LX. The old man to whom he had been given in care, To Dobrizhoffer came one day and said, The trouble which our youth was thought to bear With such indifference, hath deranged his head. He says that he is nightly visited. His Mother and his Sister come and say That he must give this message from the dead A soul upon the earth which should no longer stay. LXI. A dream the Jesuit deem'd it; a deceit To censure, lest the youth's distempered thought The Father said, and then dismiss'd it from his mind. LXII. But the old Indian came again ere long Nor wait for farther time if there were aught to fear. LXIII. Considerately the Jesuit heard and bade The youth be called. Yeruti told his tale. Nightly these blessed spirits came, he said, To warn him he must come within the pale Of Christ without delay; nor must he fail This warning to their Pastor to repeat, Till the renewed intreaty should prevail. Life's business then for him would be complete, And it was to tell him this they left their starry seat. LXIV. Came they to him in dreams?—He could not tell. Sleeping or waking now small difference made; For even while he slept he knew full well That his dear Mother and that darling Maid Both in the Garden of the Dead were laid : And yet he saw them as in life, the same, Save only that in radiant robes arrayed, And round about their presence when they came There shone an effluent light as of a harmless flame. LXV. And where he was he knew, the time, the place,All circumstantial things to him were clear. His own heart undisturb'd. His Mother's face How could he chuse but know; or knowing, fear Her presence and that Maid's, to him more dear Than all that had been left him now below? Their love had drawn them from their happy sphere; That dearest love unchanged they came to show; And he must be baptized, and then he too might go. LXVI. With searching ken the Jesuit while he spake Something of an unusual brightness shone : Of wandering, and his speech, though earnest, was se date. LXVII. Regular his pulse, from all disorder free; The vital powers perform'd their part assign'd; And to whate'er was ask'd, collectedly He answer'd. Nothing troubled him in mind; Did not all love him with a love sincere, He had no want, no pain, no grief, no fear : But he must be baptized; he could not tarry here. 26 LXVIII. Thy will be done, Father in heaven who art! His feeling was that hour with fear allied; And while he knelt his eyes seem'd larger and more bright. LXIX, His wish hath been obtain'd, and this being done. His soul was to its full desire content. The day in its accustomed course past on: The Indian mark'd him ere to rest he went, How o'er his beads, as he was wont, he bent, And then, like one who casts all care aside, Lay down. The old man fear'd no ill event, When, «Ye are come for me!» Yeruti cried; «Yes, I am ready now!» and instantly he died. NOTES. Note 1, page 552, col. 2. So he forsooth a shapely boot must wear. His leg had been set by the French after their conquest of Pamplona, and re-set after his removal to his father's house. The latter operation is described as having been most severe, but borne by him in his wonted manner without any manifestation of suffering. For some time his life was despaired of. « When the danger of death was past, and the bones were knit and becoming firm, two inconveniences remained: one occasioned by a portion of bone below the knee, which projected so as to occasion some deformity; the other was a contraction of the leg, which prevented him from walking erect or standing firmly on his feet. Now as he was very solicitous about his appearance, and in Tre Ajustada ya la punta del pie, acude al talon, humedece con la lengua los remates de las costuras, porque no faiseen las costuras de secas por los remates. menda vanidad, sufrir en sus pies un hombre la boca de otro hombre, solo por tener aliñados los pies! Desdobla el zapatero el talon, dase uno vuelta con el calzador á la mano, y empieza á eucaxar en el pie la segunda porcion del zapato. Manda que se baxe la punta, y hácese lo que manda. Llama ácia á sí el zapato con tal fuerza, que entre su cuerpo y el espaldar de la silla Dicele abrevia torpe y desaliñadamente al que calza. luego que haga talon, y el hombre obedece como un esclavo. Ordénale despues que dé en el suelo una paVuelve á tada, y el da la patada, como se le ordena. sentarse; saca el cruel ministro el calzador del empeine, y por donde salió el calzador mete un palo, que llaman tended at that time to follow the course of a military el mal á sí mismo, por no hacersele a aquel de quien life which he had begun, he enquired of hus medical necesita. attendants in the first place whether the bone could be removed which stood out in so unsightly a manner. They answered that it was possible to remove it, but the operation would be exceedingly painful, much more so than any which he had before undergone. He nevertheless directed them to cut it out, that he might have his will, and (as he himself related in my hearing, says Ribadeneira), that he might wear fashionable and well-fitting boots. Nor could he be dissuaded from this determination. He would not consent to be bound during the operation, and went through it with the same firinness of mind which he had manifested in the former operations. By this means the deformity of the bone was removed. The contraction of the leg was in some degree relieved by other applications, and especially by certain machines, with which during many days, and with great and continual pain, it was stretch-costa, y contra el vuelve y revuelve el sacabocados, que ed; nevertheless it could not be so extended, but that it always remained something shorter than the other, "Ribadeneira, Vita S. Ignatii Loyola, Acta SS. Jul., t. 7, p. 659. saca los bocados del cordoban, para que entren las cintas; y dexa en el empeine del pie un dolor, y unas señales, como si hubiera sacado de alli los bocados. Agujerea las orejas, passa la cinta con una aguja, lleva A close-fitting boot seems to have been as fashionable las orejas á que cierren el zapato, ajústalos, y da luego at one time as close fitting innominables of buckskin con tanta fuerza el nudo, que si pudieran ahogar á un were about the year 1790; and perhaps it was as severe hombre por Ja garganta del pie, le aliogara. Hace la an operation to get into them for the first time. « The rosa despues con mas cuydado que gracia. Vuelve á greasy shoemaker,» says Tom Nash, « with his squir-devanarse á la mano el calzador, que está colgando del rel's skin, and a whole stall of ware upon his arm en- talon; tira del como quien retoca, da con la otra mano ters, and wrencheth his legs for an hour together, and palmadas en la planta, como quien asienta, y saea el calafter shows his tally. By St Loy that draws deep.»-zador, echándose todo ácia atras. Pone el galan el pie en Nash's Lenten Stuff. Hart. Miscel. vol. ii, p. 289, 8vo el suelo, y quédase mirándole. Levántase el zapatero, edition. ་་ The operation of fitting a Spanish dandy with short laced quarter boots is thus minutely described by Juan de Zavaleta, who was historiographer at the commencement of Carlos the Second's reign. que <«<Entra el zapatero oliendo á cansado. Saca de las hormas los zapatos, con tanta dificultad como si desollara las hormas. Siéntase en nna silla el galan; híncase el zapatero de rodillas, apóderase de una pierna con tantos tirones y desagrados, como si le enviaran á le diera tormento. Mete un calzador en el talon del zapato, encapillale otro en la punta del pie, y luego empieza á guiar el zapato por encima del calzador. Apenas ha caminado poco mas que los dedos del pie, quando es menester arrastrarle con unas tenazas, y aun arrastrado se resiste. Pónese en pie el paciente fatigado, pero contento de que los zapatos le vengan angostos; y de órden del zapatero da tres ó quatro patadas en el suelo, con tanta fuerza, que pues no se quiebra, debe de ser de bronze. « Acozcados dan de sí el cordoban y la suela; pellejos en fin de animales, que obedecen á golpes. Vućlvese á sentar el tal señor, dobla ácia fuera el copete del zapato, cógele con la boca de las tenazas, hinca el oficial junto á él entrambas rodillas, afirmase en el suelo con la mano izquierda, y puesto de bruzas sobre el pie, hecho arco los dos dedos de la mano derecha que forman el jeme, va con ellos ayudando á llevar por el empeine arriba el cordoban, de quien tira con las tenazas su dueño. Vuelve a ponerse en una rodilla, como primero estaba; empuña con la una mano la punta del pie, y con la palma de la otra da sobre su mano tan grandes golpes como si los diera con una pala de jugar á la pelota; que es la necesidad tan discreta, que se hace el pobre arrasa con el dedo el sudor de la frente, y queda respirindo como si hubiera corrido. Todo esto se ahorraba con hacerse el zapato un poco mayor que el pie. Padecen luego entrambos otro tanto con el pie segundo. Llega el último y fiero trance de darle el dinero. Recoge el oficial sus baratijas. Recibe su estipendio, sale por la puerta de la sala mirando si es buena la plata que le han dado, dexando á su dueño de movimientos tan torpes como si le hubiera echado unos grillos. «Si pensaran los que se calzan apretado que se achican el pie. Si lo piensau se engañan. Los huesos no se pueden meter unos en otros: con esto es fuerza que si le quitan de lo largo al zapato, se doble el pic por las coyunturas, y crezca ácia arriba lo que le menguan de adelante. Si le estrechan lo ancho, es preciso que se alargue aquella carne oprimida. Con la misma cantidad de pie que se tenian, se quedan los que calzan sisado. Lo que hacen es atormentarse, y dexar los pies de peor hechura. El animal á quien mas largos pies dió la naturaleza segun su cantidad, es el hombre; porque, como ha de andar todo el cuerpo sobre ellos, y no son mas de dos, quiso que anduviesse seguro. El que se los quiere abreviar, gana parece que tiene de caer, y de caer en los vicios, donde se hará mayor mal, que en las piedras. La parte que le puso Dios ad hombre en la fábrica de su cuerpo mas cerca de la tierra, son los pies: quiso sin duda que fuera la parte mas humilde de su fábrica, pero los galanes viciosos les quitan la humildad con los aliños, y los ensoberbecen con el cuydado. Enfada esto á Dios tanto, que abiendo de hacer al hombre animal que pisasse la tierra, hizo la tierra de tal calidad, que se pudiesse imprimir en ella la huella del hombre. Abierta dexa su sepultura el pie que se levanta, y parece que se levanta de la sepultura. Tre menda crueldad es enloquecer con el adorno al que se quiere tragar la tierra á cada passo.»-El dia de Fiesta. Obras de D. Juan de Zavaleta, p. 179-180. <<< In comes the shoemaker in the odour of haste and fatigue. He takes the shoes off the last with as much difficulty as if he were skinning the lasts. The gallant seats himself upon a chair; the shoemaker kneels down, and takes possession of one foot, which he handles as if he were sent there to administer the torture. He puts one shoeing skin in the heel of the shoe, fits the other upon the point of the foot, and then begins to guide the shoe over the shoeing skin. Scarcely has it got farther than the toes when it is found necessary to draw it on with pincers, and even then it is hard work. The patient stands up, fatigued with the operation, but well pleased that the shoes are tight; and by the shoemaker's directions he stamps three or four times on the floor, with such force that it must be of iron if it does not give way. " a bodkin, brings the ears together that they may fasten the shoe, fits them to their intended place, and ties the knot with such force, that if it were possible to strangle a man by the neck of his foot, strangled the gallant would be. Then he makes the rose, with more care than grace. He goes then to take out the shoeing skin which is still hanging frown the heel; he lays hold of this, strikes the sole of the foot with his other hand as if settling it, and draws out the skin, bringing out all with it. The gallant puts his foot to the ground, and remains looking at it. The shoemaker rises, wipes the sweat from his forehead with his fingers, and draws his breath like one who has been running. All this trouble might have been saved by making the shoe a little larger than the foot. Presently both have to go through the same pains with the other foot. Now comes the last and terrible act of payment. The tradesman collects his tools, receives his money, and goes out at the door, looking at the silver to see if it is good, and leaving the gallant walking as The cordovan and the soles being thus beaten, sub-much at his case as if he had been put in fetters. mit; they are the skins of animals who obey blows. If they who wear tight shoes think that thereby they Our gallant returns to his seat, he turns up the upper-can lessen the size of their feet, they are mistaken. The leather of the shoc, and lays hold on it with the pincers: bones cannot be squeezed one into another; if therefore the tradesman kneels close by him on both knees, rests the shoe is made short, the foot must be crooked at the on the ground with his left hand, and bending in this joints, and grow upward if it is not allowed to grow forall-four's position over the foot, making an arch with ward. If it is pinched in the breadth, the flesh which is those fingers of the right hand which form the span, thus constrained must extend itself in length. They who assists in drawing on the upper part of the cordovan, are shod thus miserably remain with just the same quanthe gallant pulling the while with the pincers. He then tity of foot. puts himself on one knee, lays hold of the end of the foot with one hand, and with the palm of the other strikes his own hand, as hard as if he were striking a ball with a racket. For necessity is so discreet that the poor man inflicts this pain upon himself that he may give none to the person of whose custom he stands in need. «The end of the foot being thus adjusted he repairs to the heel, and with his tongue moistens the end of the seams, that they may not give way for being dry Tremendous vanity, that one man should allow the mouth of another to be applied to his feet that he may have them trimly set out! The shoemaker unfolds the heel, turns round with the shoeing skin in his hand, and begins to fit the second part of the shoe upon the foot. He desires the gallant to put the end of the foot down, and the gallant does as he is desired. He draws the shoe towards him with such force that the person who is thus being shoed is compressed in an unseemly manner between the shoemaker's body and the back of the chair. Presently he tells him to put his heel down, and the man is as obedient as a slave. He orders him then to stamp upon the ground, and the man stamps as he is ordered. The gallant then seats himself again; the cruel operator draws the shoeing skin from the instep, and in its place drives in a stick which they call costa, He then turns upon it the punch, which makes the holes in the leather, through which the ribbons are to pass; he again twists round his hand the strip of hareskin which hangs from the heel, and pulls it as if he were ringing a bell, and leaves upon the upper part of the top a pain and marks as if he had punched the holes in it. He bores the ears, passes the string through with Of all animals, man is the one to which, in proportion to its size, nature has given the largest feet; because as his whole body is to be supported upon them, and he has only two, she chose that he should walk in safety. He who wishes to abbreviate them acts as if he were inclined to fall, and to fall into vices which will do him more injury than if he fell upon stones. The feet are the part which in the fabric of the human body are placed nearest to the earth; they are meant therefore to be the humblest part of his frame, but gallants take away all humility by adorning and setting them forth in bravery. This so displeases the Creator, that having to make man an animal who should walk upon the earth, he made the earth of such properties, that the footsteps should sink into it. The foot which is lifted from the ground, leaves its own grave open, and seems as if it rose from the grave. What a tremendous thing is it then to set off with adornments that which the earth wishes to devour at every step!»> Note 2, page 552, col. 2. Se o Whiling with books the weary hours away. «Vede quanto importa a liçao de bons livros! livro fora de cavallerias, sahiria Ignacio hum grande cavalleyro; foy hum livro de vidas de Santos, sahio hum grande Santo. Se lera cavallerias, sahiria Ignacio hum Cavelleyro da ardente espada; leo vidas de Santos sahio hum Santo da ardente tocha.»-Vieyra, Serman de St Ignacio, t. i, p. 368. See, says Vieyra, the importance of reading good books. If it had been a book of knight errantry, Iguacio would have become a great knight errant; it was the Lives of the Saints, and Ignatius became a great saint. If he had read about knights, he might have proved a Knight of the Burning Sword: he read about saints, and proved a saint of the burning torch. Nothing could seem more probable than that Cervan tes had this part of Loyola's history in his mind when he described the rise of Don Quixote's madness, if Cervantes had not shown himself in one of his dramas to be thoroughly imbued with the pestilent superstition of his country. El dichoso Rufian is one of those monstrous compositions which nothing but the anti-christian fables of the Romish church could have produced. Landor, however, supposes that Cervantes intended to satirize a favourite dogma of the Spaniards. The passage occurs in his thirteenth conversation. « The most dexterous attack ever made against the worship among catholics, which opens so many side chapels to pilfering and imposture, is that of Cervantes. « Leopold. I do not remember in what part. « President. Throughout Don Quixote. Dulcinea was the peerless, the immaculate, and death was denounced against all who hesitated to admit the assertion of her perfections. Surely your highness never could have imagined that Cervantes was such a knight errant as to attack knight errantry, a folly that had ceased more than a century, if indeed it was any folly at all; and the idea that he ridiculed the poems and romances founded on it, is not less improbable, for they coutained all the literature of the nation, execpting the garniture of chapterhouses, theology, and pervaded, as with a thread of gold, the beautiful histories of this illustrious people. He delighted the idlers of romance by the jokes he scattered amongst them on the false taste of his predecessors and of his rivals; and he delighted his own heart by this solitary archery; well knowing what amusement those who came another day would find in picking up his arrows and discovering the bull's-eye hits. << Charles V was the knight of La Mancha, devoting his labours and vigils, his wars and treaties, to the chimerical idea of making all minds, like watches, turn their indexes, by a simultaneous movement to one point. Sancho Panza was the symbol of the people, possessing sound sense in all other matters, but ready to follow the most extravagant visionary in this, and combining implicit belief in it, with the grossest sensuality. For religion, when it is hot enough to produce enthusiasm, burns up and kills every seed entrusted to its bosom.»-Imaginary Conversations, vol. i, 187. Benedetto di Virgilio, the Italian ploughman, thus describes the course of Loyola's reading, in his heroic poem upon that Saint's life. Mentre le vote indebolite vene Stass' egli rinforzando a poco a poco Quinci comanda, che i volumi ornati I volumi vergati in dolci canti Tomo divin, che le vite de' Santi Tutto giocondo a contemplar s'appiglia Contempla dopo il Serafico Magno Quinci ritrova il Celestin, che spande De l'egregie virtù sue memorande Quivi s'avvisa, come il buon Norcino Guasto tempio sacrato al cieco Averno, Legge come Brunone al divin Regge Chiara tra l'altre nota è Caterina, E tra i Romiti mira Ilarione, E di Vienna quel si franco e forte Il divo Agnello di lor capo e Duce. Mentre in questo penetra e meglio intende Gia gli sgombra gli errori e già gli accende In guisa il cor, che distilla in piauto; Qual duro ghiaccio sovra i monti alpini Com' altri nel cristallo, o nel diamante Ignatio Loiola, Canto 2. 1647. The Jesuits, however, assure us, that Loyola is not the author of their society, and that it is not allowable either to think or say so. << Societas Jesu ut à S. Ignatio de Loiola non ducit nomen, ita neque originem primam, et aliud sentire aut loqui, nefas.» (Imago primi Sæculi Soc. Jesu, p. 64.) « Jesus primus ac præcipuus auctor Societatis,» is the title of a chapter in this their secular volume, which is a curious and very beautiful book. Then follows « Beata Virgo nutrix, patrona, imò altera velut auctor Societatis.» Lastly, « Post Christum et Mariam Societatis Auctor et Parens sanctus Ignatius.»> «On the 26th August 1794, the French plundered the rich church of Loyola, at Azpeitia, and proceeding to Elgoibas, loaded five carts with the spoils of the church of that place. This party of marauders consisted of 200. The peasants collected, fell upon them, and after an obstinate conflict of three hours, recovered the whole booty, which they conveyed to Vittoria in triumph. Among other things, a relic of Loyola was recovered, which was carried in procession to the church, the victorious peasants accompanying it.»-Marcillac, Hist. de la Guerre de l'Espagne, p. 86. Note 3, page 552, col. 2. Vaccination. dity, which no flight could escape, and with a fatal effect that nothing could resist. It destroyed with its pestilential breath whole families and tribes; and the horrid scene presented to those who had the melancholy and afflicting opportunity of beholding it, a combination of the dead, the dying, and such as, to avoid the horrid fate of their friends around them, prepared to disappoint the plague of its prey, by terminating their own existence. « << The habits and lives of these devoted people, which provided not to-day for the wants of to-morrow, must have heightened the pains of such an affliction, by leaving them not only. without remedy, but even without alleviation. Nought was left them but to submit in agony and despair. «To aggravate the picture, if aggravation were possible, may be added the putrid carcasses which the wolves, with a furious voracity, dragged forth from the huts, or which were mangled within them by the dogs, whose hunger was satisfied with the disfigured remains of their masters. Nor was it uncommon for the father of a family, whom the infection had not reached, to call them around him, to represent the cruel sufferings and horrid fate of their relations, from the influence of some evil spirit, who was preparing to extirpate their race; and to incite them to baffle death, with all its horrors, by their own poniards. At the same time, if their hearts failed them in this necessary act, he was himself ready to perform the deed of mercy with his own hand, as the last act of his affection, and instantly to follow them to the common place of rest and refuge from human evil.» Note 5, page 553, col. 2. And from the silent door the jaguar turns away. I may be forgiven for not having strictly adhered to natural history in this instance. The liberty which 1 have taken is mentioned, that it may not be supposed to have arisen from ignorance of this animal's habits. The jaguar will not attack a living horse if a dead one be near, and when it kills its prey it drags it to its den, but is said not to eat the body till it becomes putrid. They are caught in large traps of the cage kind, baited with stinking meat, and then speared or shot through the bars. The Chalcaquines had a braver way of killing them: they provoked the animal, fronted it, It is odd that in Hindostan, where it might have been supposed superstition would have facilitated the introduction of this practice, a pious fraud was found neces-received its attack upon a thick truncheon, which they sary for removing the prejudice against it. Mooperal Streenivaschary, a Brahmin, thus writes to Dr Anderson at Madras, on vaccine inoculation. It might be useful to remove a prejudice in the minds of the people, arising from the term cow-pock, being taken literally in our Tamul tongue; whereas there can be no doubt that it has been a drop of nectar from the exuberant udders of the cows in England, and no way similar to the humour discharged from the tongue and feet of diseased cattle in this country.» FORBES'S Oriental Memoirs, vol. iii, p. 423. Note 4, page 553, col. 1. For tyrannous fear dissolved all natural bonds of man. held by the two ends, threw it down while its teeth were fixed in the wood, and ripped the creature up before it could recover. (Techo, p. 29.) A great profit is made by their skins. The jaguar which has once tasted human flesh becomes a most formidable animal; such a beast is called a tigre cevado, a fleshed tiger. There was one who infested the road between Santa Fé and Santiago, and killed ten men; after which a party of soldiers were sent to destroy it. The same thing is said of the lion and other beasts of prey, probably with truth; not as is vulgarly supposed, because they have a particular appetite for this kind of food, but because having once fed upon man, they from that time regard him like any animal of inferior strength, as their na Mackenzie gives a dreadful picture of the effect of tural prey. «It is a constant observation in Numidia,>> small-pox among the North American Indians. « The small-pox spread its destructive and desolating power, as the fire consumes the dry grass of the field. The fatal infection spread around with a baneful rapi says Bruce, << that the lion avoids and flies from the face of men, till by some accident they have been brought to engage, and the beast has prevailed against him; then that feeling of superiority, imprinted by the |