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fection of a young mind that is not well stayed, but defirous by fome bold adventures to make proof of himself, For being (as they all be) brought up idely without awe of parents, without precepts of malters, and without fear of offence; not being directed, nor employed in any courfe of life which may carry them to virtue; will eafily be drawn to follow fuch as any hall fet before them for a young mind cannot reft. If he be not ftill bufied in fome goodness, he will find himself fuch bufnefs, as thall foon busy all about him. In which, if he shall find any to praise him, and to give him encouragement, as thofe Bardes and Rythmers do for little reward, or a fhare of a ftoln cow, then waxeth he most infolent and half mad with the love of himself, and his own lewd deeds. And as for words to fet off fuch lewdnefs, it is not hard for them to give a goodly and painted fhew thereunto, borrowed even from the praifes which are proper to virtue itself. As of a must notorious thief and wicked out-law, which had lived all his life-time of fpoils and robberies, one of their Bardes in his praife will fay, that he was none of the idle milk-fops that was brought up by the fire-fide; but that most of his days he spent in arms and valiant enterprifes: that he did never eat his meat, before he had won it with his fword: that he lay not all night flugging in a cabin under his mantle; but used commonly to keep others waking to defend their lives; and did light his candle at the flames of their houfes, to lead him in the darkness; that the day was his night, and the night his day: that be loved not to be long wooing of wenches to yield ro him; but where he came, he took

However, we find that on the extinction of learning, and increase of barbarifm in this kingdom, the native vigour of the poetic ftock again fhot up in a fucceeding age, and for want of a proper culture, was again become one of the ruling evils of the country, in the time of Spenfer; who gives the following animated defcription of their, fongs and character: "There is amongst the Irish a certain kind of pe ple called Bardes, which are to them inftead of poets, whofe profeflion is to fet forth the praifes or difpraifes of men in their poems or rythmes; the which are had in fo high regard and eftimation amongst them, that none dare displease them for fear to run into reproach through their offence, and to be made infamous in the mouths of all men. For their verfes are taken up with a general applaufe, and ufually fung at all feafts and meetings by certain other perfons, whofe proper function that is, who alfo receive for the fame great rewards and reputation a mongst them."-"Thefe Irish Bardes are for the most part fo far from inftru&ing young men in moral difcipline, that they themselves do more deferve to be fharply difciplined; for they feldom ufe to choose unto themselves the doings of good men for the arguments of their poems; but whomfoever they find to be moft licentious of life, moft bold and lawless in his doings, moft dangerous and defperate in all parts of difobedience and rebellious difpofition; him they set up and glorify in their rythmes, him they praife to the people, and to young men make an example to follow." Thus" evil things being decked and attired with the gay attire of goodly words, may eafily deceive and carry away the af

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by force the spoil of other men's love, and left but lamentation to their lovers; that his music was not the harp, nor lays of love, but the cries of people, and the clashing of armour; and finally, that he died, not bewailed of many, but made many wail when he died, that dearly bought his death."" I have caufed divers of these poems to be tranflated unto me, that I might understand them; and furely, they fa

voured of fweet wit and good invention; but skilled not of the goodly ornaments of poetry; yet were they sprinkled with some pretty flowers of their natural device, which gave good grace and comeliness unto them; the which it is great pity to fee fo abused, to the gracing of wickedness and vice, which with good ufage would ferve to adorn and beautify virtue."

The natural and acquired Endowments requifite for the Study of the Law, taken from a Pamphlet lately published, by a Barrifter.

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taking accurate notes of the cafes, arguments, and folemn judgments thereon, and placing the fame under proper heads or titles.

7. A competent knowledge of fpecial pleading, and of the civil and crown laws, with a perfect underftanding of the law of evidence, tenures, deeds, and operations thereof.

8. A general knowledge of hiftory, and the policies of government, men, manners, and customs.

9. Great command of temper, and fteadiness of mind and countenance; much courage, tempered with good manners.

ro. A good conftitution, great affiduity, and temperance.

An Artificial Water for writing Letters of Secrecy. TAKE vitriol, finely powdered,

put a little thereof into a new ink-horn, pour clean water on it, and after it has stood a little, write therewith either on vellom or paper, and the writing cannot be feen any other way, than by drawing the letter through a water, which is thus prepared: take a pint of water, put it into one ounce of powdered galls, temper it together, and

ftrain it through a cloth, put the water into a dish that is wide enough and draw your writing through it, and you will read it as you do other writings; and to make the fecret contents lefs liable to fufpicion, you may write on the contrary fide of the paper or parchment with black writing ink, matters of lefs confequence.

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A Genealogical Account of CoorER, Earl of Shaftsbury.

HIS noble family is defcended from Richard Cooper, Efq; who flourished in the reign of Henry VIII. and in the year 1532, purchafed the manor of Paulet in Somerfetfhire, from Sir Amias Paulet. This eftate is ftill in the family, and worth above twelve hundred pounds a year. He died the eighth of May 1566, and was fucceeded by his only fon John Cooper, Efq; born on the 24th of September, 1552. He ferved in that parliament for the borough of Whitchurch in Hampshire, was knighted by queen Elizabeth, and died on the 24th of November, 1610.

His only fon John Cooper, Efq; fucceeded him, and was created a baronet on the 4th of July, 1622, and afterwards knighted by king James I. He married Anne, daughter and fole heir of Sir Anthony Ashley of Winborne St. Giles, in Dorfetfhire, and died on the 23d of March, 1631, and was fucceeded by his eldest fon Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, one of the greatest Itatesmen in the kingdom, and who was afterwards created earl of Shaftsbury, and constituted lord high chancellor.

This great man was a ftudent of Exeter college in Oxford, whence he was removed to Gray's-Inn, and there made a very confiderable progrefs in the study of the laws of his country. In the year 1639, he was unanimously chofen one of the members for Tewkesbury in Gloucefterfhire, and foon became a celebrated fpeaker, though only then about twenty-five years of age.

At the breaking out of the civil war, he raifed a regiment for his majefty's fervice, being then highMay 1764.

sheriff of Dorsetshire, and was made governor of Weymouth; but colonel William Ahburnham being appointed governor of Dorfetfhire, Sir Anthony imagined his loyalty was fufpected. He therefore came to London and offered his fervice to the parliament, who readily conferred on him a regiment of horse, together with the command of all the forces in Dorfetfhire. He did not however enter into all the views of that party; for he oppofed the ufurpation of Cromwell with great fpirit and intrepidity; fo that Sir Anthony, together with about an hundred other members, were forcibly prevented from entering the house of commens. He therefore joined in a remonftrance, drawn up with remarkable energy, in which the abfolute and arbitrary power affumed by the protector was expofed, and every individual invited to oppose it. They very justly ob. ferved, that the fmall number of members fuffered by the protector to remain in the houfe, could never be confidered as the reprefentatives of the people; nor were they intrufted to confent to any thing in behalf of the nation, if the reft were excluded from fitting and debating matters in the house. This had fuch an influence on the next convention called by the protector, that the members began to question his authority. Cromwell therefore dif folved them, and from that moment difcountenanced and oppreffed both the prefbyterian and republican

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