the Epistola Catholica of Athanasius is by some ascribed Epistle to the Bishops of Egypt and Libya; Apology to to this date; but Montfaucon doubts its authenticity. | the Emperor Constantius; Apology for his Flight; Epistle During the short remainder of his life, Athanasius lived in to Serapion on the Death of Arius; Epistle to the Monks; peace and in the possession of his bishopric. The year 372 Four Orations against the Arians; Four Epistles to Seraand the month of May, A.D. 373, are both assigned as the pion; On the Synods of Ariminum and Seleuceia; An period of his death. Papebroch, who is of the latter opinion, Address to the Bishops of Antioch; An Epistle to Jovian; relates, in the Acta Sanctorum for the month of May, tom. i., The Life of St. Anthony; Two Epistles to Orisius and one that the body of Athanasius was conveyed to Constantinople, to Ammorius; On the Incarnation; Against the Arians; and thence removed in the fifteenth century to Venice, and An Epistle to the African Bishops; An Epistle to Epicplaced in the church of the nuns of the Holy Cross. He tetus; An Epistle to Adelphius; An Epistle to Maximus; adds, that the head of the bishop is wanting at Venice, and Two Books against Apollinaris; Epistles to John and Anis still the subject of dispute between two churches, one in tiochus, to Palladius, to Amunis, to Rufianus, to Lucifer, to Spain and the other in France; each asserts that it pos- the Monks; A Work on the Trinity and Holy Spirit; An sesses the genuine head of Athanasius. Epistle to Marcellinus; An Exposition of the Psalms; Fragments of Commentaries on the Psalms, Job, the Canticles, Matthew, Luke, and the Hebrews; many fragments of Epistles and short Essays on the Disease of Herod, on False Prophets, and some fragments of Sermons.

When the word Atheling has been found following a name by which a Saxon was designated, it has been supposed by some persons to be of the nature of a surname; and especially in the instance in which it is found united with Edgar, in him who was the last male in that illustrious family. Polydore Virgil, an Italian, who in the middle of the sixteenth century wrote a history of England in elegant Latin, falls into this error; for which he is rebuked by Selden, the author of the admirable work on the various titles of honour which have been in use in the countries of modern Europe. He shows that Edgar Atheling is the same as Edgar the Atheling, or the noble, and that while some of our earlier chroniclers, as Henry of Huntingdon and Matthew Paris, so designate him, others, as Hoveden and Florence, call him Edgarus Clyto. Clyto is the Greek term answering to eminent, illustrious. It is rather a remarkable fact concerning the Saxon kings of England and their families, that they affected titles and denominations of Greek origin, as Clyto, Basileus (king), and Adelphe (sister); the last appears on the seal of the royal abbess of Wilton.

There is no sufficient information to show when the word Atheling first began to be used in the Saxon dynasty, but it has been supposed that it was used from the earliest times by those who could boast of being of the blood of Woden, who was regarded as the common ancestor of all the races of Saxon sovereigns. Some have represented the term as confined to the eldest son of a reigning monarch, or at least to one who was the heir-presumptive to the throne. The Atheling of the Saxons they have regarded as equivalent to the term Dauphin in the line of the French monarchy, and Prince of Wales in our own. But this restriction of it seems not to be sanctioned by the passages in Saxon and other early writers in whom it occurs.

Nothing is known of any peculiar privileges belonging to the Athelings. But those who in modern times have had occasion to speak of the term and the circumstances under which it was used, such as Lingard and Turner in their histories of the Saxon period, speak of lands being usually given to the Atheling while still in his minority. And hence it is that this word Atheling has descended to our times in the local nomenclature of England.

had they not, with other particulars of his life, together perished.'

The abbey appears to have been founded in 878 or 888. The buildings, judging from various parts of them that have been discovered at different times, are supposed to have been very magnificent. The conventual church was partly rebuilt in 1321; but not a vestige of the whole now remains, and the field on which it stood has been converted into tillage. (Collinson's Hist. of Somersetshire; Dugdale's Monasticon.)

ATHELSTAN, an illustrious prince in the line of the Saxon sovereigns of England, scarcely less illustrious than Alfred, his renowned grandfather. He was the first who called himself king of the English; his father and grandfather having been content to call themselves kings of the Anglo-Saxons, while Egbert, and the sovereigns between him and Alfred, were only styled kings of Wessex.

Athelstan was born six years before the death of Alfred. The first notice that we find of him is, that he received while still a child some honorary distinction at the hands of his grandfather. It is a question whether he was, strictly speaking, a legitimate son of his father. It is admitted on all hands that his mother was a person of lowly birth, the daughter of a Saxon husbandman. His father succeeded to the throne of Alfred, and is known as the Elder Edward, to distinguish him from the two later Edwards of that royal house, the Martyr and the Confessor.

The eldest son of Edward, and the only son who had arrived at years of maturity, except Athelstan, died a few days after his father. This opened the way to Athelstan's succession, who, it is said, was nominated in his father's will, and who had certainly with him the voice of a large party in the kingdom. The Wittenagemote sanctioned his assumption of the sceptre, and he was crowned at Kingston-uponThames. His reign began in A.D. 925.

As we have numerous Kingstons, so have we Adlingtons; and both King and Atheling, with slight variations, have descended in union with other local terminations. We have Kingsbury, Kingsley, and Kingswood; Conington, Co-narch. Edwin, one of his brothers, is said to have been niston, Conysthorpe, and Cony-Weston; as we have also Bere-Regis, as it is now called, but by the Saxons, Conybere. So also have we Adling-flete, Edlingham; and no doubt such names of places as Addingham, Addington, and Edington, are of the same etymology. In one instance we have an Edlington at a very short distance from the walls of a castle called Coningsborough-the one the seat of a Saxon Rex or Regulus-the latter, no doubt, one of the portions of land which were settled on one of the Athelings. ATHELNEY, ISLE OF. This appellation, though it has ceased to be applicable, is retained by a rising ground in the parish of East Ling, and hundred of Andersfield, in the county of Somerset; bounded on the S.E. by the river Tone (a tributary of the Parret), over which is a wooden bridge still called Athelney bridge. The whole 'island' contains about 100 acres, and in 1791 formed a compact farm of about equal portions of arable and pasture land. There is a farm-house at its southern extremity

This spot was antiently surrounded by almost impassable marshes, and has acquired celebrity as the place in which the great Alfred found temporary shelter while the Danes overran Wessex. It is thus described by William of Malmesbury Athelney is not an island of the sea, but is so inaccessible on account of bogs and the inundations of the lakes, that it cannot be got to but in a boat. It has a very large wood of alders, which harbours stags, wild goats, and many beasts of that kind. The firm land, which is only two acres in breadth, contains a little monastery and dwellings for monks. Its founder was King Alfred, who, being driven from the district by the Danes, had kept himself for some time in that secure lurking-place.'

Sir John Spelman's account is nearly similar, except that he states that in the height of summer it could be reached, though with difficulty, by a man on foot. Here, he adds, the king made himself a small hold or receptacle, from whence issuing secretly, he often made such sallies out upon the Dane as had been worthy enough to have lived to posterity,

But though he had every thing in his favour except a clear hereditary right of succession,-and hereditary right was not held in such esteem either in the Saxon or other nations of that period as it has been since experience has proved the great advantage of having fixed rules of succession,—yet he had to defend his right to the throne against a party who espoused the cause of some of the younger children of king Edward. And here we must notice a suspicion of a crime which attaches to the memory of this favourite modriven out to sea by his orders in tempestuous weather, in an open and shattered boat: only one companion was given him. In a transport of indignation he is said to have leaped into the sea, and to have been lost. It is some relief to read in one historian of that period that the contemporary evidence scarcely goes to the proof of any thing beyond the fact, that Edwin was lost in the English seas. Athelstan had other persons to contend against. Neither Alfred nor Edward had possessed an entire sovereignty of England: Cornwall and parts of Devonshire were under another chief: Wales retained its original independence; and in the north, there was the kingdom of Northumbria, which had not yet yielded to the power of the princes of Wessex. At this time Sigtric, grandson of Regnar Lodbrok, was king of Northumbria. As far as from the facts which the chronicles of those times have handed down to us we can speculate on the political intentions of Athelstan, it would seem that he contemplated nothing less than to make himself master of the whole island of Britain, not excepting the parts which formed the kingdom of Scotland. If, however, these were his intentions, he did not succeed. But he gained territory from the chiefs who held Cornwall, and tribute, if not territory, from Hoel the then sovereign of Wales. The chroniclers represent him as permitting Hoel still to reign, and saying that it was more glorious to make kings than to be a king.

In respect of the northern powers, after some successful attacks upon Sigtric, he consented to terms of peace, and even gave one of his sisters in marriage to that king. Sigtric, however, soon died, when Athelstan, without a shadow of right, seized upon his dominions; Anlaff, the son of Sigtric, and another son, being compelled to abandon the island. Thus was Northumbria brought under the sovereignty of the kings of Wessex.

Neither Scotland, nor any other of the neighbouring states which still maintained a political independence, saw with satisfaction the growing power of Athelstan; and Anlaff, the exiled son of Sigtric, made every exertion to

regain the sceptre which had been forcibly wrested from | tion and improvement in respect of her internal affairs. him. A large portion of the inhabitants of Northumbria were of the race called Danes, in contradistinction to the Saxons. They yielded on that account the more reluctantly to their new master. There was a national sympathy and community of interest with the Danes and Northmen generally: of which Anlaff took advantage, and prevailed with them to send a very powerful force to assist him in re-establishing the Northumbrian sovereignty. A great effort was at that time made against Athelstan by all the neighbouring states-the Welsh, the Scots, and, the Irish, all combining to assist Anlaff.

ATHENÆUS, a Greek writer, probably contemporary with Archimedes. A work by him on engines of war (IIepi unxavnμárwv) is extant, and printed in the collection of Thevenot. This work is addressed to M. Marcellus, supposed to be the conqueror of Syracuse.

company we find Ulpian the lawyer, Galen the physician, Rufinus of Nicæa, and many others. (See the Greek Preface to the work.) Athenæus intended to give his work a dramatic character, something like the dialogues of Plato, but in this he altogether failed; and, as far as regards dramatic effect, the Deipnosophists has very little merit. The long ATHENA'GORAS, of Athens, was a Christian philoquotations continually introduced necessarily destroy all the sopher, who wrote an apology for the Christians to the form of dialogue, which is very imperfectly kept up by the Emperor Marcus Aurelius and his son Commodus. Hence occasional introduction of one of the guests' names, and his we infer that Athenagoras lived in the latter half of the propounding some point of inquiry (see vi. 228, &c.), which second century, and that he composed his apology about invariably leads to a long dissertation and numerous quota- A.D. 177. (See Mosheim De Vera Etate Apologetici quem tions from the comic writers and other poets, which make us | Athenag. pro Christianis scripsit in Dissert. ad Hist. Eccl. entirely forget the speaker. The subjects discussed are pertin. Ed. 3. vol. 1. p. 269, et seq.) The apology of Athenachiefly those which concern the pleasures of the table and of goras bears the title of рeoßeía, petition, which has been imthe senses, but the whole is intermingled with so many inte- properly translated Legatio, and embassy. This apology is a resting facts and copious extracts from writers now lost, that well-digested and eloquently-written treatise. Athenagoras the work altogether forms one of the most valuable books demands toleration for the Christians, and defends their that has been preserved for the illustration of antient man- doctrine and their lives against the then usual accusations ners. It seems as if Athenæus, who must have been a of atheism, incest, eating of the flesh of slaughtered chilprodigious reader, intended to make his work a receptacle dren, &c. He proves the unity of God, according to the for all the curious facts that he had found in the course of materialism of his age, by assuming the diffusion of his his studies, and for such extracts from antient writers as essence through space; but he expressly distinguishes God either bore upon some particular point or had given him from matter. His explanation of the Trinity is based upon pleasure. From the variety of matter which the work of the doctrine of emanation. He says that the Holy Ghost Athenæus contains, it bears some resemblance to the Na- proceeds from God like a ray from the sun, and returns to tural History of Pliny (though it differs essentially in plan), | him. (Edit. Maran. p. 287.) He declares second marriage and, like that multifarious compilation, it would require the to be adultery. The treatise of Athenagoras on the Resurlabour of many men of various kinds of acquirements to rection of the Dead is in some degree connected with the illustrate it completely. It is however in a great degree a conclusion of his Petition. Athenagoras, in his book on the treatise on the antient gastronomy, and must supply the Resurrection, shows the necessity of having the mind freed place of the complete work of Archestratus on that noble from prejudice in order to arrive at truth; refutes the obscience. The work of Archestratus, which was entitled jections made against the resurrection, and confirms it by Gastronomia, was written in hexameter verse, and is only argument. Those who deny the resurrection should prove known from the extracts in Athenæus. (29, 111, &c.) either that God cannot bring it to pass, or that he uall not. If he cannot do it, it must be either because he lacks skill to plan, or power to effect it; but his formation of the human body refutes these suppositions. If he have power but will not do it, then it must be because it would be unjust in itself, or unworthy of the divine nature; but neither of these can ever be proved. He has some curious speculations on the identity of the human body, which, on three grounds, he argues will be raised again to life :- 1. from the design of man's creation; 2. from the nature of man as an accountable being; 3. and from God's justice as a rewarder of good and evil.' (See Clarke's Succession of Sacred Literature, London, 1830, p. 108-111.) Semler made a fruitless attempt to impugn the authenticity of the Petition; but the objected quotations from the Prophets, and We may form some estimate of the value of the work of from heathen mythology, as well as the title of philosopher, Athenæus from this fact, that he had read and made ex-given to the emperor, are quite appropriate in a Christian tracts from eight hundred plays belonging to the middle apology of the second century. Philippus Sidetes, an comedy; he quotes above fifteen hundred lost works, and ecclesiastical writer, who lived about A. D. 420 at Constanthe names of about seven hundred writers, many of which, tinople, relates that Athenagoras was converted by reading but for him, would be entirely unknown.' (Schoell, von Dr. the Holy Scriptures for the purpose of confuting ChrisM. Pinder, vol. ii. p. 509.) This work is often of great tianity; that he continued to wear the philosophic mantle; value as incidentally giving information on many dubious and that he was the first teacher of the catechetic school at points of history, and also the means of illustrating the Alexandria. Sidetes also asserts that Clemens of Alexhistory of antient art. [See APELLES, ARSINOE.] The andria was the disciple of Athenagoras. Mosheim calls general accuracy of the quotations and references of Athe-him an eclectic philosopher, whilst Lange and others say næus, as far as we can check him by existing works, is an argument in favour of the value of those extracts from

The first book of the Deipnosophists begins with a panegyric on the host Laurentius, records the names, with anecdotes, of some of the most distinguished worthies in the gastronomic art, such as Apicius [see APICIUS], and treats of the praise of wine, &c. The subject of wine is continued in the second book, which contains at the end a great deal of curious matter about fruits and vegetables which are suitable for food. The third book, which, with the exception of the first part, seems to be in its genuine form, contains a delicious dissertation on figs, apples, shell-fish, and other matters relating to eatables, the whole interspersed, as usual, with numerous quotations from the poets. We must refer the reader to the original for the varied contents of the following books.

works that are now lost.

The first edition of Athenæus is that of Aldus, Venice, 1514, folio, which was got up with the assistance of M. Musurus. That of Casaubon was first published at Geneva, 1597, folio. The commentary was not published till 1600, at Lyons. This edition was afterwards reprinted.

The edition of J. Schweighäuser, which appeared at Strasburg, 1801-1807, 14 vols. 8vo., was founded on a collation of two new MSS., one of which appears to be the original of all the MSS. of Athenæus now known. It is objected to this edition, that Schweighäuser made very little use of the corrections on Athenæus by various scholars, which are scattered through different works, and paid no attention to correcting the metrical errors which abound in the MSS. of this author. There are corrections of numerous passages in Athenæus in Porson's Adversaria, Meineke's Cura Critica, Dobree's Adversaria, &c.

The last and best editior. of Athenæus is by W. Dindorf, Leipzig, 1827, 3 vols. 8vo. There is a French translation of Athenæus by the Abbé Marolles, Paris, 1680, 4to; and another by Lefebvre de Villebrune, Paris, 1785-91, 5 vols. 4to., said (Biog. Univ.) to be very bad.

that Athenagoras was the first who applied Platonism to Christianity. It however seems certain that Athenagoras was among the first who philosophised about Christianity.

The older editions of his writings are specified in Fabricii Bibliotheca Græca, vol. v. p. 86, et seq.; and in Oudin. Comment. de Script. Eccl. vol. i. p. 203, et seq. The best are Ath. Legatio pro Christ. et Resurr. Mort. Gr. et Lat., edited by Henry Stephens, 1557, 8vo.: by Ed. Dechair. Ox. 1706, 8, with notes of Gesner and others; reprinted also in Gallandi Bibl. pp. t. ii. ; and in Justin Martyr's Works, by the Benedictins, 1742, fol., with a very good introduction: Ath. Deprecatio, vulgo Legatio, pr. Christ. Gr. c. ind. et (valuable) not. by Lindner, 1774, 8: Legat. et de Resurrectione ob. Oberthür, Gr. et Lat. 8vo. Wirreb, 1777, with Tatian, Theophilus, and Hermias: The most excellent Discourse of the Christian philosopher Athenagoras touching the Resurrection of the Dead; Englished from the Greek (he should have said Latin) of Peter Nannius by Richard Porder, 8vo. Lond. 1573: The Apologetics of Athenagoras,-1, For the Christian religion; 2, For the truth of the Resurrection, &c., by David Humphreys, 8vo. Lond. 1714. Several extracts of both pieces are translated in Dr. Lardner's Credibility of the Gospel History. In 1599 a romance, pretended to be translated from an original

ATH

work of Athenagoras, was printed at Paris by Daniel Guillemot: it was entitled Du Vrai et Parfait Amour, écrit en Grec, contenant les amours honnêtes de Theogene et Charide,' &c.

ATHE'NE, or ATHENA, the Goddess of Wisdom, of Arts, and of Sciences, among the Greeks; known to the Romans as Minerva. The Greeks seem to have included under this name several divinities of a perfectly distinct origin-a goddess of Libya, the daughter of Neptune and of the nymph Tritonis (Herodot. iv. 180), or of Terra, brought forth on the banks of the river Triton in Libya (Diodor. iii. 69); but the one best known to us is the divinity worshipped by the Athenians, and, as it would appear, brought from Egypt, at least if we may judge from some of the symbols with which her statue was adorned: she had a sphinx on Plato (Timæus. Opera, vol. iii. her helmet and at her feet. p. 21) tells us that she was called Neith by the Egyptians; and Eratosthenes, in his Catalogue of the Kings of Thebes (Euseb. Chron. p. 21), says, that Nitocris' may be translated into Greek by Athene Nikephoros.'

9

According to Homer she was the daughter of Zeus; but there is no allusion in either the Iliad or Odyssey to the fable of her having sprung forth completely armed from the brain of that god: it appears, however, in the Hymn to Athene, usually ascribed to Homer. A scholiast on Apollonius (Argon. iv. 1310) remarks, that this fable first made its appearance in Stesichorus (who died B.C. 553), and the Hymn therefore must be of a comparatively recent date. In the legend of Hesiod (Theogon. 885-889), Jupiter is made to devour his wife Metis, and in process of time Athene is the result of this strange union. She seems to have participated in many of the attributes of her father: she had the power of hurling the thunderbolts of Jupiter, of prolonging the life of man, and of conferring the gift of prophecy. In the battle with the giants, she overwhelmed Enceladus with Sicily; she assisted at the building of the ship Argo, and a wooden figure of Athene graced the prow of the vessel; she assisted Hercules; gave the art of prophecy to Tiresias, and immortality to Tydeus, though she afterwards deprived him of it. She was one of the three goddesses who submitted their beauty to the decision of Paris, and she disputed with Neptune the honour of giving name to the new city of Cecrops. [See ATHENS, p. 14.] The contest was decided in her favour by the production of an olive tree, and the city was hence called Athenæ. (Apollodor. Biblioth. iii. 14.) According to Diodorus (i. 12), the Egyptians gave this name to the Goddess of the Air, and she was thought to be the daughter of Zeus, because the air is not naturally subject to corruption; and was sprung from his brain, because it occupies the highest parts of the world. She was called Glaucopis (blue-eyed), because the air is of a bluish colour. The serpent, the owl, and the cock, were sacred to her; and, among plants, the olive. She was worshipped in all parts of Greece, but the most celebrated temple was at Athens [see PARTHENON], in which there was an ivory statue of colossal size by Phidias.

ATH

and lasted from the year B.C. 102 to 99. By birth he was
a Cilician he had acquired considerable reputation for
skill in divination by the stars; and we may conjecture that
his talents were of an uncommon order, not so much from
the short-lived prosperity which he enjoyed, as from the un-
usual tenor of his policy. He filled the station of steward
or overseer to two wealthy brothers, and, after the insurrec-
tion had commenced in other parts of Sicily, began his
career by gaining over the slaves under his own charge, to
the number of 200. Other slaves flocked to his standard
from neighbouring properties, so that within five days his
followers amounted to 1000 men. He then assumed the title
and state of a king; and his measures were such as show
a reflecting mind, well adapted to command. He did not
freely receive into his ranks all persons who presented
themselves; but selected for soldiers those who were best
suited to bear arms, and made all others labour at their re-
spective callings: so that he avoided the disorder incident
to a tumultuary and ill-provided force, and was always
abundantly supplied with necessaries. He also carefully
guarded against wanton ravage by a judicious use of his
prophetic powers: for he assured his followers that he was
destined to reign over Sicily, and that it was wise to pre-
serve uninjured the land and its produce, as part of their
In this attempt he
own future wealth. He soon collected 10,000 followers, with
whom he laid siege to Lilyboum.
failed; but by good management this check was made to in-
crease his power over his followers, by verifying his powers
of divination. Another slave-leader, named Salvius, at the
head of a superior force of 30,000 men, now assumed the title
of king, and fixed his residence at Triocala. He summoned
Athenion to serve under his command, and it was now
hoped that discord would render these formidable insurgents
an easier conquest. But the prudence of Athenion disap-
pointed these hopes; and he wisely joined Salvius, who
had assumed the name of Tryphon. Tryphon soon con-
ceived a jealousy for his new associate, whom he impri-
soned; but he was glad to release and restore him to his
command, when Licinius Lucullus, with an army of 16,000
or 17,000 men, was sent by the Senate to bring the war to
a conclusion. By Athenion's advice a battle was risked
near Scirthæa, in which the insurgents were defeated, and
Athenion severely wounded. Lucullus then laid siege to
Triocala, in which he met with no success. He was super-
seded by L. Servilius, who did no better; and both those
generals were banished for their misconduct or ill-success.
On the death of Tryphon, Athenion succeeded him, and, un-
checked by Servilius, extended his ravages over great part
of Sicily.

These events must have occurred in quick succession to be comprehended (as they are by Mr. Clinton) in the year B.C. 101. In B.C. 102, C. Marius and Manius Aquilius were consuls, and the province of Sicily fell to the latter. He won a decisive victory, in which Athenion himself fell. The inpursued, and reduced them severally to submission. Thus surgents dispersed to their strong holds, whither Aquilius ended the Servile War in Sicily, in the fourth year, B.C. 99. This desperate insurrection, in the course of which six Roman armies suffered defeat (Florus, iii. 19), is not a solitary Florus varies from the account here given from Diodorus. instance of the danger consequent on a servile population. He says, that Aquilius hemmed in the slaves, and reduced them by famine; and that at last they perished by their own hands rather than surrender. The account of Diodorus is the more likely. (Diod. Ecloga, lib. xxxvi. 1; Florus, iii. 19.)

The statues of the goddess, called Palladia, exhibited her in very antient times with upraised shield and poised spear, ready to engage in battle; sometimes, as symbols of her peaceful character, she had in her left hand the spindle and distaff. A stiffly-folded peplum was thrown over her chiton (tunic), and she was armed with an immense ægis, which sometimes served as a shield, and sometimes was so contrived as to cover both the breast and back. The outline of the body exhibits none of the fulness of woman in the hips ATHENION, son of a Peripatetic philosopher of the and breasts, while the form of the bones, arms, and back, But the age of Phidias changed resembles that of man. considerably the antient characteristic marks of the different same name, by an Egyptian slave. He was manumitted; gods, and from that time Athene was distinguished by her kept a school in Athens, where he was naturalized; asunclouded forehead, her long and well-formed nose, by the sumed the name of Aristion, and ultimately became tyrant somewhat firm compression of the mouth and cheeks, the of Athens. He espoused the interests of Mithridates, and strongly marked and almost angular chin, the half-closed in concert with Archelaus, the king of Pontus's general, eyes, and by the hair streaming carelessly over her neck. held out the city against Sulla, who finally put him to death. ATHENION, a painter, born at Maronea in Thrace, and There are many representations of the goddess in sculpture, [See SULLA : his history is given by Athenæus, V. c. 48. 53.] on coins, &c. still extant; and numerous examples are pointed out by Müller in his Archäologie der Kunst, where pupil of Glaucion of Corinth. Pliny gives him the extrathe subject will be found fully treated. A fragment, sup-ordinary praise, that if he had lived to maturity, no one posed to belong to the statue of Athene, which was in one of the pediments of the Parthenon, is now in the Elgin Collection of the British Museum. (See also Creuzer, Symbolik, vol. ii. p. 399.) [For the Italian goddess, see MINERVA.]

ATHENION, a Sicilian slave, one of the principal actors in the second Servile war which broke out in Sicily,

would have been worthy to be compared to him.' (Hist. Nat. xxxv. 40. ed. Delph.)

ATHENION, a comic poet. Athenæus gives a long extract from his Samothracians, lib. xxiv. c. 80.

ATHENRY, or ATHENREE, a town in Ireland, in VOL. III.-C the county of Galway, which, before the Union, returned