men was universally extolled; but it required years of Another Prussian officer was lodged at the liouse exertion and severity before Lord Wellington brought of Marshal Ney, in whose stables and coach house he the British army to its present state of discipline. The found a great number of borses and carriages. He moral discipline of an army has never perhaps been un- immediately ordered some Prussian soldiers, who acderstood by any General except the great Gustavus. companied him, to take away nine of the horses and Even in its best state, with all the alleviations of cour three of the carriages. Ney's servants violently retesy and honour, with all the correctives of morality monstrated against this proceeding, on which the and religion, war is so great an evil, that to engage in Prussian Officer observed, they are my property, it without a clear necessity is a crime of the blackestinasmuch as your master took the same number of dye. When the necessity is clear, (and such, assuredly, horses and carriages from me when he entered Berlin I hold it to have been in our struggle with Buonaparte,) with the French army.» I think you will agree with it then becomes a crine to shrink from it.

me, that the lex talionis was never more properly nor What I have said of the Prussians relates solely to more justly resorted to. their conduct in an allied country; and I must also say

Note 21, page 533, col. 1. that the Prussian officers with whom I had the good fortune to associate, were men who in every respect did

The Martyr. honour to their profession and to their country. But Sir Thomas Brown writes upon this subject with his that the general conduct of their troops in Belgium had usual feeling. excited a strong feeling of disgust and indignation we « We applaud 10t,» says lie, « the judgment of Mahad abundant and indisputable testimouy. Jn France chiavel, that Christianity makes men cowards, or that, they had old wrongs to revenge, --and forgiveness of in- with the confidence of but half dying, the despised : juries is not among the virtues which are taught in virtues of patience and lumility have abased the spirits camps. The annexed avecdotes are reprinied from one of men, whicla Pagan principles exalted; but rather of our newspapers, and ought to be preserved.

regulated the wildness of audacities in the attempts. A Prussian Oflicer, on his arrival at Paris, particu- grounds, and eternal sequels of death, wherein men of Jarly requested to be billetted on the house of a lady the boldest spirit are often prodigiously temerarious. inhabiting the Faubourg St Germain. His request was

Nor can we extenuate the valour of ancient martyrs, complied with, and on his arriving at the lady's hotel who contemned death in the uncomfortable scene of he was shown into a small but comfortable sitting their lives, and in their decrepit martyrdoms did proroom,

with a handsome bedchamber adjoining is. With bably lose not many months of their days, or parted thesc rooms he appeared 'greatly dissatisfied, and de- with life when it was scarce worth living. For (beside sired that the lady should give up to him ber apart that long time past holds no consideration unto a ment, (on the first floor) which was very spacious, and slender time to come) they had no small disadvantage very clegantly furnished. To this the lady made the from the constitution of old age, whicli naturally makes strongest objections ; but the Officer insisted, and slie men fearful, and complexionally superannuated from was under the necessity of retiring to the second floor. the bold and courageous thoughts of youth and fervent He afterwards sent a message to her by one of her ser- years. But the contempt of death from corporal anivants, saying that lie destined the second floor for his rosily promotetlı not our felicity. They may sit in Aide-de-Camp, ctc. etc. This occasioned more violent the Orchestra and noblest seats of Heaven, who have remoustrances from the lady, but thicy were totally un- bield up shaking hands in the fire, and humanly conavailing, and unattended to by the Officer, whose ouly tended for glory.» Hydriotaphia, 17. answer was, « obéissez à mes ordres.» Ile then called

Note 22, page 535, col. 1. for the cook, and told him he must prepare a handsome

In purple and in scarlet clad, bebold dinner for six persons, and desired the lady's butler 10

Tbe llarlou sils, adorned with gems and gold. take care that the best wines the cellar contained should

The homely but scriptural appellation by which our be forthcoming. After dinner he desired the hostess should be scut for ;-she obeyed the summous.

fathers were wont to designate the Church of Rome has The

I have Officer then addressed lier, and said, « No doubt, Na- been delicately softened down by later writers.

seen her some where called the Scarlet Woman,-and dam, but you consider my conduct as indecorous and brutal in the extreme.» al must confess,» replied she, Helen Maria Williams names her the Dissolute of Ba

bylon. u that I did not expect such treatment from an officer;

Let me here offer a suggestion in defence of Voltaire. as, in general, military men are ever disposed to show

Is it not probable, or rather can any person doubt, that every degreee of deference and respect to our sex.» « You think me then a most perfect barbarian? answer

the écrasez l'infame, upon which so horrible a charge me frankly.» « If you really, then, desire my undis against bim has been raised, refers to the Church of guised opinion of the subjeci, I must say, that I think Rome, under this well-known desiguation? No man your conduct truly barbarous.» Madam, I am entirely

can hold the principles of Voltaire in stronger abhorof your opinion; but I only wislied to give you a speci

rence than I do,—but it is an act of justice to exculpate

him from this monstrous accusation. men of the behaviour and conduct of

your sou, during six months that he resided in iny house, after the entry

Note 23, page 536, col. 1. of the French army into the Prussiau capital. I do not,

For till the sons their fathers' crimes repent, however, mean to follow a bad example. You will re

The old error brings its direful punishment. sume, therefore, your apartment 10-morrow, and I will « Political chimeras,» says Count Stolberg, «are inseek lodgings at some public hotel.» The Jady then numerable; but the most chimerical of all is the project retired, extolling the generous couduct of the Prussian of imagining that a people deeply sunk in degeneracy officer, 2od deprecating that of her son.

are capable of recovering the ancient grandeur of

(

freedom. Whio fosses the bird into the air after his wings Thinking ibe strong should keep the weak in awe, are clipped: So far from restoring it to the power of

And every inequality give law. flight, it will but disable it more.»--- Travels, 3, 139.

62.

These serve the world to rule her by ber arts,
Note 24, page 536, col. 2.

Raise mortal trophies upon mortal passion ;
The lark

Their wealth, strength, glory, growing from those bearts
Poured forth her lyric strain.

Which to their ends they ruin and disfashion ;

The more remote from God the less remorse : The epithet lyric, as applied to the lark, is borrowed

Which still gives Honour power, Occasion force. from one of Donne's poems. I mention this more particularly for the purpose of repairing an accidental

63. omission in the notes to Roderick ;-it is the duty of

These make the Sword their judge of wrong; and right,

Their story Fame, their laws but Power and Wit; every poet to acknowledge all his obligations of this

Their endless mine all vanities of Might, kind to his predecessors.

Rewards and Pains the mystery of it;

And in this sphere, ilıis wilderness of evils,
Note 25, page 538, col. 2.

None prosper higbly but the perfect Devils.
Public crimes

A Treatise of Warres.
Draw on their proper punishment below.

Note 26, page 538, col. 2. I will insert here a passage from one of Lord Brooke's poems. Few writers have ever given proofs of profounder

They bad the ligbt, and from the light they turned. thought than this friend of Sir Philip Sidney. Had his

« Let no ignorance,» says Lord Brooke, « seem to expowers of language been equal to his strength of in-cuse mankind; since the light of truth is still near us, tel I scarcely know the author whom he would not the templer and accuser at such continual war within have surpassed.

us, the laws that guide so good for them that obey, and

the first shape of every sin so ugly, as whosoever does Some love no equals, some superiors scorn,

but what he knows, or forbears what he doubts, shall One secks more worlds, and this will llelen bave;

easily follow nature unto grace.» This covets gold, with divers faces borne,

«God left not the world without information from These bumours reign, and lead men to their grave;

the beginning; so that wherever we find ignorance, it Whereby for bayes and little wages, we Ruin ourselves to raise up tyranny.

must be charged to the account of man, as having rejected, and not to that of his Maker, as having denied,

the necessary means of instruction.»—Ilonne's ConsideAnd as when winds among themselves do jar, Seas there are tost, and wave with wave must fight;

rations on the Life of St John the Baptist. So when power's restless humours bring forth War,

Note 27, page 539, col.
There people bear the faults and wounds of Might;
The error and diseases of the head

Napoleon.
Descending still until the limbs be dead.

It is amusing to look back upon the flattery which 23.

was offered to Buonaparte. Some poems of Mme launy Yet are not people's errors ever free

de Beauharnois exhibit rich specimens of this kind : From guilt of wounds they saffer by the war :

she praises him for Nerer did any public misery Rise of irself: God's plagues still grounded are

la douce humanité On common stains of our bumanity;

Qui le dévore de sa flamme.
And to the flame which ruinoth mankind
Mian gives the matter, or at least gives wind.

Of the battle of Austerlitz she says,
A 7'reatise of Warres.

Dans ce jour mémorable on dut finir la guerre,
The extract which follows, from the same author,

El que nommeront maints auteurs bears as directly upon the effects of the military system

La Trinité de, Empereurs,

Vous seul en etes le mystère. as if it had been written with a reference to Buonaparte's government. The thoughtful reader will perceive Subsequent events give to some of these adulatory its intrinsic value, through its difficult language and strains an interest which they would else have wanted. uncouth versification :- the fool and the coxcomb may

Napoléon, objet de nos hommages, scoff if they like.

Et Josephine, objet non moins ainue, 59.

Couple que l'Eternel l'un pour l'autre a forme,

Vous êtes ses plus beaux ouvrages.
Let us tben thus conclude, that only they
Whose end in this world is tbe world to come,

In some stanzas called Les Trois Bateaux, upon the
Whose bearts' desire is that their desires may
Measure themselves by Truth's eternal doom,

vessels in which Alexander and Buonaparte held their Can in the War find nothing that they prize,

conferences before the Peace of Tilsit, the following Who in the world would not be great or wise.

prophecy is introduced, with a felicity worthy of the 6o.

Edinburgh Review :
With these, I say, War, Conquest, Honour, Fame,

Tremble, tremble, fière Albion !
Stand (as the world) neglected or forsaken,

Guida pird'heureuses étoiles,
Like Error's cobwebs, in whoso curious frame

Ces généreux bateaux, exempts d'ambition,
Sbe only joys and mouras, takes a od is taken ;

Vont triompher par tout de tes cent mille voiles.
In which these dying, that to God live ibus,
Endure our conquests, would not conquer us.

The Grand Napoleon is the
61.

Enfaut chéri de Mars et d'Apollon,
Where all states else that stand on power, not grace,

Qu'aucun revers ne peut abattre.
And cage desire by no such spiritual measure,
Make it their end to reign in every place,

llere follows part of an Arabic poem by Michael SalTo war for honour, for revenge, and pleasure;

bag, addressed to Buonaparte on liis marriage with Ma

rie Louise, and printed with translations in French prose auswer between Pasquin and Marforio. Pasquin inand German verse, in the first volume of the Fundgru- quires, Mais qu'est ce qui est devenu donc de la Liben des Orients.

berté?—Heyday, what is become of Liberty then ?« August Prince, whom Ileaven las given us for Sove- 1 To which Marforio replies, bête! elle est morte en s'acreign, and who holdest among the greatest monarchs couchant d'un Empereur.- Blocklead! she is dead in of thiy age the same rank which the diadem holds upon bringing forth an Emperor.»-Miss Plumptre's Narrathe head of Kings,

live, 2, 382. « Thou hast reached the summit of happiness, and Well

may the lines of Pindar respecting Tantalus be by thine invincible courage hast attained a glory which applied to Buonaparte. the mind of man can scarcely comprehend.

Ει δε δή τιν' άν« Thou hast imprinted upon the front of time the re

δρα θνατόν 'Ολύμπου σκοποί ετίμαmembrance of thine innumerable exploits in characters of light, one of which alone suffices with its brilliant

σαν, ήν Τάνταλος ούτος. Αλλά γαρ καταrays to enlighten the whole universe.

πέψαι μέγαν όλβον ουκ έου« Who can resist him who is never abandoned by the

νάσθη κόρη δ' ελεν assistance of Heaven, who has Victory for his guide, and

Αταν υπεροπλον. . whose course is directed by God himself?

PINDAR, Ol. 1. « In every age Fortune produces a hero who is the

« Nam se dere accusar a Fortuna de cega, mas só aos pearl of his time; amidst all these extraordinary men

que
della se deixam cegar.»

It is not Fortune, says D. thou shinese like an inestimable diamond in a necklace

Luiz da Cunha, who ought to be accused of blindness, of precious stones. « The least of thy subjects, in whatever country lie

but they who let themselves be blinded by her.- Memo

rias desde 1659 athé 1706. MSS. may be, is the object of universal homage, and enjoys

Lieutenant Bowerbank, in his Journal of what passed thy glory, the splendour of which is retlected upon him.

on board the Bellerophon, has applied a passage from « All virtues are united in thee, but the justice which

Horace to the same effect, with humorous felicity. regulates all thy actions would alone suffice to immortalize thy name.

I, Bose, quo virtus tua te vocat,
Grandia laturus meritorum præmia.

Epist. 11, lib. ii, v. 37. « Perhaps the English will now understand at last that it is folly to oppose themselves to the wisdom of One bead more in this string of quotations : & Un thy designs, and to strive against thy fortune.» Poi philosophe,» says the Comte de Puissaye, speaking

« A figure of Liberty, which during the days of Ja- of Frederic of Prussia, «dans le sens de nos jours, est cobinism was crected at Aix in Provence, was demo- selon moi le plus terrible fléau que le ciel puisse envoyer Jished during the night about the time when Duona aux habitans de la terre. Mais l'idée d'un Roi philosophe parte assumed the empire. Among the squibs to which et despole, est un injure au sens commun, un outrage this gave occasion, was the following question and à la raison.»— Mémoires, tome 3, 125.

a Tale of Paraguay.

Go forth, my little book!
Go forth and please tbe gentle and the good.

WORDSWORTH.

DEDICATION.

Bonds wlich, defying now all Fortune's power,
Time liath not loosen'd, nor will Death divide.

TO EDITII MAY SOUTHEY.

I.
Edith! ten years are number'd, since the day,
Which ushers in the cheerful month of May,
To us by thy dear birth, my daughter dear,
Was blest. Thou therefore didst the name partake
Of that sweet month, the sweetest of the year;
But fillier was it given thee for the sake
Of a good man, thy father's friend sincere,
Who at the font made answer in thy name.
Thy love and reverence rightly may he claim,
For closely hath he been with me allied
In friendship's holy bonds, from that first hour
When in our youth we met on Tejo's side;

IT.
A child more welcome, by indulgent lleaven
Never to parents' tears and prayers was given!
For scarcely eight months at thy happy birth
Had pass'd, since of thy sister we were left, -
Our first-born and our only babe, bereft.
Too fair a flower was she for this rude earth!
The features of her beauteous infancy
Have faded from me, like a passing cloud,
Or like the glories of an evening sky:
And seldom hath my tongue pronounced her name
Since she was summon'd to a happier sphere.
But that dear love, so deeply wounded then,
I in my soul with silent faith sincere
Devoutly cherish till we meet again.

meam.

duntur, exploratores tres emiserant, qui trans illud flu- inde ut formicis, undique scatere. Jam de forma, bamen arbores desideratas investigareat. Forte in tugu- bitudine, vivendi ratione, quam in matre, ejusque prorium, agrumque frumento Turcico consitum incidere, libus observaveram, dicendum obiter aliquid. Ab ex quo hanc sylvam barbarorum contuberniis scatere ineunte ætate in Mondag litoribus, culicum, serpeutum, perperam arguebant. Uæc notitia tanto omnes perculit aliorumque animalculorum noxiorum frequentia oppimetu, ut suspenso, ad quem conducti fueraut, labore do infectis consedere. Palmarum ramis tuguriolum suis aliquamdiu in tuguriis laterent, ut limax intra definiebatur. Aqua semper latulenta potum; arborum concham. Diu noctuque hostilis aggressio formidaba- fructus, alces, damulæ, cuniculi, aves variæ, frumentum tur. Ad liberandos se boc terrore cursor ad S. Joachimi Curcicum, radices arboris mandio dapem; tela ex foliis oppidum missus, qui, ut barbaros istic habitantes per- caraquatà contexia vestitum, leciumque præbuere. quiramus, inventosque ad nostram transferamus colo- Mel, quod exesis is arboribus passim prostat, inter cuniam flagitavit. Sinc tergiversatione operam addixi pedias numerabatur. Tabacx, quam peti vocaui Qua

Licet trium hebdomadum itinere defunctus ranii, fumum ex arundine, cui ligueum vasculuin cacabi Nato servatori sacra die ex Mbaebera domum redierim, instar præfixum, diu noctuque hauserat vetula ; filius S. Joannis apostoli festo iter mox aggressus sum cum tabacz folia in pulverem redacta ore mandcrc nunquadraginta Indorum meorum comitatu. Fluviis ob quam desjit. Concha ad lapidem exacuta pro cultro continuatum dies complures imbrem turgentibus pro- utebantur, interdum arundine fissa. Adolescens matris, fectio perardua nobis exstitit. Accepto ex Hispanorum sororisque nutricius bina ferri frustilla, cultri olim tugurio viarum duce, trajectoque llumine Empalado confracti reliquias, pollicem lata, et pollice nil longiora, sylvas omnes ad fluvii Mondag miri ripas usque atten-ligno, ceu manubrio inserta, cera, filoque circumligata tis oculis pervagati, tertio demum die, humano, quod cingulo gestabat suo. Hoc instrumento sa giltas scitisdeteximus, vestigio nos ducente ediculam attigimus, sime elaborare, decipulas è ligno ad capiendas alces ubi mater vetula, cum filio vicesimum, filiaque quin- facere, arbores, ubi mellis iudicium viderat, perfodere, tum decimum annum agente annis abhinc multis de- aliaque id genus præstare solebat. Cum argilla, è qua gebat. Quibus in latebris Indi alii versarentur, à me ollæ conficiuntur, nusquam esset, carnibus assis, non rogata mater, neminem mortalium præter se, binasque coctis vescebantur per omnem vitam. Herbæ Paraquaproles, bis in sylvis superesse, omnes, qui per hanc ricæ folia non nisi frigida perfudere, cum vas, quo viciniam habitaverant, variolarum dira peste dudum aquam recepto more calefacerent, non haberent. Jgoem extinctos fuisse, respondit. De dicti veritate ancipi- | per affrictum celerem duorum ligaellorum norunt tem me dum observaret filius: tuto, ait, fidem adhi- promptissime elicere, omnium Americanorum more, bueris matri mep ista affirmanti : namque ipsus ego quod alio loco exponam uberius. Ad restinguendam uxorem mihi quæsiturus remotissimas etiam sylvas sitim aqua palustri, semperque, ni ab Austro frigido identidem percursavi, quin tamen vel liominis umbram refrigeretur tautisper, tepida utebantur, cui adferenda, reperirem uspiam. En! naturæ instinctu adolescens asservandæque ingentes cucurbitæ pro cantharis ser barbarus, conjugium cum sorore sibi neutiquam licere, viunt. Ut, quam curta illis domi fuerit suppeller, intellexit. Is multis post mensibus meo in oppido, porro videas, de eorum vestitu facienda est mentio. nullos preter se homines illis in sylvis degerc, iterum, « Juseni lacerna è caraquatà filis concinnata è scapuiterumque ingenue mihi asseveravit. ldem confirma- lis ad genua utrinque detluebat; ventre funiculis prærunt Hispani, à quibus evocatus sum, ultra biennium in cincio, è quibus cucurbitam tabacæ pulveribus, quos conquirenda herba dein per illas sylvas occupati, non mandit, plenam suspendit. Rete crassioribus è Glis mediocri cum questu.

matri lectus nociu, interdiu vestis fuil unica. « Vetulam matrem congruis argumentis hortatus sum « Puellæ pariter breve reticulum, in quo noctibus ad meum ut oppidum, siquidem Juberet, commigraret cubabat, per diem vestitus instar fuerat. Cum nimis ocyus, se, suosque meliori fortuua illic usuros, pollici- diaphana mihi videretur, ut verecundiæ consultum

Lubenter invitationi meæ obtemperaturam se, irem in Indorum, llispanorumque præsentia, linteum respondit; rem unicam migrationi suæ obstare. Sunt gossipinum, quo Jotas manus tergimus, illius nuditati milii, ait, tres, quos coram vides, apri à prima ætate tegendæ destinavi. Puella linteum, quod illi Indi mei mansuefacti; nos quoquo euntes caniculi more sequun. porrexerant, iterum, iterumque complicatum papyri tur. Hi, si campum aridum videant, vel extra sylvarum instar, capiti imposuit suo, ceu clypeum contra solis umbram à sole ardenti videantur, peribunt confestim, æslus; verum admonita ab Indis illo se involvit. Juveni timeo. Hanc solicitudinem, queso, animo ejicias tuo, quoque, ne verecundos offenderet oculos, perizomatai reposui; cordi mihi fore chara animalcula, nil dubites. linea, quibus in itineribus contra culicum morsus caput Sole æstuante umbram, ubi ubi demum, captabimus. obvolveram meum, invito obtrusi. Prius celsissimas Neque lacunæ, amues, paludes, ubi refrigerentur tua arbores simii velocitate scandebat, ut fructus ab apris hæc corcula, usquam deerunt. Talibus delinita pro- tribus devoraudos, inde decerperet. Caligis, veluti commissis se nobiscuin ituram, spopondit. Et vero postri- pedibus impeditus vix gressum figere poluit. Tanta die iter ingressi, caleodis Januarii incolumes oppidum rerum penuria, frugalitate tanta cum in solitudine vicattigimus, licet

per viam bine fulminibus, imbribusque titarent semper, ac anachoretarum veterum rigores, horrendis fæta tempestates nobis incubuerint, ac tigris asperitatesque experirentur, sorte sua contentissimos, rugitu assiduo totam per noctem minitans nobis iterum, tranquillo animo, corporeque morborum nescios illos iterumque propinquarit. Hispanos, queis matrem dua- suspexi. Ex quo palam fit, naturam paucis contentam bus cum prolibus per transennam exhibui, nihilque esse; erubescant illi, quibus saturandis, ornandisque omnino Indorum sylvestrium in tota late vicinia super- totus orbis vix suflicit. Ex ultimis terræ finibus, ex esse,' significavi, timoris sui et puduit, et penituit. oceani, sylvarum, camporum, montium, tellurisque greAutumaverant equidem sylvas Empalado, et Mondag mio, ex elementis omnibus, et unde non? avide petunfluminibus interjecias barbarorum habitationibus, per- tur subsidia, quæ ad comendum corpus, ad oblectandum

tus.