Α δ' Αρτεμις, ὦ κόραι, φεύγοισα τὸν ̓Αλφεόν. Epidaurus Ausius." (Comp. Müller, Anc. Art and its Rem. § 394.) [L. S.] TELE'SPHORUS (Teλeopópos), a general in The metre is an Ionic a Majore Dimeter Catalectic, the service of Antigonus, the king of Asia, who the terminal metre being Trochaic. or, as Hephaestion, who quotes the passage, calls it, an Ionic Hephthemimeral (p. 62, ed. Gaisford, comp. p. 26), and it confirms the statement of the writer on music, appended to Censorinus (c. 9), that Telesilla went further than Alcman in breaking up the strophes into short verses. (Fulv. Ursin. Carm. novem illustr. Femin. Antwerp, 1568, 8vo. pp. 49, foll.; Wolfius, Poetriarum Fragmenta, Hamb. 1734 and 1735, 4to., with the preliminary Dissertation of Olearius; Telesillae Frag. in the Program. Acad. Upsal. 1826, 8vo.; Schneidewin, Delect. Poes. Graec. p. 374; Bergk, Poet. Lyr. Graec. pp. 742, 743; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 157; Bode, Gesch. d. Hellen. Dichtkunst, vol. ii. pt. 2, pp. 118, foll.) [P.S.] TELESINUS, C. LUCIUS, consul A. D. 66 with Suetonius Paulinus. He is praised by Philostratus as a philosopher, and was, in consequence of his love of philosophy, banished by Domitian. (Tac. Ann. xvi. 14; Dion Cass. lxiii. 1; Philostrat. Vit. Apoll. iv. 40, vii. 11, viii. 12.) TELESINUS, PONTIUS. [PONTIUS.] TELESIPPA (Teλéσinna), a lyric poetess of Lesbos, and one of the friends of Sappho. (Suid.; comp. SAPPHO, p. 703.) [P.S. TE'LESIS (Téλeois), of Methymna, an epic poet, not mentioned by any of the ancient authors, but referred to on the Borghese tablet as the author of a Titanomachia (Weichert, über Apollon. Rhod. p. 197; Bode, Gesch. d. Hellen. Dichtkunst, vol. i. p. 396). [P.S.] TELESON and MNASITI MUS (Teλéσwv, Mvaoiriuos), are names belonging to a family of Rhodian artists, with whom we have become acquainted through the inscriptions recently discovered by professor Ross in the Acropolis of Lindos, in Rhodes, from two of which we learn that Mnasitimus, the son of Teleson, made a bronze statue of Onomastus in Lindos, and Mnasitimus and Teleson together made a bronze statue of Callicrates. Ross supposes that the Mnasitimus of both inscriptions was the same person, and that, as the former Teleson was the father, so the latter Teleson was the son, of Mnasitimus, chiefly because, in the second inscription, the name of Mnasitimus is put before that of Teleson. (Ross, Inschriften von Lindos auf Rhodos, Nos. 5, 6, in the Rhein. Mus. 1846, vol. iv. pp. 171-173.) From the same source we learn that there was a statuary Mnasitimus, the son of Aristonidas, as Ross, with great probability, completes the name, the inscription giving only. NAZITIMOZAPITO ; and it is most likely that we have here the very artist whom Pliny mentions only as a painter. (H. N. xxxv. 11. s. 40. § 42; Ross, l. c. No. 11, pp. 180, 181). [P. S.] TELE'SPHORUS (Teλeopópos), that is, "the completing," is the name of a medical divinity who is mentioned now and then in connection with Asclepius. Pausanias (ii. 11. § 7) says: "In the sanctuary of Asclepius at Titane sacrifices are of fered to Enamerion, to whom a statue is there erected; and, if I am not mistaken, this Enamerion is called at Pergamus Telesphorus, and at was sent by him in B. c. 313, with a fleet of fifty ships and a considerable army to the Peloponnese, to oppose the forces of Polysperchon and Cassander. His arms were at first very successful; he drove out the Macedonian garrisons from all the cities of the peninsula, except Sicyon and Corinth, which were held by Polysperchon himself; but having joined with Medius in an attempt to relieve Oreus, to which Cassander had laid siege, they were defeated, with the loss of several ships. (Diod. xix, 74, 75.) The following summer (B. c. 312) Antigonus having conferred the chief direction of the war in the Peloponnese upon his nephew Ptolemy, Telesphorus was so indignant that he shook off his allegiance, and having induced some of his soldiers to follow him, established himself in Elis on his own account, and even plundered the sacred treasures at Olympia. He was, however, soon after, induced to submit to Ptolemy. (Id. ib. 87.) [E. H. B.] TELESTAS or TELESTES (Teλéoras, Teλéσrns). 1. A dancer, employed in the tragedies of Aeschylus; of whom Athenaeus (i. p. 22, a.) relates that his skill was so great, that, in the representation of the Seven against Thebes, he made the actions manifest by his mimetic dancing, no doubt as leader of the chorus. (Müller, Hist. Lit. of Greece, vol. i. p. 314.) 2. Of Selinus, a distinguished poet of the later Athenian dithyramb, is mentioned by Diodorus Siculus (xiv. 46) as flourishing at Ol. 95. 3, B. C. 398, with Philoxenus, Timotheus, and Polyeidus; and this date is confirmed by the Parian Marble (Ep. 66), according to which Telestes gained a dithyrambic victory in B. c. 401. (Comp. Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. s. aa. 401, 398). He is also mentioned by Plutarch (Alex. 8), who states that Alexander had the dithyrambs of Telestes and Philoxenus sent to him in Asia. He is also referred to by the comic poet Theopompus, in his Althaea (Ath. xi. p. 501, f.; Meineke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. ii. p. 793, where Meineke promises some future remarks upon the poet). Aristoxenus wrote a life of him, which is quoted by Apollonius Dyscolus (Hist. Mirab. 40, in Westermann's Paradoxographi, p. 113); and Aristratus, the tyrant of Sicyon, erected a monument to his memory, adorned with paintings by Nicomachus. (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 10. s. 36. § 22, where the common reading is Telesti, not Telestae; NICOMACHUS). The only remains of the poetry of Telestes are some interesting lines preserved by Athenaeus (xiv. pp. 616, foll., 626, a., 637, a), from which we learn that the following were among the titles of his pieces, 'Apyw, 'Aσkλnwiós, "Tuévalos; and also that, in his poetry, he praised the music of the flute, and opposed the poet Melanippides respecting the subject of the rejection of that instru ment by Athena. These fragments have been metrically analyzed by Böckh (de Metr. Pind. pp. 274, foll.). From the description of Dionysius (C. V. 19), his style appears to have been a mixture of bold and lofty with soft and complex rhythms, passing from one to the other by the most abrupt transitions. The statement of Suidas, that he was a comic poet, is a mere blunder. Athenaeus, whom Suidas avowedly copies, does not specify the kind of his poetry, no doubt because every well-informed person knew that he was a dithyrambic poet; and b.] dering his whole force to charge, advanced too TE'LINES (Tηλívns), an ancestor of Gelon, tyrant of Syracuse. On one occasion, some citizens of Gela having been banished by the opposite faction, Telines, appealing to the religious awe inspired by the infernal deities (Demeter probably and Proserpine), induced their countrymen to receive them back again. For this he was made hierophant of the goddesses mentioned, and transmitted the dignity to his children. Herodotus tells us that tradition spoke of Telines as an effeminate man. (Herod. vii. 153.) [E. E.] TELLEN OF TELLIS (Τέλλην, Τέλλι), a wretched flute-player and lyric poet, in the time of Epaminondas. (Plut. Reg. et Imp. Apopththeg. p. 193, f.) His name passed into the proverb, beide тà Téλλnvos, mentioned by Zenobius, who says, however, that the songs of Tellen were well composed and graceful, but jocose and licentious, (Zenob. Prov. i. 45, ii. 15; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 158). [P.S.] TE'LLIAS (TEλλías). 1. Of Elis, a distinguished seer, was one of the commanders of the Phocians in a war against the Thessalians a few years before the invasion of Greece by Xerxes. After the defeat of the Thessalians his statue was erected by the Phocians in the temple at Delphi. (Herod. viii. 27; Paus. x. 1. § 8—11, x. 13. §7.) 2. One of the generals of the Syracusans, when their city was besieged by the Athenians during the Pelopennesian war. (Thuc. vi. 103.) 3. A citizen of Agrigentum, usually called Gellias. [GELLIAS.] TELEUTIAS (Teλeurías), a Spartan, was brother on the mother's side to Agesilaus II., by whose influence he was appointed to the command of the fleet, in B. c. 393, in the war of the Lacedaemonians against Corinth and the other states of the hostile league. In this capacity, in the same year, he recovered from the Corinthians the mastery of the Corinthian gulf, and sailed up to Lechaeum, where he co-operated with the land force under Agesilaus, and took the ships and docks of the enemy. In B. c. 390, he was sent to Asia to supersede Ecdicus as admiral [ECDICUS]. On his | arrival at Samos he added some vessels to his squadron, sailed on to Cnidus, where he received the fleet from Ecdicus, and then proceeded towards Rhodes. On his voyage he fell in with and captured ten Athenian triremes, which were on their way to Cyprus under the command of Philocrates, to aid Evagoras against the king of Persia [PHILOCRATES, No. 2]. Hereupon the Athenians sent out Thrasybulus, with forty ships, to act against Teleutias, especially in the support of the democratic party at Rhodes; but Thrasybulus, on his arrival at that island, found that his friends there were strong enough to be able to dispense with his assistance, while, on the other hand, he could not hope to effect much against the opposite party, aided as it was by the Lacedaemonians. He therefore proceeded to the Hellespont, and Teleutias meanwhile remained in the south, where we find him, in B. c. 388, bringing effectual assistance to the Aeginetans, whom a body of Athenians, under Pamphilus, were annoying from a fortified post which they had established and occupied in the island while the Athenian fleet was blockading the coast. Teleutias chased away the enemy's ships, 2. Lyric poet and musician. [TELLEN]. [P.S] but Pamphilus still continued to hold the fort, TELLUS, another form for terra, the name and shortly after this Teleutias was superseded by under which the earth was personified among the Hierax, having endeared himself to his men during Romans, as Ge was among the Greeks. She is his command, in a very remarkable manner, as often mentioned in contrast with Jupiter, the god they showed by their enthusiastic testimonies of of heaven, and connected with Dis and the Manes. attachment to him on his departure. In B. c. 382 When an oath was taken by Tellus, or the gods of he was appointed general against the Olynthians, the nether world, people stretched their hands and it was chiefly his high reputation and his po- downward, just as they turned them upwards in pular character which induced the allies of Sparta swearing by Jupiter. (Varro, de Re Rust. i. 1, 15; to furnish zealously their contingents for the war. Macrob. Sat. iii. 9; Liv. viii. 9, x. 29.) During He further obtained the assistance of Amyntas II., the war against the Picentians, an earthquake king of Macedonia, and of Derdas, prince of Ely- having been felt during the battle, the consul P. mia, from the latter of whom, in particular, he Sempronius Sophus caused a temple of Tellus to be received valuable co-operation. He did not, how- built on the spot where the house of Spurius Casever gain any decided advantage over the enemy sius had stood, in the street leading to the Carinae. in his first campaign, while in the next year (B. C. (Liv. ii. 41; Flor. i. 19. §2; Val. Max. vi. 3. 381), in the closing scene of his life, he somewhat § 1; Dionys. viii. 79; Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 6, 14.) tarnished the reputation he had acquired as a A festival was celebrated in honour of Tellus on the general. A body of his targeteers having been 15th of April, which was called Fordicidia or Horrouted, and their commander slain by the Olyn-dicalia, from hordus or fordus, a bearing cow. (Ov. thian cavalry, Teleutias lost his temper, and, or- Fast. iv. 633; Arnob. vii. 22; Horat. Epist. ii. 1. VOL. III. TELLIS (TEXAS). 1. The great grandfather of the poet Archilochus, was the reputed founder in conjunction with Cleoboea, of the mysteries of Demeter at Thasos; and was introduced in that character, in the great painting of the world below, by Polygnotus, in the Lesche at Delphi (Paus. x. 28. § 1. s. 3.) 3 s 143.) In private life sacrifices were offered to Tellus at the time of sowing and at harvest-time, especially when a member of the family had died without due honours having been paid to him, for it was Tellus that had to receive the departed into her bosom. (Ov. Fast. iv. 629, &c.) At the festival of Tellus, and when sacrifices were offered to her, the priests also prayed to a male divinity of the earth, called Tellumo. (Varro, ap. August. de Civ. Dei, vii. 23.) [L. S.] TELMI'SSIUS (Teλulooios), a surname of Apollo derived from the Lycian town of Telmissus or Telmessus. (Cic. de Div. i. 41; Steph. Byz. S. v. Yaλeŵtai; Strab. xv. p. 665.) [L. S.] TELPHU'SA (Teλpovσσa or Téλpovra). 1. A daughter of Ladon, a nymph from whom the town of Telphusa in Arcadia derived its name. (Steph. Byz. s. v.) Telphussaea or Tilphussaea | occurs as a surname of Demeter Erinnys, derived from a town Telphussion. (Schol. ad Soph. Antig. 117; Callim. Fragm. 207, ed. Bentley.) [L. S.] TELYS (TAus), a citizen of Sybaris, who raised himself to the tyranny by the arts of a demagogue, and persuaded the people to banish 500 of the richest citizens, and to confiscate their property. The exiles having taken refuge at Crotona, Telys sent to demand that they should be given up, but, if we may believe Diodorus, Pythagoras prevailed on the Crotoniats to persevere in protecting them. The consequence was the war between Sybaris and Crotona, in which the former was destroyed, B. c. 510. (Herod. v. 44 ; Diod. xii. 9.) In opposition to the above statement, Heracleides of Pontus (ap. Athen. xii. p. 521) represents the tyranny of Telys as overthrown by the Sybarites before the fatal war with Crotona. In this revolution, he tells us, they were guilty of great cruelty, massacring all the adherents of Telys even at the altars, so that the statue of Hera turned aside in horror and anger, and a fountain of blood gushed forth from the earth, which nothing but walls of brass could check. The destruction of their city followed as their punishment. [E. E.] TEME NIDAE. [TEMENUS, No. 3.] TEMENITES (Teμevirns), a surname of Apollo, derived from his sacred temenus in the neighbourhood of Syracuse. (Steph. Byz. s. v. ; Sueton. Tib. 74 ; Thục. vi. 75, 100.) [L. S.] TE'MENUS (Thμevos). 1. A son of Pelasgus, educated Hera at Stymphalus in Arcadia. (Paus. viii. 22. §2.) 2. A son of Phegeus. (Paus. viii. 24. § 4.) 3. A son of Aristomachus, one of the Heracleidae. He was the father of Ceisus, Cerynes, Phalces, Agraeus, and Hyrnetho. (Paus. ii. 28; Apollod. ii. 8. §2.) He was one of the leaders of the Heracleidae into Peloponnesus, and, after the conquest of the peninsula, he received Argos as his share. (Apollod. ii. 8. § 4, &c.; Plat. Min. p. 683, b. ; Strab. viii. p. 389.) His tomb was shown at Temenion near Lerna. (Paus. ii. 38. § 1.) His descendants, the Temenidae, being expelled from Argos, are said to have founded the kingdom of Macedonia, whence the kings of Macedonia called themselves Temenidae. (Herod .viii. 138; Thuc. ii. 99.) [L. S.] TEMPA'NIUS, SEX., one of the officers of the cavalry under the consul C. Sempronius Atratinus, in the war against the Volscians, B. C. 423. It was chiefly through the exertions of Tempanius that the Roman army was saved from defeat; and the people out of gratitude elected him tribune of the plebs in the following year. When one of his colleagues L. Hortensius attempted to bring Sempronius to trial for his misconduct in the war, Tempanius generously came forward in defence of his former commander. (Liv. iv. 38-42; comp. Val. Max. vi. 5. § 2.) TEMPSA'NUS, L. POSTU'MIUS, praetor B. C. 185, received Tarentum as his province, and proceeded with great vigour against the shepherds who had been plundering the surrounding country. He condemned as many as 7000 men. He was continued in his post the following year, that he might entirely crush the insurrection of the shepherds, and likewise apprehend those persons who had taken part in the Bacchanalia at Rome, and who had fled for refuge to that part of Italy. (Liv. xxxix. 23, 29, 41.) TE NERUS (Tévepos), a soothsayer, a son of Apollo by Melia, and a brother of Ismenius. (Paus. ix. 10. § 5, 26. §1; Strab. ix. p. 413; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. xi. 5.) [L. S.] TENES or TENNES (Thvvns), a son of Cycnus, the king of Colone in Troas, and Procleia, or, according to others, a son of Apollo, and brother of Hemithea. After the death of Procleia, Cycnus married Philonome, a daughter of Craugasus or Traganasus. She fell in love with her stepson; and as she was unable to win the love of Tenes, she accused him before his father of improper conduct towards her. Cycnus accordingly threw both his son and daughter into a chest, and exposed them on the waves of the sea. But the chest was driven on the coast of the island of Leucophrys, which Tenes, after his own name, called Tenedos, after its inhabitants had chosen him for their king. Cycnus at length heard of the innocence of his son, killed Philonome, and went to his children in Tenedos, where both he and Tenes were slain by Achilles, who, on his voyage to Troy, made a landing on Tenedos. But Tenes was afterwards worshipped as a hero in Tenedos. (Paus. x. 14. § 2; Diod. v. 83; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 232; Strab. xiv. p. 640.) According to Pausanias, Tenes did not allow his father to land in Tenedos, but cut off the rope with which Cycnus had fastened his ship to the coast. (Comp. Steph. Byz. s. v. Tévedus.) The death of Tenes by Achilles also is related differently, for once, it is said, when Achilles was pursuing the sister of Tenes in Tenedos, Tenes, endeavouring to stop him, was slain by Achilles, who did not know that Tenes was a son of Apollo. (Plut. Quaest. Graec. 28; Tzetz. l. c.) In the temple of Tenes in Tenedos, it was not allowed to mention the name of Achilles, nor was any fluteplayer permitted to enter it, because the flute-player Molpus had borne false witness against Tenes to please his step-mother Philonome. (Plut. and Diod. l. c.) [L.S.] TE NICHOS or TY'NNICHOS, an artist of unknown time, and perhaps only a mythological name, mentioned on an inscription quoted by Procopius (Bell. Goth. iv. 22, p. 355. 4, ed. Hoeschel), as occurring on a monument ascribed by local tradition, and by the inscription itself, to Agamemnon (See Welcker, Sylloge, No. 182, p. 226; R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schorn, p. 413, 2d ed.) [P.S.] TENNES (Tévns), king of Sidon in the revolt of Phoenicia against Artaxerxes III. He betrayed the town to Artaxerxes, but was notwithstanding put to death by the Persian king, B. C. 351. The Sidonians, however, resolving not to fall into the power of the king, set the town on fire and perished in the flames. (Diod. xvi. 41— 45.) TERAMBUS (Tépaucos), a son of Euseirus and Eidothea. Once he was tending his flocks on Mount Othrys in Melis, under the protection of the nymphs whom he delighted with his songs, for he was a distinguished musician, and played both the syrinx and the lyre. Pan advised him to quit Mount Othrys, because a very severe winter was coming on. Terambus, however, did not follow the advice, and went so far in his insolence as to revile even the nymphs, saying that they were not daughters of Zeus. The predicted cold at length came, and, while all his flocks perished, Terambus himself was metamorphosed by the nymphs into a beetle called kepάuevg. (Anton. Lib. 22.) Ovid (Met. vii. 353) mentions one Cerambus on Mount Othrys, who escaped from the Deucalionian flood by means of wings which he had received from the nymphs. [L. S.] divorced Terentia in order to marry a young wife; but this was not the real reason. He hoped to pay off his debts with the fortune of Publilia. [PUB LILIA.] Terentia had a large property of her own, and Cicero now had to repay her dos, which he found great difficulty in doing, and it seems that Terentia never got it back. She was not paid at all events in the summer of B. c. 44 (Cic. ad Att. xvi. 15). Terentia could not have been less than 50 at the time of her divorce, and therefore it is not probable that she married again. It is related, indeed, by Jerome (in Jovin. i. p. 52, ed. Basil.), that she married Sallust the historian, and the enemy of Cicero, and subsequently Messala Corvinus; but these marriages are not mentioned by Plutarch or any other writer, and may therefore be rejected. Some modern writers speak even of a fourth marriage; since Dion Cassius (lvii. 15) says that Vibius Rufus, in the reign of Tiberius, married Cicero's widow; but if this is a fact, it must refer to Publilia and not to Terentia. Terentia is said to have attained the age of one hundred and three. (Plin. H. N. vii. 48. s. 49; Val. Max. viii. 13. § 6.) The life of Terentia is given at length by Drumann. (Geschichte Roms, vol. vi. pp. 685 2. Also called TERENTILLA, the wife of Maecenas. Dion Cassius (liv. 3) speaks of her as a sister of Murena and of Proculeius. The full name of this Murena was A. Terentius Varro Murena: he was perhaps the son of L. Licinius Murena, who was consul B. C. 62, and was adopted by A. Terentius Varro. Murena would thus have been the adopted brother of Terentia: Proculeius was probably only the cousin of Murena. [See Vol. III. p. 540, b.] TERENTIA. 1. The wife of M. Cicero. Her parentage is unknown. Her mother must have married twice, for she had a half-sister of the name of Fabia, who was a Vestal Virgin. This-694.) Fabia was charged with having had sexual intercourse with Catiline, who was brought to trial for the crime in B. c. 73, but was acquitted. (Ascon. in Cic. Corn. p. 93, ed. Orelli; Plut. Cat. min. 19; Sall. Cat. 15; Drumann, Geschichte Roms, vol. v. p. 392.) The year of Terentia's marriage with Cicero is not known, but as their daughter Tullia was married in B. c. 63, the marriage of her parents may probably be placed in 80 or 79. Terentia was a woman of sound sense and great resolution; and her firmness of character was of no small service to We know nothing of the early history of Teher weak and vacillating husband in some im- rentia, nor the time of her marriage with Maecenas. portant periods of his life. On his banishment in She was a very beautiful woman, and as licentious B. C. 58, Tullia by her letters endeavoured to keep as most of the Roman ladies of her age. She was up Cicero's fainting spirits, though to little pur- one of the favourite mistresses of Augustus ; and pose, and she vigorously exerted herself on his Dion Cassius relates (liv. 19) that there was a behalf among his friends in Italy. Cicero, how-report at Rome that the emperor visited Gaul in ever, appears to have taken offence at something she had done during his exile, for on his return to Italy in the following year he writes to Atticus praising the sympathy which his brother and his daughter had shown him, without mentioning Terentia (ad Att. iv. 2). During the civil war, Cicero bitterly complained that his wife did not furnish him and Tullia with money; but on his departure for Greece, he had left his affairs in the greatest confusion, and Terentia appears to have done the best she could under the circumstances. Cicero, however, threw all the blame upon his wife, and attributed his embarrassments to her extravagance and want of management. He had returned to Brundisium after the defeat of Pompey, ruined in his prospects, and fearing that he might not obtain forgiveness from Caesar. He was thus disposed to look at every thing in the worst light. When Terentia wrote to him proposing to join him at Brundisium, he replied in a few lines telling her not to come, as the journey was long and the roads unsafe, and she moreover could be of no use to him (Cic. ad Fam. xiv. 12). In the following year, B. c. 46, Cicero divorced Terentia, and shortly afterwards married Publilia, a young girl of whose property he had the management. This marriage occasioned great scandal at Rome. Antonius and other enemies of Cicero maintained that he had B. c. 16, simply to enjoy the society of Terentia unmolested by the lampoons which it gave occasion to at Rome. The intrigue between Augustus and Terentia is said by Dion Cassius to have disturbed the good understanding which subsisted between the emperor and his minister, and finally to have occasioned the disgrace of the latter. Maecenas however had not much right to complain of the conduct of his wife, for his own infidelities were notorious. But notwithstanding his numerous amours, Maecenas continued to his death deeply in love with his fair wife. Their quarrels, which were of frequent occurrence, mainly in consequence of the morose and haughty temper of Terentia, rarely lasted long, for the natural uxoriousness of Maecenas constantly prompted him to seek a reconciliation; so that Seneca says (Ep. 114) he married a wife a thousand times, though he never had more than one. Once indeed they were divorced, but Maecenas tempted her back by presents (Dig. 24. tit. 1. s. 64). Her influence over him was so great, that in spite of his cautious temper, he was on one occasion weak enough to confide to her an important state secret respecting the conspiracy of her brother Murena. (Dion Cass. liv. 3, 19, lv. 7 ; Suet. Aug. 66, 69; Frandsen, C. Cilnius Maecenas, pp. 132-136.) TERENTIA GENS, plebeian. The name was 12. SER. TERENTIUS, was a friend of D. Brutus, whom he pretended to be on the flight from Mutina, B. c. 43, in order to save the life of his friend; but he was recognised by the officer of Antony's cavalry, and preserved from death. (Val. Max. iv. 7. § 6.) said by Varro to be derived from the Sabine word | him in a letter to P. Silius. (Cic. ad Att. xi. 10, terenus, which signified "soft" (Macrob. Sat. ii. ad Fam. xiii. 65.) 9.) The Terentii are mentioned as early as B. C. 462, for the C. Terentillus Arsa, who was tribune of the plebs in that year (Liv. iii. 9), must have belonged to the gens; and indeed he is called C. Terentius by Dionysius (x. 1). The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was C. Terentius Varro, who commanded at the fatal battle of Cannae in B. c. 216; and persons of the name continue to be mentioned under the early emperors. The principal surnames of the Terentii during the republic are CULLEO, LUCANUS, and VARRO: there are a few others of less importance, which are given below under TERENTIUS. TERENTIA NUS MAURUS, a Roman poet, probably lived at the end of the first or the beginning of the second century under Nerva and Trajan, and is perhaps the same person as the Terentianus, the governor of Syene in Egypt, whose praises are celebrated by Martial (i. 87; comp. Wernsdorf, Poëtae Latini Minores, vol. ii. p. 259). Terentianus was a native of Africa, as we might have inferred from his surname Maurus. There is still extant a poem of Terentianus, intitled De Literis, Syllabis, Pedibus, Metris, which treats of prosody and the different kinds of metre with much elegance and skill. The work is printed in the collection of the ancient grammarians by Putschius, pp. 23832450, and in a separate form by Santen and Van Lennep, Traj. ad Rhen. 1825, and by Lachmann, Berol. 1836. TERENTILLA. [TERENTIA, No. 2.] TERENTILLUS. [TERENTIUS, No. 1.] TERENTIUS. 1. C. TERENTIUS ARSA, called TERENTILLUS by Livy, tribune of the plebs, B. c. 462, proposed that five commissioners should be appointed to draw up a body of laws to define the consular imperium. (Liv. iii. 9; Dionys. x. 1.) 2. Q. TERENTIUS, was sent by the senate, along with M. Antistius, to bring back the consul C. Flaminius to the city, but he refused to obey their summons. (Liv. xxi. 63.) 3. L. TERENTIUS MASSALIOTA, plebeian aedile, B. C. 200, and praetor B. c. 187, when he obtained Sicily as his province. (Liv. xxxi. 50, xxxviii. 42.) 4. L. TERENTIUS, one of the ambassadors sent to king Antiochus in B. c. 196. (Liv. xxxiii. 35.) 5. C. TERENTIUS ISTRA, praetor B. c. 182, obtained Sardinia as his province. In the following year he was one of the triumviri for founding a colony at Graviscae. (Liv. xxxix. 56, xl. 1, 29.) 6. L. TERENTIUS MASSALIOTA, probably a son of No. 3, was tribunus militum in B. c. 180. (Liv. xl. 35.) 7. P. TERENTIUS TUSCIVANUS, one of the ambassadors sent into Illyricum in B. c. 167. (Liv. xlv. 18.) 8. TERENTIUS VESPA, one of whose witticisms is quoted by Cicero in his De Oratore (ii. 61). 9. L. TERENTIUS, was the companion and tentmate of Cn. Pompeius, when the latter was serving under his father Strabo in B. c. 87, and was bribed by Cinna to kill Pompeius. (Plut. Pomp. 3.) 10. CN. TERENTIUS, a senator, into whose custody Caeparius, one of the Catilinarian conspirators, was given. (Sall. Cat. 47.) 11. P. TERENTIUS HISPO, a friend of Cicero, was promagister of the company of publicani, who farmed the taxes in Asia. Cicero recommended 13. M. TERENTIUS, a Roman eques, was accused, in A. D. 32, on account of his having been a friend of Sejanus. He defended himself with great courage, and was acquitted. (Tac. Ann. vi. 8, 9.) 14. TERENTIUS LENTINUS, a Roman eques, was privy to the forgery of Valerius Fabianus, and was in consequence condemned in A. D. 61. (Tac. Ann. xiv. 40.) 15. TERENTIUS, was said by some persons to have been the murderer of the emperor Galba. (Tac. Hist. i. 41; Plut. Galb. 27.) TERENTIUS CLEMENS. [CLEMENS.] TERENTIUS SCAURUS. [SCAURUS.] P. TERENTIUS AFER, was the second and the last of the Roman comic poets, of whose works more than fragments are preserved. The few particulars of his life were collected long after his decease, and are of very doubtful authority. It would therefore be to little purpose to repeat them without scrutiny or comment. We shall, in the first place, inquire who were the biographers of Terence, what they relate of him, and the consistency and credibility of their several accounts. We shall next briefly survey the comedies themselves, their reception at the time, their influence on dramatic literature, their translators and imitators, their commentators and bibliography. Our knowledge of Terence himself is derived principally from the life ascribed to Donatus or Suetonius, and from two scanty memoirs, or collections of Scholia, the one published in the seventeenth century, by Abraham Gronovius, from an Oxford MS., and the other by Angelo Mai, from a MS. in the Vatican. The life of Terence, printed in the Milan edition of Petrarch's works 1476, is merely a comment on Donatus. Of these, the first mentioned is the longest and most particular. It is nevertheless a meagre and incongruous medley, which, for its barrenness, may be ascribed to Donatus, and for its scandal to Suetonius. But it cites still earlier writers,-C. Nepos, Fenestella, Porcius, Santra, Volcatius, and Q. Cosconius. Of these Nepos is the best known, and perhaps the most trustworthy. His contemporaries deemed him a sound antiquarian (Catull. i. 1), and his historical studies had trained him to examine facts and dates. (Gell. xv. 48.) Of Fenestella, more voluminous than accurate, we have already given some account [Vol. II. p. 145]. Q. Cosconius was probably the grammarian cited by Varro (L. L. vi. 36, 89), Porcius, the Porcius Licinius, a satirical and seemingly libellous versifier, mentioned by Gellius (xvii. 21, xix. 19), and Volcatius was the Volcatius Sedigitus quoted by the same author (xv. 24). Santra is enumerated by St. Jerome (Vit. Script. Eccles.) among the Latin compilers of Memoirs; he wrote also a treatise De Antiquitate Verborum, cited frequently by Festus. Such writers are but indifferent vouchers for either facts or dates, whether from their living so long after the poet's age, or from the character of their testimony. In the following account we interweave our comment with their text. |