mise, possessing abilities and virtues which must in time have raised him to eminence.

At his lodgings, two pair of stairs room, in Angel-court, Windmill-street, Haymarket, 68, Mr. Christopher Bartholemew, formerly proprietor of White Conduit House, which owed its celebrity to the taste he dis played in laying out the gardens and walks, rendering it the first place of resort in the class of tea-gardens. Possessed of a good fortune from his parents, the gardens, and the Angel inn at Islington, being his freeholds; renting 20001. a year in the neighbourhood of Islington and Holloway, remarkable for having the greatest quantity of hay-stacks of any grower in the neighbourhood of London; at that time, the writer of this article was informed by himself, he was worth 50,0001. Not content, he fell a victim to the mania of insuring in the lottery, for which he has paid 1000l. a day. He passed the last 13 years of his life in great poverty, subsisting by the charity of those who knew his better days, and as a juryman of the Sheriffs' Court for the county. In August 1807, he had a thirty-second share in a 20,0001. prize. By the advice of his friends, he purchased an annuity of 601. per annum; yet fatally addicted to that pernicious pursuit, insurance, he disposed of it, and lost it all: a few days before he died, he solicited a few shillings to buy him necessaries. A gentleman in his manners, with a mind rather superior to the generality of men, he at one time possessed the esteem of all who knew him; yet he became the prey of that artful and designing set of men, who are interested in eluding all the laws which are made to prevent their nefarious practices, and which never can be effected while government seduce the individual to pay 201. for the liberty of gambling for 101. This obituary is furnished as a warning to all ranks, particularly the trading one, not to engage in a pursuit which will ultimately be their ruin; and when tempted to insure, let them remember the fate of Bartholemew.

At his house in George-street, Hanoversquare, Mr. Shelley, miniature painter. This ingenious artist has long been distinguished for his merit in the above line, but he rendered that branch of art subservient to the illustration of historical and poetical subjects, which he treated with taste, skill, knowledge, and elegance. He was one of the founders of the exhibition of drawings in water-colours, in which department a degree of excellence has been attained, that demonstrates a considerable advance in the arts of this country, and which far exceeds any thing of the same nature in former times.

At Bath, where he had been some time for the benefit of his health, the Right Hon. Alan Gardner, Baron Gardner of Uttoxeter, in Ireland and Baron Gardner of Uttoxeter in England. This nobleman may be justly considered as the architect of his own fortune. His father

was lieutenant-colonel of the 11th regiment of dragoons, and Alan was the eighth of twelve children by his second wife. Having manifested an early predilection for the naval service, he was stationed at the age of thirteen years, on the quarter deck of the Medway, of sixty guns, and had the good fortune to be placed under the immediate inspection of an excellent officer, Sir Peter Denis, who had been third lieutenant of the Centurion, and was patronized by Commodore, afterwards Lord Anson. In this vessel he remained two years, and was present at an engagement, at the conclusion of which a French ship of the line (the Duc d'Aquitaine) struck her colours to two English men of war. Our young midshipman afterwards accompanied his commander, first into the Namur, of ninety guns, in which he served under the gallant Admiral Hawke, during the expedition against Rochfort, and then into the Dorsetshire, of seventy guns. While on board of the latter, he was taught one of the lessons of the old, which he, in his turn has frequently repeated to the new school. Being cruising with a squadron to the westward, May 29, 1758, a signal was thrown out for his ship to give chase, which she accordingly obeyed, and soon after came up with the Raisonable, a French sixty-four, commanded by the Chevalier de Rohan. Captain Denis did not fire a single gun until he could do it with effect; and then, af ter a close engagement, that continued without interruption from seven until nine o'clock in the evening, obliged the enemy to strike: the number of the killed amounting to sixtyone, and the wounded to one hundred. Mr. Gardner was also on board the Dorsetshire, November the 20th, 1759, in the general engagement off Belisle between the English and French fleets, commanded by Sir Edward Hawke and the Marshal de Conflans; and Captain Denis was one of those officers who particularly distinguished themselves on that occasion. The highest encomiums were bestowed on him personally by the commander in chief, who thanking him for his services, in the warmth of his gratitude declared that the captains of the Dorsetshire and Resolu tion (Denis and Speke) "nad behaved like angels." After near five years constant em ployment, Mr. Gardner in 1760, passed the usual examination, and was appointed a lientenant on board the Bellona, into which he followed his patron, Sir Peter Denis, whỏ was soon after appointed to the Charlotte yatch, for the purpose of bringing over her present Majesty. Under Captain Falconer, who succeeded to the command, he assisted at the capture of Le Courageux, of seventy-four guns, and was in April 1762 promoted to the rank of master and commander and appointed to the Raven, of sixteen guns. Mr. Gardner remained upwards of four years without obtaining any superior rank. In May 1766 he was made post, into the Preston, of fifty guns, which had been fitted out as the flag ship of

Rear

Rear-admiral Parry, whom he accompanied to Port Royal, in Jamaica. As profound peace then prevailed, Captain Gardner had neither an opportunity to distinguish nor to enrich himself. On the expiration of the usual pemod the Preston returned home, and was put out of commission The contest with America, soon after followed by a general war with France, Spain, and Holland, however unfor1 tunate it might prove for the general interest

of the country, yet was attended with many individual advantages, as it rescued a number of promising young men from obscurity, and enabled them to prove serviceable to their country. Captain Gardner had by this time become a husband and a father. While at Jamaica (May 20, 1769) he married Susannah Hyde, the only daughter of Francis Gale. Esq. a planter in Liguania. This lady had, already brought him four children; and as he had now the prospect of a family to the full as numerous as that of his father, and was at the same time ambitious of rising in the ser vice, an appointment of course became an object of consequence to him. Nor did he solieit in vain; he obtained the Maidstone, a frigate of twenty-eight guns, in which he sailed for the West Indies early in 1778, and in the course of that year he fortunately obtained a rich capture on the coast of America. On the 4th of November, while cruising about sixty leagues to the eastward of Cape Henry, he gave chase to and came up with the Lion, a French man of war, with fifteen hundred bogsheads of tobacco belonging to the merchants. Although the hold of this vessel was crowded with merchandize, yet there were forty guns and two hundred men on' board; she therefore sustained a severe action and killed four and wounded nine of the Maidstone's men before she surrendered. Cap. tain Gardner bore away with his prize for Antigua; and soon after his arrival in the West Indies, he was appointed by Vice-admiral Byron to the command of the Sultan of 74 guns. Hitherto the subject of this memoir may be considered merely as a private character; but from this moment he is to be ranked as a public man, occupied with his professional duty, and engaged in almost eve ry great action during the space of the subsequent twenty-two years, which constitute one of the most important epochs in the naval history of Great Britain. Having now obtained a ship of the line, Captain Gardner remained under the command of the gallant but unfortunate Byron, whose fate it was to encounter and combat unceasingly with dangers, difficulties, and hurricanes, in every quarter of the habitable globe. In an engagement which took place with the Count D'Estaing, off the Island of Grenada, the French, instead of being far inferior in force, as had been supposed, exhibited no less than twenty-seven sail of line of battle ships, notwithstanding, which, the Sultan, which was the head most

of the British squadron, gave chace, the moment that the signal was thrown out, and did not return the enemy's fire until she could get into close action. The English admiral was once more unfortunate; for although he determined, notwithstanding his manifest inferiority, to give battle, yet the French always took care to bear up so as to avoid it; and their ships being far better sailers, they were thus enabled, at will, to prevent a decisive engagement. Byron, in his official letters to the lords of the Admiralty, pays many compliments to the gallantry of Vice Admiral Barrington, and the Captains Sawyer and Gardner, the last of whom had no less than Sixteen men killed and thirty-nine wounded. Soon after this drawn battle, the Sultan was ordered to Jamaica, whence Captain Gardner returned the following year to England with a convoy under his care. On his arrival, his ship was paid off; and after remaining for a short time out of commission, towards the end of 1791 he was appointed to the Duke, a second rate of 98 guns, one of the ships sent to reinforce the fleet of Sir George Rodney, who had meanwhile succeeded to the chief command in the West Indies. Captain Gardner had the good fortune to join the Admiral previous to the memorable 12th of April 1782. On that glorious day the Duke was second to the Formidable, the flagship of Sir George Rodney, and Captain Gardner was the first to break through the enemy's line of battle, according to the new plan of attack adopted by the British Admiral on that occasion. During one period of the action, the Duke, in conjunction with the Formidable and Namur, had to sustain the fire of eleven of the enemy's ships, and their loss was proportionably great. On board the Duke thirteen men were killed, and fifty seven wounded, among the former of which were the master and boatswain. Such a spirited conduct entitled Captain Gardner to the particular notice of the commander in chief, who was so well pleased with the exertions of all under him as to remark in an emphati, cal manner, that he wanted words to express how sensible he was of the ineritorious conduct of all the captains, officers, and men, who had a share in this glorious victory obtained by their gallant exertions." Soon after this, a long peace ensued, during which, the subject of this memoir appeared sometimes in a civil, and sometimes in a naval capacity; having acted as commodore on the Jamaica station, on board the Europe of fifty guns, in the years 1785-6-7-8 and 9, and in 1790 as a lord of the Admiralty; he also, as will be seen hereafter, obtained a seat in parliament. Having been at length raised to the rank of rear admiral of the blue Feb. 1, 1793, he soon after hoisted his flag on board the Queen of ninety-eight guns, and on the 24th of March he sailed in the capacity of commander in chief to the Leeward Islands. Upon the arrival of

Admiral

1797, such a dangerous mutiny took place at Portsmouth, that on the 21st of February it was deemed necessary for some persons of authority in the fleet to confer with the delegates. Accordingly the Admirals Gardner, Colpoys, and Pule, repaired on board the Queen Charlotte, then in the possession of the mutineers; but they would not enter into any negociation, as, they said, no arrangement whatsoever could be considered as final until it was sanctioned by both King and parliament. On this Sir Alan was so displeased that, without reflecting on his own danger, he seized one of the chief conspirators by the collar, and swore that every filth man on board should be executed. The crew, in their turn, were so exasperated, that it was with no small difficulty he escaped with his life; after which Lord Bridport's flag was struck, and a bloody one, the emblem of terror, displayed in its place. On this Admiral Gardner, together with two of his lieutenants, were afterwards obliged to go on shore, and he declined an, invitation to return until those officers were also permitted to accompany him; which was at length complied with. He accordingly hoisted his flag as vice admiral of the white, and proceeded to sea in the Royal Sovereign, of one hundred and ten guns, on the 6th of May, to cruise as be.ore, under Lord Bridport, in the Channel. The spirit of mutiny, however, was not yet laid, for it discovered itself once more in June, when the crews of several of the ships behaved in a most audacious manner, and two of his own seamen were condemned to death. We now recur to less disagreeable scenes. It being determined to celebrate the late victories in a solemn manner, St. Paul's cathedral was chosen as the most suitable place, and the 19th of December, 1797, fixed for the day. His Majesty and all the royal family, attended by the great officers of state and both houses of parliament, accordingly repaired,thither to deposit the standards taken from the French, Spaniards, and Dutch. Six Alan Gardner assisted upon this solemn occasion, and the following was the order of the procession:

British peerage, and gold chains and medais were conferred on the following officers: 1. Vice admiral sirS Hood nowLord Bridport T. Graves.

2.

3 Rear-admiral A. Gardner,

4

5.

6,

E. Bowyer,

T. Pasley.

Sir R. Cur.is.

7. Capt. William Hope.

8.

Elphinstone.

Hon. Pakenham.

On

corporation and inhabitants of which were of course well acquainted with his merits. the 13th of June, 1796, he was nominated, in conjunction with Mr. Fox, one of the members for Westminster. It may be doubted, however, whether a naval officer, liable at all times to be sent aboard on public ser❤ vice, is well calculated to represent a city which is the residence of the government, may be considered as the second in the empire, and ought to send two independent le→ gislators to St. Stephen's chapel. Many severe contests have accordingly taken place; and in that with Mr. Tooke, his lordship had to contend with a man of the first-rate talents. He was, indeed, well supported, and attended by a numerous and respectable body of freeholders; but he who had never flinched from a contest with the public enemy, must be allowed to have been overmatched by the wit, satire, and eloquence, of so formidable an antagonist. On this occasion it was well known to all his friends that the gallant ve teran would have rather encountered a shower of cannon-balls, than been exposed to the continual hisses of the mob,, and pelted by the arguments of a popular adversary. At the general election, in 1802, when he was again returned for Westminster, Mr. Fox paid a very high compliment to his virtues and integrity. "A noble admiral (said he) has been proposed to you. I certainly cannot boast of agreeing with bim in political opinions; but whom could the electors pitch upon more worthy of their choice than the noble lord, in

sea.

He

his private character universally respected, and a man who has served his country with a zeal, a gallantry, a spirit, and a splendour that will reflect upon him immortal honour?" The family of Lord Gardner is still more numerous than that of his father, consisting of no less than fourteen children, all of whom, three only excepted, are still alive. Two of the sons are officers in the army, and two in the navy; and it is not a little remark. was actually deliver. able, that his wife ed of one of her children (Samuel-Martin) on board the Europa at is succeeded in his titles by his eldest son the honourable A. H Gardner, born in 1772. His remains were deposited in the Abbey. The funeral was conducted church, Bath. hearse, six mourning coaches, and a long retiwith appropriate grandeur and solemnity; the nue of gentlemen's carriages, formed the procession. Four sons of his lordship paid their last offering of filial affection, as chief mourners; the pallbearers were Admirals Sir C. Knowles, M'Donnell, Sir J. Saumarez, Wolseley, Stirling, and Pickmore. has been seldom seen on any similar occasion in that city so great a concourse of spectators as attended this funeral; all appearing de voutly anxious to pay the last tribute of respect to one of the firmest supporters of our naval renown.

There

At

At Goiambury, near St. Alban's, the Right Honourable James Bucknell Grimston, Viscount Grimston, Baron of Dunboyne, in the kingdom of Ireland, Baron Verulam, of Gorhambury, in the county of Hertford, Great Britain, and a baronet, D. C. L. and F.R.S. His lordship was born in 1747, and was educated at Christ Church, Oxford He succeeded his father in the family titles and estates in 1773, and the following year married Harriet Walter, grand-daughter of Lord Forrester, whom he survived but a few weeks. In 1784 he was returned knight of the shire for the county of Hertford, and on the dissolution of that parliament was created an Eng lish peer by the title of Baron Verulam. He is succeeded by his only son James Walter, born in 1775, who, in right of his mother, lately inherited the barony of Forrester iu Scotland, and in August, 1807, married Lady Charlotte Jenkinson, daughter of the late Earl of Liverpool. The family seat of Gor. hambury Abbey was once the mansion of the venerable Bacon, Lord Verulam, whose gallery inscriptions and several curious per traits are still extant. At this place the deceased nobleman kept a considerable farm in his own hands, and proved himself a skilful and spirited encourager of agricultural improvements.

The Rev. 7. Ewards, a dissenting minister of the unitarian denomination. He was drowned early in the month of September, 1808, whilst bathing in an arm of the sea, near Wareham. This truly good man, and highly useful teacher of religion, was born January 1, 1768, at Ipswich, where his father, the Rev. David Edwards, was pastor of a dissenting congregation of the calvinistic persuasion. It is reported, that in early life, he was designed for naval employment, and with that view was some time at sea. Short however this might be, it is certain he afterwards uniformly discovered that intrepidity, generosity, and nobleness of spirit, for which the British navy has been so long and so justly celebrated. Being as well prepared as young men usually are for entering on a course of academical education, he commenced his studies for the ministry at a seminary, then supported at Hoxton, by the trustees of the late Mr. Coward's will, under the direction of Dr. Savage, Dr. Kippis, and Dr. Rees; and in the year 1785, removed to a similar institution at Daventry upon the same foundation, where he completed his education. It may be proper to remark here that at these seminaries every advantage except one was enjoyed, that could be requisite to prepare yuung men for the successful discharge of ministerial duties; and it is surely singular, that, upon that one, their popularity, and consequently, the extent of their usefulness, chiefly depended. On the theory and practice of elocu tion, no lectures were given; no examples afforded; no exercises required. This study, so essential to the success of public speaking MONTHLY MAC., No. 182.

was, and no doubt still is, in similar institutions, wholly neglected; and to many a man of real talents, both natural, and acquired, the consequence has been, consignment to obscurity, and comparative insignificance for life. Mr. Edwards, however, shewed his good sense by devoting a considerable portion of his time, during his academical course, to the improvement of the capital advantage which nature had given him, in a powerful and melodious voice, for the acquisition of a delivery, that might fix his attention, and give the best effect to his pulpit instructions. This circumstance, as well as the excellence of the first discourses he delivered, excited considerable expectations of him as a preacher, which were not afterwards disappointed. At first, the art of the speaker was by much too visible; but when practice and experience had ripened and mellowed his talents for elocution, every degree of stiffness and formality was nearly worn off, and his delivery was at once easy, and in the highest degree' forcible and impressive In his best days, he was always heard with great attention, and' the younger part of his audience, who are usually most inclined to impatience under public instruction, were accustomed to say, though he was in the hahit of delivering long discourses, and though familiar with his manner, they were never wearied. During the time he spent in preparation for the ministry, he was also remarkable for the regularity of his behaviour, for strict integrity, for a consciencious though unostentatious regard for religion; and for ardour, firmness, independence of mind, and zeal for truth, by which he was distinguished through the rest of his days, and thus rendered an ornament to his sacred, and truly honourable profession. His first settlement as pastor of a congregation, was at Gateacre, near Liverpool. In the year 1791, a year made memorable for ever in English history, by the bitter and unrelenting persecution of one of the greatest and best men this country could boast of; he received a unanimous invitation from a large, and respectable congregation at Birmingham, to officiate as colleague with this deservedly eminent philosopher and divine. A fever, however, to the attacks of which he was afterwards liable, prevented his immediate removal; and, during that interval, the riots alluded to took place, which finally ended in the voluntary banishment of Dr. Priestley, into the wilds of America, and thus was removed one of the principal inducements of Mr. Edwards, as he himself observed, to settle at Birmingham, namely, that he might enjoy the benefit of the converse, advice, and example of this intrepid friend of truth, science, and religion. His colleague in this situation for a few years, was the Rev. David Jones; at that time well known, and highly respected for his spirited, and able publications in the cause of freedom, political and religious, and