was taken from the loom, being made entirely by the weaver Among the Greeks and Romans the most common material for the palla was wool It was often folded about the body simply with a view to defend it from cold, and without any regard to gracefulness of appearance, as in the following cut, taken from an ancient intaglio

A more graceful mode of wearing it was to attach it by means of a brooch, and allow it to hang down from the shoulders, as in the fol Jowing cut, representing the statue of Phocion, in the Vaticar

Et circumtextum croceo, &c. "And a veil bordered all aronn the saffron-hued acanthus," i. e., having a border of yellow aca

thas flowers running all around it. The acanthus generally bears a white flower; one kind, however, yields a flower of a reddish-ye.low bue, and it is to this that Virgil alludes here. The following eut shows specimens of ancient borders to veils and other articles of female attire.

GGG

UUUUU

650-652. Ornatus Argiva Helena, &c. "Ornaments of the Gre cian Helen (the wondrous gift of her mother Leda), which she had brought from Mycenæ, when she was seeking Troy, and an unlawful union (with Paris)," i. c., when she fled from her native land to Troy, there to live in unlawful union with Paris.-Mycenis. Put here for Greece generally, just as Argive is to be taken as equiv alent merely to Graca; for Helen was of Spartan origin, and fled with Paris from Sparta.

653–654. Sceptrum. Consult note on verse 57 of this book.—Ilione maxima natarum, &c. "Ilione, eldest of the daughters of Priam." She married Polymestor, king of Thrace.-Colloque monile baccatum "And a bead necklace," i. e., a necklace consisting of berries, smali spheres of glass, amethyst, &c., strung together. It is a very common error to translate monile baccatum, "a pearl necklace." The ornament of which we are here speaking is frequently shown in an cient paintings, &c., as in the two following cuts.

The following, also, are specimens of other ancient necklaces. the first, small golden lizards alternate with drops. The second one was found at St. Agatha, near Naples, in the sepulchre of a Greek lady. It has 71 pendants. The third, fourth, and fifth, were ound in Etrurian tombs.

655-656. Et duplicem gemmis, &c.

"And a diadem double with gems and gold," i. e., a golden diadem adorned with gems.-Hæc celerans. 44 Hastening these things," i. c., hastening to procure and bring these things. He had received his orders in v. 644, seqq. 657-661. Cytherea. Consult note on v. 257.-Novas artes versat. "Revolves new artifices." Artes is here equivalent to fraudes.Faciem mutatus et ora. 66 Changed in form and look." Facies, though usually denoting the face or visage, is sometimes, as in the present instance, taken for the whole person. Thus, Aulus Gellius remarks, "Quidam faciem esse hominis putant os tantum et oculos et genas; quando facies sit forma omnis, et modus, et factura quædam corporis totius." (N. A., xiii., 29.)

Donisque furentem incendat, &c. "And inflame with the gifts the mpassioned queen, and inwrap the fire (of love) into her very tones," i. e., introduce, or cause to enter, &c. Cicero uses implicare in a similar way: "Dii vim suam naturis hominum implicant." (De Divin., i., 36.) Some connect donis with furentem, but improperly The true idea of the passage appears to be, "incendat reginam et implicet ignem ut amore furat."-Quippe domum timet, &c. "For she lears the line of dubious faith, and the Tyrians of double tongue,"

the treacherous Tyrians, who utter words in two senses, a true and a false one. Bilingues properly means " speaking two languages." The bad faith of the Carthaginians (Punica fides) became proverbial among the Romans.-Domum ambiguam. Venus suspects the line of Dido, from the specimen of treachery that had bec given by Pygmalion. We have altered the punctuation of this passage with Wagner, and placed a semicolon after ignem, and a full stop after bilingues, thus connecting verse 661 with what precedes. The common text has a period after ignem, and, a semicolon after bilingues, which pointing will give quippe the force of “namely.”

662-665. Urit. Disquiets her." Supply eam. Sub noctem "With the night." More literally, "at the approach of night." The poet represents the goddess, like an ordinary mortal, passing sleepless nights through anxiety for her son.-Aligerum Amorem. “The winged god of love.”. - Meæ vires, mea, &c. "My strength, my mighty power," i. e., true source of all thy mother's mighty influ ence.-Patris summi Typhoïa tela. The giant-quelling bolts of the omnipotent Father." Literally, "the Typhoïan missiles," i. e., the thunderbolts with which Jupiter smote down the monstrous giani Typhoeus, when he warred against the skies.

66

Thy aid."-U..

"How."-Nota tibi.

666-672. Tua numina. 64 'Is well known to thee." The plural for the singular, notum tibs est, in imitation of an idiom prevalent among the Greek tragic writers. Thus, δεδογμέν', ὡς ἔοικε, τήνδε κατθανεῖν, " It is decreed, as it seems, that this female die." (Soph., Antig., 576.)—Et nostro doluisti, &c. "And thou hast often sorrowed amid my sorrow," i. e., hast often grieved to see me grieve.

Hunc. This brother of thine."-Et vereor, quo, &c. "And I fear me, whither this Junonian hospitality may be tending," i. e., this hospitality in a city over which Juno presides.-Haud tanto cessabit, &c. "She will not cease (from her machinations) in so crit ical a posture of affairs." More literally, "at so important a hin ging-point of affairs."

673-674. Capere ante dolis, &c. "To make the queen my own, beforehand, by dint of stratagems, and to encircle her with the flame (of love)," i. e., to surround her so effectually with love for Æneas, that this may form an irresistible barrier to any evil machinations of Juno.-Ne quo se numine mutet. "That she may not change her sentiments through the influence of any divinity."

676–682. Quả. 'In what way." Supply ratione.-Nostram nunc accipe mentem. Listen now to my scheme."-Regius puer. Asca mus, as Eneas is often called rex Eneas.-Accitu. "On the sum