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FIFTH SERIES.-No. 4.-VOL. XIII.]

BALTIMORE, SEPTEMBER 24, 1842..>

THE PAST THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE.

[VOL. LXIII.-WHOLE NO. 1,617.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED, EVERY SATURDAY, BY JEREMIAH HUGHES, EDITOR AND PROPRIEtor, at five DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.

CONTENTS OF NO. 4, VOL. 13. FOREIGN NEWs-England, France the regency to devolve on the duke of Nemours; Russia, anniversary of the emperor's marriage.

NATIONAL-Army, Navy.

FOREIGN ARTICLES. Among the passengers in the Great Western, is sir William Drummond Stewart, who a few years since made a prolonged visit to the Rocky Mountain refor president, vice president, governor, and lieutenant gion of the far west, accompanied by a talented governor; Vermont, election; Rhode Island, Pennsylva- young artist of Baltimore, who executed a number of admirable views of the remarkable scenery which MISCELLANEOUS.

STATES OF THE UNION-Massachusetts, nominations

nia.

CORRESPONDENCE OF MR. WEBSTER AND LORD ASH

BURTON,

ON THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE,

ON THE CASE OF THE CAROLINE,

the courage to place his own will above that of congress! This journal, in its encomiastic fervor, places Mr. Tyler's act beside that of Cromwell, when he called out, "take away that bauble!" (the mace of the house of commons,) and maintains that both were morally right, because they knew better the interests of the country than parliament in the one case, or congress in the other. The same paper adds that republicanism has, within itself, the seeds of its own destruction, and, in proof thereof triumphantly points to this fourth exercise, by the head of a republic, in defiance of the legislature, of a power which it truly says no crowned constitutional head in Europe would dare to exert!

CORRESPONDENCE of Webster with the commmission-came under notice during the expedition. It is staers of Maine and Massachusetts on the northeastern ted that he designs to revisit the same region. boundary. Orders for goods from a New York house, on a house in Sheffield, England, sent out by the Great the subject of the tariff, to the selfishness of the Ame"The London times charges all the difficulty on Western, was filled by the return of the steamer-rican people insisting upon pocketing the proceeds the goods were received in thirty-seven days from of the public land sales. "The Statesman (meaning John Tyler) appeals in vain against that principle of self-interest which lies at the foundation of democratic institutions.' He magnanimously adds: 'Uncompassion for the embarrassments of the American government, and our CONTEMPT for the OBSTINACY and IGNORANCE of a PEOPLE who know neither how to govern, nor how to obey.'

ON THE CASE OF THE CREOLE,
ON IMPRESSMENT.
CHRONICLE.

the date of the orders.

The steamer Great Western left Liverpool on the THE TREATY AT WASHINGTON-the nego-3d, and reached New York on the 17th, with ninety-der these circumstances we cannot withhold our tiation. We inserted the outlines of the treaty nego-six passengers, amongst whom was Madame Celeste tiated between MR. WEBSTER and LORD ASHBURTON Elliott, on her way to Baltimore to look after her in the Register of the 27th August,-the president's late husband's estate. message to the senate on laying the treaty before them for their advice or ratification, in the Register of the 10th inst., and commenced the publication of

the correspondence in relation to the northeast and northwest boundary lines in the Register of the 17th; -that topic is in this number of the Register completed, including official papers from the commissioners of the states of Maine and Massachusetts, and is followed by the communications which passed between the ministers upon the other topics of negotiation, the question of THE AFRICAN COAST TRADE-THE CAROLINE CASE-THE CREOLE CASE-and lastly THE SUBJECT OF IMPRESSMENT. This we presume completes the official correspondence. We are indebted to the New York Courier and Enquirer for the copy of those papers. How that paper came into possession of them before the injunction of secrecy was removed remains unexplained. There appears to be no doubt of their authenticity, and it was desirable to complete the publication in as few numbers as possible. The treaty itself, however, we shall not venture to register until officially promulgated.

The steamer Acadia left Liverpool on the 4th, landed 23 passengers at Halifax, received 12 there, and brought fifty-two to Boston, which she reached

on the 18th.

Nothing of importance has occurred in Europe since previous dates. The Great Western brought French overland telegraphic despatches from India ture of their affairs there. The European of the 4th of sickness in the English army, and a gloomy posbrought by the Acadia, contradicts the account as untrue.

"One of the funniest articles I have read for a long time, is the enclosed commentary of the London Morning Herald on the speech of Mr. Adams, reviewing the measures of the session, (which is given, by-the-by, at length.) It is really worthy of republication-if only to show the profound acquaintance of British writers with American history. Mr. John Quincy Adams is represented as the grandson hauled over the coals very savagely for his democraof the second president of the United States-and is cy which leads him to embarrass the conservative, Mr. Tyler. It will afford the ex-president a hearty laugh. Do send it to him.

"The veto has been received with mingled feel

The American minister, E. Everett, is on a visit to Paris. O'Connell declines being a candidate againings by the commercial classes. Of course, it would for mayor of Dublin.

GREAT BRITAIN.

THE TREATY OF WASHINGTON. Accounts of the treaty had reached England, and its ratification by our senate was confidently anticipated. Hearty congratulations teem from the press upon the adjustment of difficulties, yet some of the ultra partizans strongly censure Lord Ashburton for conceding too much-and almost all the leading British journals declare that all the concessions have been made by the British representative. The London Times, while approving the terms, admits, as it were authoritatively, that concessions have been made by Great Britain, but maintains that they were honorable to her generosity and forbearance-that the world could not mistake her motives-that no one could attribute any other principle of action in the matter than a wish for peace and friendship. The London Morning Herald, (Tory), declares that too much has been yielded to the Americans; and that if the same course of concession is continued, our government will not stop until it accomplishes its evident resolution "to expel British dominion entirely from the

A perusal of the correspondence has but fortified the impressions which we early imbibed and have repeatedly expressed in relation to the admirable selections which had been made by both powers, with whom to entrust the nogotiations. The whole correspondence evinces that the highest tone of patriotism is compatible with a liberal conception of the motives of others, and that good feeling and good common sense form the best ingredients to rely upon for either the preservation or restoration of harmony. We look for the ratification of the treaty by the British government as a matter of course. The official interchange of copies will follow, the injunction of secrecy will expire, and the treaty will be official- American continent!" ly published. Meantime the British papers brought by the last arrivals furnish us with their comments upon the terms of the treaty, a brief notice of which will be found under the foreign head.

be very satisfactory to the manufacturers, if protection of American industry should be entirely struck down, and forever-but then they find also that the same blow is felt upon the finances of the country— and they suffer more from the consequent general depression of trade and business in our country, than they are likely to gain from any low rate of duties on British products."

As an offset to the exultations of the royal presses upon the veto, we listen for the tune to change so soon as they learn the final passage of our tariff bill. We may then expect every wire which the wealth, power and intrigue of England and France, aye, and Germany too, can set in motion to be exerted in order to distract our councils and endeavour to pull down our American system, which threatens more vitally than either armies or navies, the existence of their monstrous corruptions, the support of their prisubjection the bone and sinew of their immense vileged classes the fetters with which they hold in communities, and wherewith they degrade human beings to conditions below that of slavery itself!

The disturbances in the manufacturing districts have subsided, or nearly so. The "turn outs" had "turned in" again, and business was rather better. The report of burning Sir Robert Peel's residence was untrue. The chartists as well as the anti-corn bill association, repel the imputation of being concerned in the late outbreaks. The suffering operatives found they had no party, not even the radicals to rely upon. Their distress remained unmitigated; their spirits more than ever broken down.

THE VETO OF THE TARIFF BILL, BY PRESIDENT TYLER. The London correspondent of the Baltimore Patriot writes: "Although we had been forewarned The Paris Radical politicians seem disappointed of President Tyler's determination in regard to the and vexed at the subsidence of the commotions in tariff, the actual reception of the veto created great the manufacturing and mining districts of Great BriThat England was as anxious to maintain peace as surprise. 1 do not exaggerate in stating that the tain. It is a miserable failure, they remark, but not we were, and had brought herself to the determina- majority of Englishmen whose minds were turned surprising, because the British laborers of every deto the condition of our country-its depressed busi- scription are so unused to fire arms, that they can tion to preserve it, and settle existing disputes at the ness-the embarrassments of the general govern- neither load nor fire a gun; they can only throw price of any reasonable sacrifices, we judge from a ment and the states the circumstances under which stones; they crouch, from habit, before any array of review of her position both political and commer- the bill was matured and passed by both houses of the aristocratic power: the French and Spanish opecial, and of the apprehensions which she must enter- of power. This act receives the unqualified admi- those respects, and hence wide-spread insurrections congress-were astounded at this extreme exercise ratives and peasantry differ from them entirely in tain of the disastrous effect of such a charge in those ration of all the strongest upholders of royal prero-in France or Spain may always end in revolutions, relations, as a war with the United States must pro-gative, and all the most uncompromising admirers of Besides, the English regular troops, being the dregs popular rights, in the old world. The declared and outcasts of society, and officered from the rich ground for the encomiums of the Herald, the morn-classes or the superior, have no sympathies with the ing organ of the high Tory London clubs, and the people; the government can depend upon their obe fashionable aristocracy is, that President Tyler has dience to any purposes and orders.

duce.

The letters exchanged between the ministers upon the subject of impressment, deserve attentive perusal. Vol. XII-Sia. 4.

The Paris correspondence of the National Intelli-plied, in the opposition journals, on the orations, a requital to him for the manifestation of a disposigencer adds: "There is but one part on the other feasts, and adulations of which he is already the ob- tion in Germany to maintain the nationality of Poside of the channel disposed and watchful to exas-ject. He evinces his modesty and sense by the fol- land in accordance with the treaty of Vienna, and perate the strikes and banded vagrancy into political lowing reply to a commanding officer, who referred from a spirit of dissatisfaction at the late papal allocution of July 22nd in respect to the grievances of and persevering rebellion; and that party, Chartists, flatteringly to his new position: "My dear general: I can never hope to replace my the Catholic church in the Russian empire, said by lack every requisite for success except loose and brute numbers. O'Connell early and justly appreci- poor brother, who was so superior to me in all things; them to have been elicited through Austrian influGeneral Grabble commander of the Russian army ated them in their proffer as auxiliaries of Ireland, but I will do my best. Every one has qualities pecu-ence. and I presume that, in regard to London, the Stan- liar to himself, and it will be by acting according to dard of the 22d inst. does not vastly hyperbolize, when my own character, and to what heaven wills that I in Circassia has been defeated with the loss of 6,000 should be, that I will endeavor to fulfil what is ex-soldiers and 80 officers. it says: It is already much, to have right "There is a floating rumor of a Chartist move-pected from me. ment to be attempted in the metropolis to-night. The thing being foreseen is ridiculous. The kitchen maids of the city would be able, and, we believe, not unwilling, to sweep the whole Chartist body into the

Thames with their brooms."

The season has been one of the best ever known,

crops every where excellent, provisions abundant and cheap.

The Anti-Corn Law Asssociation is still urging their cause upon the ministry, but with little prospect

of success.

feelings and the desire to do good. This is what will
always be found in me."

A CAPTIVE PRINCE. The following letter, dated
from the prison of Ham, July 26th, is not without in-

terest:

"Sir: I have read in the Post an extract of a work written by Miss Louisa Costello, in which I remarked these words: 'Prince Louis Napoleon now expiates in that mournful retreat (the Castle of Ham) his breach of honor and mad imprudence. For the last two years that I have been a captive I have never American securities were totally neglected, scarce noticed the many absurdities advanced respecting ly a transaction being heard of, and the accounts by my descent at Boulogne. It is useless for the van each steamship being almost worse than before.quish to submit to discussion the caprice of fortune; The loan for the general government has not been but, when my honor as a man is attacked, I do what mentioned for some days past, and the commission-lies in my power to defend it; a pure conscience is er, Mr. Robinson, is travelling in Germany, the all that is left me. Being convinced that the intenlast accounts from him being from Baden Baden, a tion of insulting misfortune cannot enter a woman's fashionable watering place, where there is not much to be done in the business of negotiating the sale of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert embarked on board the Royal George Yatch, on the 30th ult. in great state, and accompanied by two sloops of war and a fleet of steamers, two of which towed the Yatch, proceeded for the Forth.

bonds.

BELGIUM.

a

THE BELGIAN TARIFF. The Moniteur Belge of the 15th contains the royal ordinance fixing the duties on linen threads, cloths, wines, and silk goods, and states in accordance with the treaty with France,

SOUTH AFRICA. Another cloud has lowered over the brilliancy of the British arms. We have to chronicle the particulars of a reverse in South Africa.

Dates to 21st June are received. The Native

The general health of the people is good, and the via are said to be exerting a most happy influence civil and religious institutions established in Monro over the natives, who are daily adopting the customs of the colonists. INDIA.

Telegraphic despatches from India, brought via Malta and Paris, from Jellalabad, 22d June, are of most dismal aspect to the British cause. They state simoons, are destroying the army. The discontent that sickness, extreme heat, the want of food, and the and the inaction in which the army is left, are at their height. Ukbar Khan has seized the Bala Hissar, and the treasures which were left there. The governor general has given full permission to general Pollock to act as as he may think proper. Symptoms of mutiny have shown themselves among the Seiks.

It seems the Dutch colony at Port Natal, have proclaimed themselves independent of the British authorities, and formed a new constitution of their own. A detachment of troops was finally sent under the command of capt. Smith, of the 27th regiment, to reduce them to submission. The official report of that officer has been received, communicating the defeat of the detachment, with considerable loss. The Dutch "Boors," as they are called, were encamped in force at Congella, numbering over 6,000 strong.— The road to the encampment had mangrove trees on one side and water on the other, and as the English troops made their appearance, a murderous fire was poured in upon them from behind the trees, not an enemy being in sight. The troops returned the fire heart, I beg to subjoin the copy of a letter I wrote but of course without effect, and the detachmeat was on the subject to the Journal du Peuple on the 9th of forced to return with severe loss, leaving also two December last: 'I never contracted any engagement field pieces behind. LIBERIA. whatever with the French government. Five years ago I was set at liberty against my will and without conditions. During my trial at the court of Peers, chapel at Monrovia was destroyed by fire on the 28th the attorney general was obligned to acknowledge April. The message of Gov. Roberts, who succeeds the it. I never failed in my word, and never will.' I After three days, during which the queen had some have no doubt that the author of 'A Pilgrimage to late Gov. Buchanan, presented to the legislature of experience of the stormy seas surrounding her rock-Picardie and Auvergne' will regret having added the Liberia on the 4th of April last, represents the Amebound isles-for there were several stiff north wes- pain of calumny to the sorrows of captivity. I take rican colony to be in a very flourishing condition. ters-the royal squadron arrived in Leith Roads on this opportunity, sir, of expressing my thanks for the Wednesday night, and remained at anchor till next interest you have often manifested in my behalf, morning, when the queen for the first time, touched and remain, &c. "NAPOLEON LOUIS BONAPARTE." the soil of old Caledonia. The intelligence of her THE FRENCH COLONIES. The Courier des Etats arrival at night, was made known, through the length and breadth of the land, by blazing bonfires on Ar-Unis gives an almost frightful account of the French thur's Seat, which were answered, by similar illumi-colonies. At Martinique, St. Pierre, Guadaloupe, nations, on the loftiest mountains in Scotland. She Pointe-a-Petre, the distresses are the greatest, and was received, at Granton pier, by the duke of Buc-petitions are put forth to the proper authorities for cleugh, and Sir Robert Peel. Owing to some mis-change of laws, with a view of obtaining a better state of things. take in the arrangements, the magistrates, and the public generally, were not aware that she would land at so early an hour as she fixed upon-half past eight, and the worthy officials did not even get a glimpse of her, until she had passed through the city, and was far on the road to Dalkeith Palace, (the duke of Buccleugh's), where she holds her courts. Thou- that Article 6, which refers to French wines and silks, sands, also, of her subjects were disappointed in the same way-many persons who had paid two, three, is thus drawn up: "In consequence of a modificaand five guineas for stands in the line of route, hav-tion of the customs' law at present in force, the ening failed to reach their places in time to gratify trance duties on wines and silk goods of French protheir longing eyes with a sight of a bona fide queen! duction shall be subject to the subjoined tariff: There were, however, crowds upon crowds on the French wines, in cask, 50 cents the hectolitre, and in watch from the dawn, and she had a most enthusi- bottles 21. French tissues, silk goods, such as satins, astic reception, from the moment she stepped ashore, velvets, ribbons, &c. 4f. the kilogramme; plain silk nicle denounces in terms of the utmost indignation. and in her whole progress through the modern handkerchiefs, 4f. the kilogramme; printed ditto, 4f. Athens. The most novel and agreeable parts of her the kilogramme." On the other hand, other London papers give a difScottish excursion, will be her visits to Taymouth, On the 25th July ult. the twenty-fifth anniversary ferent version of the news. Intelligence from Bombay to July 19th, Calcutta, Scone, and Drummond-where the greatest preparations have been made to give her a Highland wel- of the emperor's marriage with the sister of the PrusGeneral Pollock was on the 24th of June at Jellacome, with all the accompaniments of feudal state sian king, a grand review took place at St. Peters- July 8th, and China. May 26th. and magnificence, and to show Prince Albert the burg. As the details of the ceremonies have not sports of the moors and hills, deer stalking, grouse-been published in the Petersburg journals and immedi- labad, and it would seem, whatever the orders preately afterwards the Prussian king who had proceed-viously issued may have been, that he is to remain shooting, and stag hunting, The weather in both England and France for some e thither to add to the interest of the celebration, there until the arrival of the season which would time "has been superb." Over the whole of Eng- took his departure and returned to Berlin, the Euro allow him to retire through the Punjaub. Contrary land, south of the Humber, the crops have been. fully secured, north of that and in Scotland and Ire-pean press has been busily engaged in supplying va- to the French telegraphic despatch, the troops have rious rumors of a detected conspiracy to assassinate not suffered from sickness and other casualties; on the emperor. It was said, that the Russian nobility the contrary, the health of the troops was tolerably had become alarmed at the disposition he had mani- good. Orders to maintain his position have also fested to emancipate all the serfs of the empire, been despatched to General Nott, at Candahar, who The debates on the regency question form the having already a few months ago emancipated his has not only done so, but gained a brilliant victory mass of French news. The bill as presented by the own, and attributing his course to the influence of over the Affghans, led on by Sufter Jung, (the younggovernment appointing the duke of Nemours to that his Prussian connexions, had determined to sacrifice est son of the late Shah Soojah) who was himself contingent station, was decided by a vote of 310 in favor the royal brothers on that day in the presence of the made prisoner. This action took place on the 29th and 94 against it, besides 26 who refused to vote army on review that the Prussian king however of May, beneath the walls of Candahar. The Briwithout the special instructions of their constituents. was made acquainted with the plot on the day of his tish arms have also been crowned with victory at An amendment was offered first by Montlaville, De- arrival, and that measures were adopted accordingly Kelat-i-Ghilzie on the 21st of May, where Colonel -the guards doubled, the dubious regiments proper- Wymer, who had been sent to relieve that place, delespaul, and St. Albin, that the regency should devolve upon the mother of the heir should he yet bely disposed of, and the ringleaders banished to Sibe-feated the enemy with considerable loss. In Queta minor at the death of Louis Philippe. Fifty radi-ria. Another version is that a splendid chair of so- tah the troops appear to have suffered severely from cals only supported the amendment and it was of lid silver armed with two poignards moved by a se- sickness. course negatived. M. de Sade offered an amend-cret spring and to operate upon his taking his seat so ment restricting the regency to the eldest of the as to ensure his death, was to have been presented to paternal uncles of the minor king, this was also ne him on that day as a mark of the loyal attachment of his boyards, and that this led to the detection of the gatived. The duke of Nemours is already filling, in the north plot. The English papers consider the speedy return of with the troops and municipalities, the part of his defunct brother. Stricturus, plausible enough, are multi-the Prussian king and the coolness of his reception as

land about half of the grain is cut, Abundance every

where.

FRANCE.

RUSSIA.

The news from Candahar is to the 11th of June, and is without interest.

The Morning Chronicle of the 3d states that Lord Ellenborough has not even left General Pollock to act according to the best of his judgment, but bas sent him explicit orders to retreat from Jellalabad, with his whole army, in October, or as soon as the season was favorable for return. This step the Chro

Respecting the movements of Akbar Khan, we learn that he had succeeded in capturing the Balla Hissar at Cabool, where he had nominated himself the Wuzeer of the nominal Shah Futteh Jung, the successor of Shah Soojah. One of the most important occurrences, however, is the order by the governor general far the formation of an army of

reserve of 20,000 men, under the command of General Sir Jasper Nicolls, the commander-in-chief in India, at Sirhind, near Delhi.

carrying on their operations against Texas and Yu-
catan. One of those steamers it is believed has es-
caped the vigilance of the British authorities and has
arrived in the Gulph of Mexico. The brig Alexan-

NATIONAL AFFAIRS. PRESIDENT TYLER has retired to his residence

a

TRUE CAUSE OF THE AFEGHANISTAN WAR. We copy the following from a late number of the Lon-dria, arrived at New Orleans on the 22d ult. spoke a in Virginia for a short time. The death of his la don Herald. In what a light does it put the unholy fully manned and armed, supposed to be the Guada-closing of a long session of congress, renders some large new iron steamer upon the coast of Yucatan, companion in life, added to the duties incident to war now waged by Great Britain in Central Asia. That region is at least one thousand miles from the loupe, from England. pose indispensable. He of course declines all pubi British possessions in India, and the invasion of it The Mexican agents were not so lucky however testimonies of respect that have been tendered. was as wanton an act of aggression as was ever per- ing 4 long 32 pounders, two 32 carronades, one 68 dent of the United States and his family, having with the Montezuma, a very formidable steamer, hav- We learn from the Norfolk Herald that the presipetrated; and the original wrong doing, as appears pounder, 500 rockets, shells, &c. and a full crew of performed the mournful task of sepulture to the reby the subjoined unimpeachable testimony, has been aggravated by an attempted act of the grossest treach- men and officers, Richard Francis Cleveland, post mains of Mrs. TYLER in the county of New Kent, ery. We may commiserate the fate of the thou-captain in the royal navy, commander, with eight or were received on board the steamer Patrick Henry, sands of innocent individuals, who, in obedience to ten officers, boatswain, gunners, and 150 seamen, in at the Grove, (a few miles above Jamestown), and orders, have been driven into that wild country as to addition to twelve marines, all of whom have been landed at 4 o'clock, at Old Point Comfort, on Mona slaughter house, but if none should ever return the in her majesty's service. day. event could not but be regarded as a most righteous national retribution.

"Who provokes

Treason in others, to a traitor's death,
Justly condemns himself."

BUENOS AYRES.

Dates to 9th July. General Rosas re-assumed the functions of government on the 4th of July, the delegate governor having his hands full with his duties as minister for foreign affairs.

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The hon. J. C. SPENCER, secretary of war, arrived ceived with the usual honors. at Fort Monroe on Saturday morning, and was re

DIPLOMATIC. MEXICAN MINISTER TO THE U.

STATES. We learn from Tampico, 25th ultimo, that Don N. ALMONTE has been appointed minister plenipotontiary to the United States. He has the repu tation of being a sagacious and cool-headed man.tend to close the breach between the two governIt was generally thought that this appointment would

--

CONSULS, &c. By letters and papers from Pernambuco, it appears great indignation is felt at the removal of Joseph Ray, who for 20 years has been the efficient and faithtul United States consul at that port, affording every aid to not only his own countrymen but to those of other nations.

The crew had received each in advance £6; they were engaged for three years certain at £3 a month, From a Calcutta Correspondent. "I fear that our end of one year. Each man, on retiring from the with permission to terminate the engagement at the national character for political integrity has sustained a severe blow at the hands of the late Cabool service, was to receive £5 besides his wages, to carenvoy. Disclosures are now being made which tell ry him home. She cost 70 or £80,000 sterl. This a deplorable story of fraud and duplicity, forbidding splendid ship on the eve of sailing, was seized by offius ever again to speak with a clear conscience of the cers of the customs for a breach of neutrality, alledgperfidy of the Afghans. Sir W. H. N'Naghten's ed by Gen. Hamilton, and of which that gentlemen death is now clearly shown to have been the imme- has furnished himself, it is said with ample proof. diate result of his own treachery. He had entered Hamilton effected his seizure. He has since assistThe hon. Ashbel Smith was at Paris when Gen. into a 'plot-the word is his own-for the betrayal of Ameen Oollah Khan, one of the chief leaders of ed, and doubtless will co-operate zealously, both pri-ments. the insurgents, with whom he himself had previous-vately as well as officially, in making it good. ly been in treaty; and it was at the conference which feiture goes to the queen's officers, and one half to says-We learn from the highest authority that the In the event of condemnation, one half of the forFINANCES. The New York Express of 10th had for its end the sacrifice of this man, that the en- the person who lodged information at the customs. voy was killed by Mohammed Akbar. Accounts from Mexico, received at New Orleans, secretary of the treasury does not intend to issue any of the new emission of treasury notes authorized. state that a Mr. Joseph Wells has offered to loan the On the contrary, his intention is to put none into marMexican government the sum of $7,000,000, on condi-ket. He is enabled to take this course in consequence tion that he be permitted to import from London a of the offers that are made to him, to take any portion The envoy had conspired with Mohammed Akbar certain quantity of English cotton goods. The pro- of the twelve million loan. He has an opportunity Khan for the delivery into his hands of Ameen Ool-position had been laid before congress, but had not of disposing of any portion of it, at par, but he is lab; and it was at their conference, which terminat-been acted on. The domestic manufacturers were holding a larger portion of it at a higher rate. The ed by the death of McNaghten, that the last named protesting loudly against the project. offer to take a million and a half of the loan from chief was to have been betrayed into the hands of the British minister. To secure the success of the "plot," this city, is probably closed. the envoy had desired general Elphinstone to order out two regiments on special service, telling him at the same time what he needed them for, and congratulating himself on every thing being in such Admiral Brown sailed from Buenos Ayres on the good train. It is reported that general Elphinstone 26th June with five vessels under his command to started on hearing the word "plot," and said, "that is look after some Montevidean vessels that had enteran ominous word to issue from the mouth of an Eng-ed the Uruguay, with a view of constructing a battelishman." Be that as it may, M'Naghten went out to the conference and met Akbar Khan. The Khan, who it is now said had no intention of betraying his countrymen, but had listened to the overtures of the British envoy solely to test his good faith, although the proposal made to him was, as regarded his individual inteExecutions are numerous at Buenos Ayres; five rests, a most advantageous one, began to reproach persons were shot on the 30th ult. Among them M'Naghten with his dishonorable conduct, his too evi- was Henry Ibbotson, a native of the state of Maine, dent desire to overreach the Affghans by any diploma- who had been first lieutenant of the Oriental brig of tic trickery, however unscrupulous it might be, and war "Conanchas," captured by Admiral Brown's finished by summoning him to Dunbar, there to meet squadron. The unfortunate man was landed, severeAmeen Oollah and the other assembled chiefs, and ly wounded in the action, and sent to the hospital; to explain his conduct before them. Akbar Khan from the hospital he was discharged without parole or called upon the envoy to mount a horse, which had restriction, and being in a destitute condition, was The New York Express states that a very consibeen provided for him; the envoy refused to do so, supported by the charity of his countrymen, in Bue- derable amount of European goods have recently arand the Khan dragged him or pushed him forward to nos Ayres. In the month of April the captain of the rived in that city which will be returned without beenforce compliance with his orders. M'Naghten schooner Delta, bound to Boston, offered Ibbotson a ing landed, in consequence of the tariff. It is to be resisted,blows were exchanged,, and, at last, Akbar passage, and in the act of going on board he was ar- regretted, that any loss or inconvenience should acKhan, in a state of exasperation, drew his pistol and rested, and imprisoned, and at I o'clock on the morn-crue to individuals, but it is no serious loss to the shot the envoy. This is the story which has now ing of the 30th was shot. The body was afterward country. transpired, and there is every reason to believe, the seen at the "Recoleta" with three ball holes in the true one; for it rests upon the evidence of Capt. Mac-breast, and the throat cut and perfectly naked, the every other part of the Union with decided approbakenzie, who was present at the conference, and of monsters refusing burial to the corpse. The consul tion, there are leading politicians south of us that Gen. Elphinstone, who was well acquainted with the and Capt. Ogden interceded with the delegate gover- are denouncing its provisions in the most unqualified events which proceded and conducted to it. That nor, Don Felipe Arana, for his life, and were told terms. The Richmond Enquirer immediately on its is a sad tale for an Englishman to narrate!" that it would be perfectly safe. Such are the cruel-passage hoisted the party flag of "repeal, repeal," ties practised in Buenos Ayres. Humanity calls aloud for the interference of the higher powers, that there may be a termination to such revolting and bloody scenes.

CHINA.

ry at Punta Gorda.

The Montevidean bark Leapoldina Rosa it was, and not a French vessel as reported, that foundered on the east coast of the Banda Oriental. The cap. tain and two hundred emigrants on board perished.

The intelligence from China is to May 29th, but fourteen days later than we have had direct from thence. Only part of the forces from England had arrived, and no important movement had been made. The Oriental government, under date of June Another slaughter of the Chinese had taken place 11th, intimated its willingness to reduce or rescind at Tsekee, near Ningpo, on the 15th with but slight the 16 per cent. existing extraordinary duties on imloss on the part of the British. An improbable rumor prevailed of the flight of the emperor into Tartary: It is customary with him to make an annual visit

thither.

TEXAS.

Advices to the 29th August. Capt. Elliott, British charge d'affairs is welcomed in the Houston papers. Since the battle of Lefantitiau no Mexicans have made their appearance, and the western frontier is quiet. The Texan troops are withdraw from Lamar; Victoria is now the extreme frontier on that direc

tion.

ports, and the five per cent. on domestic exports,
provided the merchants would come forward and
subscribe "a sum such as shall be considered suffi-
cient to entitle them to the said concession." Eight
days were allowed them for this purpose, after which
the government would determine whether to rescind
or not.

MONTEVIDEO. A letter from Montevideo of 13th June says, that the projected invasion of the Oriental republic by its former president, Oribe, is deferred until the spring, his army, 10.000 strong, wintering, meantime, in the province of Santa Fe. The Oriental government was making strenuous exertions WAR STEAMERS. Agents of the Mexican govern- for defence. One of the measures proposed was to ment have had two or three large steam frigates con- emancipate all the negroes, 5.000 of whom, it was structed in England, fitted and manned there, for ] estimated, were capable of boaring arms.

MEXICO.

O. S. Morse, esq. U. S. consul at St. Johns, Porto Rico, has arrived at Norfolk.

Richard Pollard, esq. late charge d'affaires of the United States at Chili came passenger in the St. Louis from Rio Janerio.

OPERATION OF THE TARIFF. One of the

salutary and immediate effects of the passage of the revenue bill, was that of restoring confidence and improving the credit of the sound stocks of the country, and those of the gevernment itself. particularly. Government stocks advanced from 97 to 101, in the New York market.

But whilst the tariff bill has been hailed in almost

The

and predicted that the next congress would erase its
iniquitous provisions from the statute book.
"Carolinian" published at Columbia, S. C., and con-

sidered to be under the immediate influence of Mr.
Calhoun, denounces the act as "the most protective,
fraudulent, perfidious, oppressive, unjust and uncon-
stitutional" that has ever been passed-and proceeds to
say: If it be not repealed when the democrats come
into power, it must be nullified; and nothing prevents
us from urging an immediate resort to that rightful
remedy, but a disinclination to use it in any but ex-
treme cases, and a hope, however faint, that the de-
mocrats will repeal it when they come into power."

The iron and nail works in Troy, which had been suspended for several months, have again been put in operation. This is one of the effects of the late tariff.

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Lower Canada would attempt a passage in this direc- south westerly to a straight line, to a point on the the relinquishment, by the commonwealth of Massa ` tion, leaving the Chaudiere on one hand and the route northwest branch of the river St. John, which point chusetts of territory which she always claimed to be by Madawaska on the other. shall be ten miles distant from the main branch of a part of her possessions, and to which we believe If this line shall be agreed to. on the part of the the St. John, in a straight line and in the nearest di- she has a clear and indisputable title. So strong is the United States, I suppose that the British minister rection; but if the said point shall be found to be less conviction of the right of Massachusetts and Maine would, as an equivalent, stipulate, first, for the use than seven miles from the nearest point of the high- to the undisturbed enjoyment of the land constituting of the river St. John, for the conveyance of the lands that divide those rivers which empty them what is called the disputed territory, by force of the timber growing on any of its branches, to tide wa-selves into the river St. Lawrence from those which treaty which terminated the war of the revolution, ter, free from all discriminating tolls, impositions, fall into the Atlantic ocean, then the said point shall that she would prefer an appeal to the same arbitraor inabilities of any kind, the timber enjoying all be made to recede down the said river to a point ment by which the acknowledgment of her right was the privileges of British colonial timber. All opi- seven miles in a straight line from the said dividing originally obtained, to a surrender, without just equinions concur, that this privilege of navigation must highlands; thence, in a straight line, in a course about valents, of any portion of their territory. Still, she greatly enhance the value of the territory and the south, eight degrees west, to the point where the pa- is aware that the government and people of the U. timber growing thereon, and prove exceedingly use- rallel of latitude of 46 25 intersects the southwest States desire to preserve peace and friendly relations ful to the people of Maine. Second, that Rouse's branch of the St. John; thence, southerly, by the with other nations, so long as they can be maintainPoint, in Lake Champlain, and the lands heretofore said branch, to the source thereof, in the highlands ed with honor, by concessions which, not a just posupposed to be within the limits of New Hampshire, at the Metjarnette portage; thence, down along the licy alone, but that which is liberal and magnaniVermont and New York, but which a correct ascer- said highland, around the headwaters of Indian stream, mous, may require. She partakes of the common tainment of the 45th parallel of latitude shows to and so on to the highlands which divide that stream spirit, and its influence pervades all her actions, be in Canada, should be surrendered to the United on the one hand, and Hall's stream on the other; throughout this negotiation. States. thence, south, along the said highlands, till the line It is probable, also. that the disputed line of boun- thus run intersects the old line of boundary surveyed dary in Lake Superior might be so adjusted as to and marked by Valentine and Collins, previously leave a disputed island within the United States. to the year 1774, as the 45th degree of latitude, and These cessions on the part of England would en- which has been known and understood to be the ure partly to the benefit of the states of New line of actual division between the states of New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York but princi-York and Vermont on one side, and the British propally to the United States. The consideration on vince of Canada on the other, as heretofore known the part of England, for making them, would be the and understood, to the Iroquois or St. Lawrence manner agreed upon for adjusting the eastern boun-river. dary. The price of the cession, therefore, whatever it might be, would in fairness belong to the two states interested in the manner of that adjust

ment.

Captain Talcott, to Mr. Webster.

Washington, July 14, 1842.

SIR: The territory within the lines mentioned by Under the influence of these considerations, I am you contains eight hundred and ninety-three square authorised to say, that if the commissioners of the miles, equal to five hundred and seventy-one thousand two states assent to the line as described in the ac-five hundred and twenty acres. It is a long and narcompanying paper, the United States will undertake row tract upon the mountains or highlands, the disto pay to these states the sum of two hundred and tance from Lake Pohenagamook to the Metjarnette fifty thousand dollars, to be divided between them portage being one hundred and ten miles. The terin equal moities; and, also, to undertake for the ritory is barren, and without timber of value, and I settlement and payment of the expenses incurred by should estimate that nineteen parts out of twenty are those states, for the maintenance of the civil posse; unfit for cultivation. Along eighty miles of this terand, also, for a survey which it was found necessary ritory, the highlands throw up into irrigular emineno make. ces, of different heights, and, though observating a general northeast and southwest direction, are not brought well into line. Some of these elevations are over three thousand feet above the sea.

The line suggested, with the compensations and equivalents which have been stated, is now submitted for your consideration. That it is all which might have been hoped for. looking to the strength The formation is primitive siliceous rock, with of the American claim, can hardly be said. But, as slate resting upon it, around the basis. Between the the settlement of a controversy of such duration is eminences are morasses and swamps, throughout a matter of high importance, as equivalents of un-which beds of moss of luxuriant growth rest on and doubted value are offered, as longer postponement cover the rocks and earth beneath. The growth is and delay would lead to further inconvenience, and such as is usual in mountain regions on the continent, to the incurring of further expenses, and as no bet-in high latitudes. On some of the ridges and emiter occasion, or perhaps any other occasion, for set-nences, birch and maple are found; on others, spruce tling the boundary by agreement, and on the princi- and fit, and in the swamps spruce intermixed with ple of equivalents, is ever likely to present itself, the cedar, but the wood, every where, is insigficant, and government of the United States hope that the com- of stinted growth. It will readily be seen, therefore, missioners of the two states will find it to be con- that for cultivation, or as capable of furnishing the sistent with their duty to assent to the line proposed, means of human subsistence, the lands are of no vaand to the terms and conditions attending the propo-lue. I am, sir, your ob't serv't,

ition.

The president has felt the deepest anxiety for an amicable settlement of the question, in a manner honorable to the country, and such as should preserve the rights and interests of the states concerned. From the moment of the announcement of Lord Ash

A. TALCOTT, commissioner.
Hon. Danial Webster, Secretary of State.

Commissioners of Massachusetts to Mr. Webster.
Washington, July 20, 1842.

There are other considerations of weight in the decision of this question. Though the title of Massachusetts to the lands in dispute is believed to be perfect it is not to be overlooked that they have been the subject of controversy through many years; that attempts, by negotiation and through the intervention of an umpire, have been unsuccessfully made, to extinguish a conflicting claim; and that the nations which are now seeking by renewed negotiation to put a period to the protracted strife, while desir ing peace, have been brought to the verge of destructive war, through dissensions incident to a disputed boundary, Should this negotiation fail of a successful issue, the alternative offered is a renewed submission of our rights to the determination of others. Past experience enforces the belief that other years must elapse, and great inconveniences be felt, before decision can be obtained; and the same monitor suggests the obvious truth, that however the title of Massachusetts and Maine, and of the U. States, may be firmly established in justice, it is not equally certain that it would be confirmed by the tribunal, from whose decision, whatever it might be, no appeal could honorably be taken.

a

But the considerations which most powerfully impel the state of Massachusetts to acquiesce in terms for a treaty that your communication indicates, are the known desire of the people of the United States for a speedy settlement of the vexed question of the boundary, and the request of the general government expressed through its constitutional organs, that Massachusetts would yield her consent to an arrangement which that government deems to be reasonable. The state we have the honor to represent would be slow to disappoint the hopes of the nation, and reluctant to reject terms which the government of the United States urges her to accept, as being compatible in the estimation of that government, with the interest of the state, and essential to the complete adjustment of difficulties, which the security of national peace demands.

It is

Whether the national boundary suggested by you be suitable or unsuitable, whether the compensations that Great Britain offers to the United States for the territory conceded to her be adequate or inadequate, and whether the treaty which shall be effected shall be honorable to the country or incompatible with SIR: We have the honor to acknowledge the re- its rights and dignity, are questions, not for Massaburton's mission, he has sedulously endeavored to ceipt of your communication of 15th of July, ad-chusetts, but for the general government, upon its pursue a course the most respectful towards the dressed to us as commissioners of Massachusetts, responsibility to the whole country, to decide. states, and the most useful to their interests, as well authorised to act in her behalf in the settlement of for the state to determine for what equivalents they as the most becoming to the character and dignity of the controversy concerning the northeastern bounda- will relinquish to the United States her interests in the government. He will be happy, if the result ry of the United States. The proposal therein pre- certain lands in the disputed territory, so that she shall be such as will satisfy Maine and Massachu-sented for our assent, in behalf of the government may be made available to the government of the setts, as well as the rest of the country. With these we represent, to the establishment of the conven- United States, in the establishment of the northeastsentiments on the part of the president, and with the tional boundary indicated in your communication, ern boundary, and in a general settlement of all matconviction that no more advantageous arrangement and upon the terms and equivalents therein set ters in controversy between Great Britain and the can be made, the subject, is now referred to the grave forth, has received our careful consideration, and United States. In this view of the subject and with deliberation of the commissioners. I have the honor without further delay we submit the following re- the understanding that by the words "the nearest to be, with great respect, your ob't serv't, ply. DANIEL WEBSTER. After the many interviews which we have had the point of the highlands," in your description of the proposed line of boundary, is meant the nearest To the hon. the commissioners of Maine. pleasure to hold with you during the progress of the point of the crest of the highlands; that the right to negotiation which is drawing to its close, it is unne- the free navigation of the river St. John shall incessary for us to express our full concurrence in the clude the right to the free transportation thereupon Beginning at the monument at the source of the sentiment, that the fine suggested, with its compen- of all products of the soil as well as of the forest; river St. Croix, as designated by the commissioners sation and equivalents, is not all which might have and that the pecuniary compensation to be paid under the fifth article of the treaty of 1794, between been hoped for, in view of the strength of the Ame- by the federal government to Massachusetts shall the government of the United States and Great Bri-rican claim to the territory in dispute. But inasmuch be increased to the sum of one hundred and tain; thence north, following the exploring line run as in the progress of a negotiation conducted with fifty thousand dollars, the state of Massachusetts and marked by the surveyors or the two govern-great deliberation, every proposition has been put through her commissioners, hereby relinquishes to the ments in the year 1817 and 1818, under the fifth ar- forth, which any party, in whatever manner and to United States her interest to the lands which will ticle of the treaty of Ghent, to its intersection with whatever extent it may be interested, has been dis- be excluded from the dominion of the United States the river St. John, and to the middle of the channel posed to submit for consideration and adoption, and by the establishment of the boundary aforesaid. thereof; thence, up the middle of the main channel the ultimate point has been reached, at which negoof the said river St. John, to the mouth of the river tiation must result in a compact, or the interruption We have the honor to be, with the greatest re St. Francis, thence, up the middle of the channel of of further effort for its accomplishment, we proceed spect, your obedient servants, said river, and of the lakes through which it flows, to discharge the remaining duty which is devolved to the outlet of the Lake Pohenagamook; thence, upon us. Same mutalis mutandis, to the commissioners of Ma

B.

:ཤཱ་་

We are fully aware of the importance of the act that we are called upon to perform. It is not less than

ABBOTT LAWRENCE,
JOHN MILLS,
CHARLES ALLEN,
Hon. Daniel Webster, secretary of state.

The Maine commissioners to Mr. Webster.

Washington, July 22, 1842.

been anxious to obtain the undisputed possession of duly appreciate the far seeing sagacity and prudence
that portion of the territory which would enable her of those British statesmen who so early attempted to
to maintain a direct and uninterrupted communica- secure it as a cession, by negotiation, and the sugges-
tion between her provinces. So far as we could tion of equivalents.
learn from any source, this was the only professed
object she had in view, and the only one which has
been regarded in contemplation.

SIR: The undersigned, commissioners of state of
Maine on the subject of the northeastern boundary,
have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your
The answer of Lord Ashburton to your note of
note addressed to them under date of the 15th in-
the 8th instant, contained a distinct rejection of our
stant, with enclosures therein referred to. The pro-
offer, with a substantial withdrawal of his claim to
position first submitted by the special minister of
Great Britain, on the subject of the boundary, hav- decided to yield, upon the most liberal terms, this modifying the claim for the relinquishment, on the
With this understanding, the undersigned at once any territory south of the river St. John, but not
ing been disagreed to, and the proposition made on long-sought convenience; and they indulged the confi- part of Maine and the United States, of all north of
the part of the United States, with the assent of the dant expectation that such a concession would at once topics in his lordship's reply, we have had the honor
that river. Our views in reference to many of the
commissioners of Maine and Massachusetts having meet all the wants and wishes of the English gov-heretofore to communicate to you, in our note of the
been rejected as inadmisible, coupled with the ex- ernment and bring the mission to a speedy and satis-16th instant; and to that answer we would now re-
pression of surprise that it should have been made; factory close. When, therefore, we were met at the fer, as forming an important part of this negotiation,
and Lord Ashburton, in the same communication, outset by a proposition which required the cession on and as containing our refusal indicated. We are now
having intimated a preference for conference rather our part, of all the territory north of the St. John called upon to consider the final proposition made by
than correspendence, and having omitted in his note river, and enough of the territory on the south to in- or through the government of the United States, for
to make any new proposition, except a qualified clude the Madawaska settlement, extending at least
withdrawal of a part of his former one, we learn fifty miles up that river, with no other equivalent to
our consideration and acceptance. The line indicated
from your note that you "have had full and frequent us than the limited right to float timber down that the King of the Neitherlands, and an addition thereto
may be shortly defined as the line recommended by
conferences, with him respecting the northeastern river, and to the United States the small tracts adja- of a strip of land, at the base of the highlands, run-
boundary," and that you "believe you understand cent to the forty-fifth parallel of latitude in other
what is practicable to be done on that subject, so far states, we could not but express our regret to be thus ning to the source of the southwest branch of the St.
as he (Lord Ashburton) is concerned." We also learn, as it were repelled. But regarding this rather as the
John. The examination and consideration of all oth-
that "in these conferences he has made no positive extreme limit of a claim, subject, notwithstanding jects, have been precluded by the declaration, and
er lines, which might better meet our views and ob-
or binding proposition, thinking, perhaps, it would the strong language of Lord Ashburton, to be res-other plenary evidence we have, that the line specified
be more desirable, under present circumstances, trained and limited, we deemed it proper, in our in your communication is the most advantageous that
that such a proposition should proceed from the side communication of the 6th instant, after declining to
of the United States," but that you have reason to accede to the proposition, in conjunction with the can be afforded to us; and that no one of less extent,
believe that he would agree to a line of boundary commissioners of Massachusetts, to point out and offer or yielding in fact less to the other party, can be
such as is described in the paper accompanying a conventional line of boundary as therein specified. the single and simple consideration of the question,
deemed admissible. We are therefore, brought to
your note (marked B; ) and also, that you entertain In fixing on this line, we were mainly anxious to se- whether we can consistently with our views of our
the conviction "that no more advantageous arrange-lect such a one as should at once and pre-eminently
ment can be made; and, with this conviction, you give to Great Britain all that was necessary for her duty to the state we represent, accept the proposition
refer the subject to the grave deliberation of the com- understood object, and to preserve to Maine the re-
submitted by you.
missioners.
mainder of her territory. To accomplish this object supposed equity arising from the recommendation of
So far as any claim is interposed, based upon a
Regarding this as substantially a proposition on the we departed from the river to secure the unobstruc- the King of the Netherlands, we have only to refer
part of the United States, with the knowledge and ted use of the accustomed way from Quebec to Hali- to our former note for our views on that topic. We
assent of Great Britain, and as the one, most favora- fax. We are just aware that any objection has been
ble to us which, under any circumstances, the latter made, from any quarter, to this line as not giving up
government would either offer or accept, the under- to Great Britain all that she needed, or could reason-
signed have not failed to bestow upon it the grave ably ask for the above purpose. And although Lord
deliberation and consideration which its nature and Ashburton did not deem it necessary to "examine the
importance, and their responsible position, demand. line (proposed) in its precise details," or to look at a
If the result of that deliberation should not fully jus- map on which it could be most readily be traced, and
tify the expressed hopes or meet the expectations although he has seen fit to say that he was "quite at a
and views of the government of the United States, loss to account for such a proposal," yet he has not
we beg you to be assured that such failure will be intimated that the line suggested fails, in any respect
the result of their firm convictions of duty to the to meet the object we had in view, and which we
state they represent, and will not arise from any frankly and readily avowed. It is well known to
want of an anxious desire, on their part, to bring the you, sir, that we had determined upon no such in-
controversy to an amicable, just, and honorable ter-flexible adherence to that exact demarcation as
It may possibly be intimated in this connexion, as
mination. In coming to this consideration, they would have prevented us from changing it, upon any it has more then once been heretofore, that the com-
have not been unmindful that the state of Maine, reasonable evidence that it did not, in every respect missioners of Maine, and the people of that state,
with the firmest conviction of her absolute right to meet the requirements of the above stated proposi- are disposed to regard the whole territory as clearly
the whole territory drawn into controversy, and sus- tion, in relation to a perfect line of communication. falling within their rightful limits, and are not willing
tained, as she has been, by the unanimous concur- But believing then, as we do now, that it did thus to consider the question as one in doubt and dispute,
rence of her sister states, and of the government of meet all these requirements; and although it was, as and, therefore, one to be settled as if each party had
the union, repeatedly expressed and cordially given, we feel bound to say, the general and confidential ex-nearly or quite equal claims. Certainly, sir, the peo-
and without a wavering doubt as to the perfect prac-pectation of the people of Maine that any relinquish-ple and government of Maine do not deny that the
cability of marking the treaty line upon the face of ment on our part of jurisdiction and territory, would question has been drawn into dispute. They have
the earth, according to her claim, has yet, at all be in part at least, compensated from that strip of con- had too many and too recent painful ovidences of
times,manifested a spirit of forbearance and patience, tiguous territory on the west bank of the St. John; yet, that fact, to allow such a doubt, however much at a
under what she could not but deem unfounded pre- when we were solemnly assured, that no such cession loss they may be to perceive any just or tenable
tensions, and unwarrantable delays, and irritating could be made under his lordship's instructions, we grounds on which the adversary claim is based. For
encroachments. In the midst of all the provocations forebore to press for this reasonable and just ex-years they have borne and foreborne, and struggled to
to resistance, and to the assertion and maintenance change, and contented ourselves with accepting the maintain their right, in a peaceable and yet unflinch-
of her extreme rights, she has never forgotten that limited right of navigation of the river, as the only ing spirit, against what appeared to them injustice
she is a member of the union, and she has endea-equivalent from Great Britain for the territory and from abroad and neglect at home. But they have
vored to deserve the respect, sympathy, and co-ope- jurisdiction we offered to surrender. And, as you yet to learn that the mere fact that an adverse claim
ration of her sister states, by pursuing a course equal- remark, we offered not merely a right of way on land is made and persisted in, and maintained by ingenui-
ly removed from pusillanimity and rashness, and by for a similar cession on the water, but the entirety and ability for a series of years, increasing in ex-
maintaining her difficult position in a spirit that and absolute title to the land and jurisdiction of the tent and varying its grounds as years roll on, is to be
would forbear much for peace, but would yield no- large tract north and east of the line specified. It regarded as a reason why courtesy should require in
thing through fear. At all times, and under all cir- cannot be denied that it preserves to us a frontier in opposition to the fact, a relinquishment of the confi
cumstances, she has been ready and anxious to bring a forest almost impenetrable on the north, which
the controversy to a close upon terms honorable and would defend itself by its own natural character,
equitable, and to unite in any proper scheme to affect and that, if any thing should be deducted from the
that object. In this spirit, and with these convictions, agricultural value of that portion beyond the Mada-
Maine instantly and cheerfully acceded to the propo- waska settlements, on account of its ruggedness and
als of the general government made through you to its want of attraction to settlers, much may justly be
appoint commissioners.
added to its value as a boundary between the two

nations.

have now only to add, that we came to this confer. ence untramelled and free, to see if, in a spirit of amity and equity, we could not find and agree upon some new line, which, while it yielded all that was needed by one party, might fairly be the motive and groundwork for equivalent territory or rights granted to the other; and that we cannot make any admission or consent to any proposition which would not revive, but put vitality and power into that which, up to this time, has never possessed either. We base our whole action on grounds entirely independent of

the arbiter.

dence, or that a continued, adverse, and resisted claim, may yet, by mere lapse of time and reiteration, ripen into a right. But we desire it to be distinctly remembered that, in this attempt to negotiate for a conventional line, Maine has not insisted, or of her title to the whole territory should be a condieven requested, that any formal or virtual admission tion preliminary to a settlement. We hold, and we That no obstacle might be interposed to the succlaim, the right to express, at all times, and in all essful issue of this negotiation, her legislature gave The value of this tract to Great Britain, both in a suitable places, our opinion of the perfect right of to her commissioners ample and unlimited powers, civil and military point of view, cannot be overlook- Maine to the whole territory; and we have never aswhich, but for the presumed necessary of the case, ed. It gives her the much-coveted route for the sumed it, as a point of honor, that our adversary her people would be slow to yield to any functiona- movement of troops in war, and her mails and pas- should acknowledge it. Indeed, we have endeavored ries. Her commissioners, thus appointed and thus sengers in peace, and is most particularly important to view the subject rather in reference to a settleempowered, assumed the duty imposed upon them in case of renewed outbreaks in her North American ment, on even hard terms for us, than to dwell on in the spirit and with the views of the government colonies. The assumption of jurisdiction in the the strong aspect of the case, when we look at the and people of Maine. They came to the negotiation Madawaska settlement, and the pertinacity with with a firm conviction of her rights, but with a dis- which it has been maintained, are practical evidence position and determination to meet a conciliatory of the value attached to the tract by the government proposition for a conventional line in a similar spirit, of her Britannic majesty. and to yield, for any reasonable equivalent, all that We have alluded to these views of the value and they presumed would be asked or desired by the importance of this territory, not with any design of other party. They, with the other citizens of Maine, expressing our regret that we thus offered it, but to were not unapprised of the fact so often alluded to in show that we are fully aware of all these views and our former communications, that England had long circumstances affecting the question, and that we

naked question of our right and title under the treaty. It could hardly be expected, however, that we should silently, and thus virtually, acquiesce in any assumption that our claim was unsustained, and that "the treaty line was not executable." On this point we expressed ourselves fully in a former note.

In returning to the direct consideration of the last proposition, and the terms and conditions attending it, in justice to ourselves and our state, we feel bound

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