It; there feems, however, to be fome difficulty remaining: As the intermediate bank, which is higher than the cattle in the meadows beyond it, is, in this cafe, feen through the same medium as that through which the cattle are seen, how does it happen that this bank is not proportionably elevated by the fame refraction that elevates the cattle? If it is, it is plain that it will intercept the view of the cattle as much when both are seen through a denfe medium, as when both are seen through a rare one.

V. A farmer faved fome blown, or hoved cattle, by injecting with a large pewter fyringe the following clyfter:

A

B

"Of carraway-feeds, juniper-ber. ries, bay-berries, chamomile flowers, and coriander-feeds, of each an handful; bruise the seeds in a mortar, and put all into three quarts of water, boil C it to two quarts, strain it, and diffolve in it of Glauber's falt and common falt half a pound each, add a pound of butter, or a pint of oil, and half an ounce of chemical oil of anifeed."-A cow that was dying when this clyfter was injected, was well in two hours, and foon after brought a fine calf.

D

VI. A large flock of theep may be conveniently counted by marking them with numbers in a regular feries as they come to hand, for which purpose ten marking irons, expreffing the nine fimple figures, and a cypher, will be neceffary; a pocket-book must be kept, E in which these numbers are written, and when the sheep are to be counted, a little dot must be made with a black lead pencil, that will rub out, against the number of the feveral sheep, as they fucceffively appear; thus, if any is miffing, the number in the book anfwering to that with which the miffing F theep is marked, will stand without a dot, and when each is dotted, as it is feen, no one can be counted twice.

If a sheep dies, or is loft, or fold, the number in the book correfponding with that with which he was marked, must be fcratched out.

VII. An estimate of the expence of building a stove for raifing pine-apples, together with the annual charges for tan, labour, &c.

A ftove, 40 feet long, and 12 wide, is the proper fize for one fire place, and contains as much air as one fire will properly warm; such a stove will produce about 150 pines a year.

The height in front is three feet, and in the back part about seven feet. The front, one end, and roof, to be (Gent, Mag, OCT. 1764.)

of glass, the other end brick, where fhould be a room about 12 feet fquare, and it ought not to be lefs, for the convenience of laying the fuel, and for making the fire. The dimenfions of the flues are known to every bricklayer afed to the work.

The expence of building such aftove will be about 80%. fuppofing all the materials to be new,and at the prices given in London and its neighbourhood, but if you have the conveniency of a wall ready built to erect it againft, it will fave about 157.

The price of the plants will be according to their fizes, from two or three fhillings each, to ten or twelve, and entirely depends on how long you will wait for fruit, and whether you will buy such as will produce fruit of only one pound weight each, or two or three pounds; but about 50 pounds will flock it properly at first to have fruit immediately.....

The yearly Expence is as follows:

Eight hundred bushels of tan to
fill the pit at firft, at three half-
pence per bufhel
Sixteen load, carriage
Three chaldrons and a half of

-

coals, at 36. percbaldron
Two hundred bushels of tan more,
to keep the bed level with its
former height, at three half-
pence per bufhel
Four loads carriage
Filling the pit with tan, and plant-
ing the pots, two days, two
men, at 25. a day each
Stirring the tan up, and adđing
fresh four times more, at Do.
The time in attending the fires,
watering, &c. is worth at the
moft is. 6d. per week, which

comes to

Repairing the windows, painting,
and whitewashing

Total

1. 5.

0 16

6 6

I

- 21

The afhes from your house, and rub. G bish from your garden, and, where you can get peat or turf cheap, will abate fomething in coals; and I think there are few places in England where all the articles together will coft so much: thus you will have 150 pines of one pound and a half weight each, one with another, for less than 37. a-piece; and, with good management, most of them will weigh two or three pounds a-piece, especially if you plant only your prime crowns and fuckers.

Belides pines, you may have vines

Rre

come

478 come through the walls, and nailed to the roofs, and on the Aues, Frenchbeans, ftrawberries, and cucumbers. VIII. It has been generally thought yield a good crop but Never dung the wheat, becaufe dung produces weeds; but lay on the dung before the peas are lowed, then the frequent hoeings the peas require contribute much to deftroy the weeds. IX. A cure for the gripes, whitefcour, and flux in theep.

the 120 ROOI will fucceed a

in a fandy or only gravelly loam after wheat by the following method: After harveft,clear the field of tubble as much as poffible in the firft ploughing go as deep as you can, that the exhaufted

Fearow it down smooth,

X Precautions relative to feeding down wheat with theep. of r

1. Never turn fheep into wheat, if the land is rich with dungs

2. Such wheat only as was early fown fhould be fed down and no fheep hould be put in after the end of January, for in every plant there is a knot or crown of the root whence all the branches iffue; if this is above ground when theep are put in, they will bite it off, and then the crop can come to nothing.

E3 Wheat fhould not be fed, except the land is pretty clear of weeds, and has ftrength and fubftance enough to afford the wheat plenty of nourishment.

4. If the farmer doubts the ftrength of his land, he should afford his wheat a top dreffing of foot, afhes, malt-duft, or whatever other manure, quite free from weeds, he may have at hand.

5. Let not the farmer be uneafy, if after feeding down his wheat with the above precautions the plants ftand at a distance, for each plant will throw out a number of branches, and the crop will be abundant. One general obfervation is added of great importance to gentlemen farmers. The profits of farming are not in proportion to the produce of the land, but in proportion to the produce of the land relative to the expence that has been bestowed upon it. A farmer had two fields in wheat, each 20 acres, on one he laid 50 pounds worth of dung, andit produced him 4 quarter an acre on the other he laid no dung, but only gave it two ploughings, and it pro

duced

Epitome of the Philofophical Tranfactions.

of her body were rigid and motion- the patient, and the could not only lefs; by the contraction of thofe of ftand erect, and walk, but run like othe back, the of facram, and hips, were ther children of her age; her colour drawn towards the fhoulders, fo that alfo gradually recovered with her the fpine formed an arch, and the A ftrength, her breath became Tweet, flexor mufcles of the thighs being and the had the appearance of health stronger than the extenfors, the legs and vigour, only the temporal and were drawn up almost to the hams. maffeter mufcles, which were firft feized, were not quite fo loofe as the

The left arm was the only limb the could move, and of this only the wrift,reft in March 1763, the time when this hand, and fingers were perfectly free, but the mufcles fubfervient to the mo- B tions of the eyes, lips, were unaffected, and fond tongue, thofe that were concerned in breathing and fwallowing, sallit 21 deupds, bas

its egg; this foon produces a maggot, about an inch long, and as thick as a goofe-quill, which remains at the farther end of the neft, and is fed by flies, which the parent wafp brings to it, till it changes into the nymph ftate, after which it eats no more till it becomes a perfect wafps A wafp was obThe mufcles fubfervient to the mo- ferved to alight on a heap offandy tion of the lower jaw, neck, and arms, loam, holding a fly under its wings were then fimply electrified every day, with one of its feet, and feratching aan affiftant properly placed holding the Gway the fand with the others; it was patient in his arms. In about a traced into its neft, where the maggot fortnight the convulfions left her, and was found with feveral flies lying near her fleeps were longer, and more qui-it, and the remains of many more. et, though the rigidity appeared to be the fame: Other parts of the body were then made part of the electric circuit, and thaken by the explofion of the charged vial. In about a fortnight more the jaw was loofer, and the mufcles of the neck and arms had fome degree of motion; they alfo encreased in fize, and the patient in ftrength; by the end of January every mufcle in the body was obedient to the will of

XII. An account of the plague at
Aleppo, in the year 1761, by the Rev.
Mr Daves, chaplain to the factory.
H

This plague began in the fummer of 1761, and continued till 1762 but it was preceeded by many calamities, of which we received no authentic or particular account, w bssist new

The winter of 1759 was fo fevere, that the mercury in Farenbeit's thes mometer, after being a few minutes

expofed to the open air, funk intirely into the ball of the tube; yet Aleppo lies in latitude 36 deg, which is 16 degrees nearer to the line than London: This cold deftroyed millions of olive trees that had furvived so winters, and alfo many thousand people. The There is a rich iron ore in America, failure of a crop the fucceeding harvelt produced a famine, for, in this called the Virginia black fand, which land of indolence and oppreffion, no yields half its quantity of fine mallea ble, metal, if mixed with what the provifion is made but from hand to author of this article calls a flux of a mouth. The famine was fo fevere, that in many places children expired very peculiar nature, which he does in the arms of their mothers, who de, not difclofe. The whole of this article circumlocutory, and verbofe, voured them as foon as they were bis very sc and, though it fills 13 pages, he that dead: Many people from the adjacent mountains and villages, came and of- odreads it for information will be greatly fered their wives and children to fale ahdifappointed. It appears by a letter from Mr Jared Elliot, to the fecretary at Aleppo for a few dollars, to procure gi a fhort refpite from the pangs of hun-for encouraging arts, &c. that from 83 pounds of this fand, he produced a ger, and the approach of death; and C men and dogs might be feen in the bar of excellent iron, weighing fifty streets fcratching at the fame dunghill pounds: His manner of making the for a piece of carrion or a bone. iron is, to fmelt the fand in a common bloomary, in the fame manner as other This famine was followed by a plague, which latted the greatest part of the iron ore is melted, except that as it year 1758, and fwept away near 60,000 is washed very clean, he found it nefouls. dauceflary to add the flag, or cinder, that iffues from other iron, to promote the The years 1759 and 1760 were dif tinguished by troubles and earth- Dfmelting asw ad 1997 1990 quakes; and at the end of Marchew1bXIV. An account that the winter of 1761, the plague, which had laid dor-lo760 was remarkably cold at Berlin. mant fince the last autumn, made its XV. An account of a remarkable darkness at Detroit in America(This appearance again, and, about May, fpread univerfally, and fome continu-article is inferted at large, p. 408) ed to die of it till the middle of Sep- baboXVd. An account of a remarkable marine infect. This will be inferted tember 1762; during the months of E June and July, the burials were from at large with a cut. sv to esibem 2 to 300 a day; the factory was fhutadt up, but the found of men finging be fore the corps, and the fhrieks of women for the dead were never out of The author of this article, among their ears; as the heat of the weather obliged them to fleep on the terrace other things, remarks, that the obferof the houses, their reft was perpetu-vations of this phænomena made at ally interrupted by thefe founds of F the Cape of Good Hope, prove the horihorror, which the filence of the night om zontal parallax of the fun to be 8.1f, made itill more affecting od sol armor 8.3 at the moft, (See Art I. where, sai Among other particulars related of according to Mr Short, it is 8.65.) this plague are the following. EwThis article contains alfo an account A woman was delivered of a child with the plague fores upon it, thoughs the mother was entirely free. A wo-is man that fuckled her own child, which was about 5 months old, was feized hod with the plague, and died in a week, yet the child, though it fucked and lay in the fame bed, during the whole diforder, escaped the infection: A woman, more than 100 years of age, was feized with the plague, and reco vered her two grand children, one H of which was 12 years old, and the other 16, both caught the infection from her and died.

XVII A leter relating to the late transit of Venus; by M. Wargentin, lewcretary to the Royal Academy of Swedenini slitslov

of feveral obfervations of Jupiter's fatellites, made at the places where the tranfit was obferved, in order to fix their longitudes, 981 go to

XVIII. Remarks on the cenfure of Mercator's chart, in a potthumous work noof Mr Weft of Exeter's by S. Dunn.

The author of this article fays, that the cenfure of Mercator's chart is foundmoed upon the words, and not the fenfe of Edward Wright, the inventor; and that Wright and his cenfurer were of the fame opinion.

XIX. An irrefragable defence of
Mer-