The industry of nations1855 |
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acid apparatus appears applied arrangement beautiful Birmingham bobbins boiler Burra Burra called carbonic acid carried chromatic aberration clay collodion process colour connected consists construction copper cotton crank crown glass cylinder daguerreotype diameter drawing rollers effected electro-magnetic employed engine engraving Exhibition feet fibres flax force frame furnace glass gutta percha hammer heat inches ingenious instrument invention iron Jacquard loom kind lathe length lens lever loom machine machinery magnetic manner manufacture mass material mechanical medal ment Messrs metal mineral minute motion mould moved object obtained operation ordinary oxide paper passes piece piston placed plate pressure principle printing produced pulley pulp pump purpose quantity reverberatory furnace revolving rollers screw shaft sheet shown side silver simple sliver specimens steam steam-engine steel stocking frame substances surface telescope threads tion tons trough tube valve velocity vessel warp weft weight wheel wire zinc
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372 ページ - mixing," for which purpose the different " slips " (the technical term for the fluid clays, &c.) are successively run off into the blending reservoir, against the inner side of which are " gauging rods," by which the necessary proportion of each material is regulated. The mixture is now passed into other reservoirs, through fine sieves, on " lawns " woven of silk, and containing 30O threads to the square inch.
96 ページ - Accordingly, whilst in the steam engine the caloric is constantly wasted by being passed into the condenser, or by being carried off into the atmosphere, in the improved engine, the caloric is employed over and over again, enabling me to dispense with the employment of combustibles, excepting for the...
375 ページ - ... receive the heat (which varies in different parts) most suited to the articles they contain. This being continued till the oven is filled, the aperture is then bricked up : the firing of earthenware bisque continues sixty hours, and of china forty-eight. The quantity of coals necessary for a "bisque" oven is from 16 to 20 tons ; for a " glost
237 ページ - The principle here alluded to is embodied in a mechanical contrivance which has been substituted for the human hand for holding, applying, and directing the motion of a cutting-tool to the surface, of the work to be cut,. by which we are enabled to constrain the edge of the tool to move along or across the surface of the object, with such absolute precision, that with almost no expenditure of muscular exertion, a workman is enabled to produce any of the elementary geometrical forms...
210 ページ - E, &c., also placed with their axes vertical, upon which the paper is carried by tapes in the usual manner. Each of these cylinders is connected with the drum by toothed- wheels, in such a manner that their surfaces respectively must necessarily move at exactly the same velocity as the surface of the drum. And if we imagine the drum, thus in contact with these eight cylinders, to be put in motion, and to make a complete revolution, the...
50 ページ - ... was got out accidentally in the ordinary course of mining, at a single blast, from near the surface on the brow of the range of hills in which the vein outcrops. The mine was opened only last spring, and with a small force nearly 3,000 tons of ore were got out and brought down to the works of New Jersey Exploring and Mining Company, which are situated on tide water, a few miles from New York.
231 ページ - ... and a boy, is 40 J-inch rivets per hour ; the quantity done in the two cases being in the proportion of 40 to 480, or as 1 to 12, exclusive of the saving of one man's labour. The cylinder of an ordinary locomotive-engine boiler...
43 ページ - ... the whole height of the vacuum chamber, and in doing so, sweeps the entire inside area, carrying with it every particle of insoluble matter held suspended in the vapours coming from the furnaces. The atmospheric pressure, of course, acts in alternate strokes as a blast at the furnacemouths, and causes...
51 ページ - New-York, at an expense of about 1 ,000 dollars. No means of moving a mass of such immense weight being at hand at the mines, a truck of the largest size was sent for the purpose from New- York. The first attempt failed, from want of proper apparatus, and the truck returned. A second truck, fitted out completely for the service, was then dispatched, the company having determined to send this fine sample of ore to the exhibition at any cost. The task was one of greater difficulty than may be...
196 ページ - This machine works at the rate of 2,70O envelopes per hour, and although superseding hand-labour in folding, it is satisfactory to find that, instead of displacing hands, its introduction, by extending the consumption, has in reality created work for more than it has displaced.