rascal.

Cross-examined by Mr Williams.They were pushing amongst the crowd, but I saw him do nothing else. I did not see him throw any stones.

The above evidence was further confirmed by the depositions of the carter and overseer of the works.

Mr Williams addressed the Jury in defence of the prisoner, and called his master to prove, that he was a steady, good workman, but that at the time

of the riots, he was a little more absent than usual, though he worked every day during them.

The Chief Justice then summed up the whole of the evidence to the Jury, saying, among other things, "You find this lawless mob proceeding to break into a house where some unpro. tected females had fled for succour and shelter. God knows, gentlemen, what might have been the result had they succeeded in their attempts; the defenceless inmates were shrieking and calling for assistance, whilst the men who were in the house were upon their knees, imploring the protection of Heaven! The object of the mob is clearly defined; it was to compel Mr Gartside to discharge his servants, and intimidate them from working. The system, then, is seen confined not to the place in which it originates, but spreading amongst all classes of manufacturers; one common spirit predominates; and the defendant, a dyer, without any possible cause assigned, is seen co-operating with the others, to compel the masters to accede to their demands. Gentlemen, it is impossible to look without apprehension at the consequences which may result from these conspiracies, if they be not speedily stopped. An alarming riot has taken place, which might have terminated in fatal consequences, if the aid of the military had not been called in. Stones are brought from a distance by boys, for the men, to assist in the work of mischief; there is an union amongst the whole of the manufacturers, which is preserved by all.”

The Jury immediately found the prisoner guilty.

Joseph Baker was also found guilty of having committed the same offence, but to a much less degree of criminality.

The Chief Justice, in passing sen. tence, addressed the prisoners, and ob