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PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SIXTH MINERAL WASTE UTILIZATION

SYMPOSIUM

INDUSTRIAL WASTES-SCRAP METAL-MINING WASTES-MUNICIPAL REFUSE

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Engineering

тр 995

.AI

M66

1978

PERMISSION AND INQUIRIES

Information contained herein may be freely quoted, provided the author and this PROCEEDINGS are properly credited. Inquiries regarding individual papers should be directed to the respective authors. Inquiries regarding the overall Symposium as well as future ones should be directed to the U.S. Bureau of Mines, Division of Solid Wastes, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20241.

Additional copies of this PROCEEDINGS are available. Send a check for $30.00 each to IIT Research Institute, P.O. Box 4963, Chicago, Illinois 60680. Copies of the FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, FOURTH AND FIFTH SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS are also available at $12.50, $15.00, $17.50, $20.00 and $22.50 each, respectively.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a pleasure to acknowledge
Donna J. Cahill, Doris J. Dickson
and Ronald L. Smith for corrective
and special typing. Joan Pawelski
provided editorial assistance.

Eugene Aleshin
Editor

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 78-51970

FOREWORD

The United States, as a modern industrialized nation, is the product of constantly advancing technology. Our mobility, our affluence, and our high overall standard of living are manifestations of technological progress. So is solid waste pollution.

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Technology can and does create pollution. Fortunately, it can also be applied to control and abate this very same pollution. In these days of energy shortage, we can no longer ignore the importance of solid wastes, no matter what form they take on - industrial, mining, agricultural or domestic. The importance of handling, discharge and conversion of solid wastes is of public concern. Our environment must be made compatible to ecological consequences. It is the objective of the Sixth Mineral Waste Utilization Symposium to be of service to those who are sincerely concerned in both energy and environment, and who wish to share their views to evolve either directly or indirectly in the practice of recycling and disposal of solid

wastes.

Recycling is an economic phenomenon. The extent a given material is recycled is a function of the values of socalled secondary materials in relation to so-called virgin materials. These relative values can change as a result of many factors, including changing technology, tax policies, transportation and new applications. It is the theme of this Symposium to look at both technical and economic factors, to describe progress over the last ten years, to point out problems resulting from utilization of solid wastes and development of new solutions to these problems.

Seymour A. Bortz
Symposium Chairman

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