his friends to turn their eyes upon the king, being perfuaded that his reftoration would prove lefs op. preffive than the tyrannical government of Cromwell. They alfo hoped that as the king's circumstances were very narrow, and most of the princes of Europe had forfaken him, it would not be difficult to eftablish the prefbyterian fect, and reduce the prerogatives of the crown within proper limits, if they engaged to aflift in his reftoration. Soon after this confederacy was formed, Cromwell paid the debt of nature; and the Rump parliament appointed Sir Anthony one of their council of ftate, and a commiffioner for managing the affairs of their army. This promotion did not how ever divert him from his defign of restoring the king; and in the year 1659, he was accufed before the houfe of keeping a correfpondence with the king, and raising men to join Sir George Booth, who was known to be collecting troops for his majetty's fervice. In confequence of this accufation he was, with many other gentlemen of rank and fortune, thrown into prifon; but acquitted on his trial, and the Rump afterwards intrufted him with the command of a regiment of horfe, which was one of the first corps that declared for general Monk and a free parliament. When the convention declared for the king, he was one of the twelve commoners fent by the houfe to the king, with fix lords, to defire his majefly would condefcend to take upon him the government of England, where he would find all poffible affection, duty, and obedience from all his fubjects. But during Sir Anthony's stay in Holland, waiting upon his fovereign, he was overturned in his carriage, whereby he received a dangerous wound in his fide, which was afterwards opened under the direction of the famous Dr. Willis. In His majefty landed at Dover on the 25th of May, and Sir Anthony, together with general Monk, was the next day fworn at Canterbury of the privy-council; the king wifely confidering that those whofe advice had already been fo fuccefsful in planning the restoration, might be highly neceffary in eftablishing him on the throne of his ancestors. the month of October following, he was appointed one of the commiffioners for trying the regicides; and three days before the coronation he was created a baron of this kingdom, by the title of lord Ashley of Winborne St. Giles, Soon after he was made chancellor and undertreasurer of the exchequer, and on the death of George, duke of Albemarle, one of the commiffioners of the treafury. On the 20th of January, 1671, he was conftituted lord-lieutenant of Dorfetfhire, and on the 23d of April 1672, created lord Cooper of Paulet in the county of Somerfet, and earl of Shaftsbury. Sir Orlando Bridgeman refigning the great feal on the 17th of November fellowing, the earl of Shaftsbury was confiituted lord high chancellor of England. This important office he executed with fuch prudence, candour, honour, and integrity, that hardly any one of his decrees were ever reverfed. When the Dutch war was under confideration, he made a very remarkable fpeech in the house of peers, in which he fuggefted that the Hollanders were our greatest enemies in point of trade, and therefore ought to be extirpated; Delenda et Carthage. He always advised the king to agree with his parliaments; and though he complied with his majefty in his declaration for an indulgence to diffenters, it was only with defign to unite all proteftants under one head; thinking it his duty to protect all his majefty's proteftant fubjects, who only differed in fome points of worship. At the fame time he promoted the teft for rendering papifts incapable of enjoying any office or place of truft, which obliged the duke of York to throw up all his commitlions, and who from that moment became the chancellor's irreconcileable enemy. Soon after the duke prevailed upon the king to take the feals from the earl of Shafifbury, who now became as ftrenuous an oppofer of the court, as he had been before an advocate for its measures; nor could all the offers of pofts and honours made him by his majefty, prevail upon him to rejoin the minifterial party. The king was now wholly governed by French councils, and was without a parliament for fifteen months, during which the earl formed a ftrong party, who declared for the proteftant religion, and the intereft of England. But queftioning the authority of the parliament, after fo long a prorogation, he was, together with the duke of Buckingham, the earl of Salisbury, and the lord Wharton, committed to the Tower, where he continued thirteen months. In the year 1679, he was appointed lord prefident of the coun-, cil; but perfifting in his oppofition to the duke of York's facceeding to the crown, and the arbitrary meafures purfued by the court, he was removed from his poft on the fifth of October following; when find ing every method was taken by his enemies to ruin him, he retired to Holland, where he died on the 224 of January 1682. His lordship married three wives; the first was Margaret, daughter of Thomas lord Coventry, by whom he had no children; the fecond Frances, daughter to David earl of Exeter, by whom he had one fon named Anthony, afterwards earl of Shaftfbury; and the third Margaret, daughter to William lord Spencer, by whom he had no iffue. Anthony his only fon and fucceffor was born on the 15th of January1651, and married Dorothy daughter to John earl of Rutland, by whom he had three fons and four daughters. He died on the 10th of November 1599, and was fucceeded by his eldeft fon Anthony. This nobleman was born on the 26th of February 1670, and rendered himself famous. by his writings, particularly a work entitled "Characteriflicks of men, manners, opinions, and times." He married Jane, daughter of Thomas Ewer of Bufhy-hall in Hertfordshire, Efq; and died at Naples on the 15th of February 1713. He was fucceeded by his only fon Anthony, the prefent earl of Shaftfbury, who, on the 12th of March 1725, married lady Sufan Noel, fifter to Baptift earl of Gainfborough. This lady died without iffue on the 12th of March 1725, and his lordfhip has fince married Mary fecond daughter to lord Folkftone. Armorial Bearings.] Argent, three bulls paffunt, fable, armed and unguled, or. Creft.] On a chapeau, gules, turned up, ermine, a bull pallant, fable, gorged with a mural coronet, and armed, or. I i2 Supporters.] Supporters.] On the dexter fide a bull fable, his ducal collar, or. On the fiuifter, a talbot, azure, gorged as the dexter. Motto.] Love, ferve. T Chief Seats.] At Winborne St. Giles, in Dorsetshire ; at Rockburn-houfe in Hamphire; and in Margaret-ftreet, Cavendish Square, London. The HISTORY of MORADDIN, Prince of Indostan, An ORIENTAL TALE. HE court of the Mogul furpaffes all thofe of Afiatic monarchs in luxury and magnificence. Its princes and great men flumber away their lives upon the down of indolence; and the law of the holy prophet is there either disbelieved or neglected. Moraddin, born to hold the fceptre of Indoftan, though by nature endowed with all the virtues which form the hero, by the education he received at the court of Delly was fo much foftened and enervated, that in his youth he did not feem to promife even to furpaís other monarchs diftinguished by the eminence to which fortune had raised them, and rather illuftrious for their dignity than confpicuous for their virtues. But it was the intention of fate that Moraddin fhould reform the manners of the Indians; and a paffion which feemed to be one of his greatest faults, made him form a refolution which procured him thofe opportunities of improvement which he muft otherwife have wanted. So great was Moraddin's love for novelty, that a repetition of the fame pleasures difgufted him, and the eager defire of fome new enjoyment made the delights which he had fo often tafted, altogether infipid. Mufick could not charm his ear, nor could wine exhilarate his fpirits; the beauties of the feraglio, whofe en dearments had fatiated him, threw out their attractives in vain; they could no longer lull his fenfes to repofe. He found fomething was wanting to his happiness; and that uneafinefs of mind, which took its rife from the defire of novelty, made him, in his heart, prefer the rugged paths of virtue to the luxury of a court, where nights and days are confumed in a tumultuous fucceffion of delights, and where the mind, hurried by a variety of pleasing objects, can find folid fatisfaction in none. He therefore determined to quit Delly in difguife, and travel through the extenfive regions of Perfia, which being then embroiled by a civil war between Ibrahim and Muley Haffan, who were rivals for fovereign fway, might, he thought, afford him an opportunity of difplaying thofe abilities and exercising that virtue which were loft to mankind, whilft his life was paffed away in the pleasures and diffipations of a court. No fooner was he arrived in Perfia, but he found his heart dilate with joy; to be deprived of the ease and pleasures of a feraglio, appeared to him the higheft felicity, because the want of fenfual gratifications could not but be more than compenfated by the full enjoyment of liberty, with which the forms and ceremonies of a court are as inconfiftent as the confinement of of a dungeon. His hopes were fanguine, and the exultation of his mind seemed to him to be a prognostic of fuccefs in his enterprise. He did not foresee all the difficulties, dangers, and disappointments which he had to encounter, and which made him afterwards more than once repent his undertaking, and wish he had never forfaken the luxurious ease of the feraglio. Succefs attended him for a confiderable time, and he vainly prefumed that this fuccefs would be uninterrupted, and that he was privileged from even suffering thofe calamities which had not approached him at his firft launching out into the world. He without hesitation efpoufed the caufe of Muley Haffan, not fo much because he thought it more just than that of his adverfary, as becaufe there was a conformity between their characters, which could not fail of determining him in his faMuley Haflan and Moraddin united, took the field against Ibrahim, and defeated him in feveral battles; fo that Ibrahim was conftrained to retire to a fortrefs upon the confines of the empire,, and Muley Haflan was feated upon the throne of Perfia. The exaltation of Muley Haffan was the immediate confequence of that of Moraddin; and indeed he was bound in gratitude to raise the man to whose valour he was indebted for his kingdom. Moraddin being become the vifir of Muley Haffan, in that ftation discovered as much conduct as he had difplayed valour in the field. To fuperintend the adminiftration foon became cafy to him: for fuch was the force of his genius, that he eafily became mafter of the policy of a court, though in his early youth he had been acquainted only with vour. its pleafures. Unexpected fuccefs is too apt to beget confidence, and the favours beftowed upon men by fortune, too frequently make them forget its fickleness. Thus it happened with Muley Haffan and his vifir Moraddin: they both thought their greatness established so strongly that nothing could fhake it; they equally owed their profperity to each other, and looked upon each other as sufficient vouchers for its continuance. The valour and abilities of Moraddin filled Muley Haffan with confidence, and confirmed him in an opinion that his empire was fixed upon the firmeft foundation. He was fecure of the fidelity of his vifir, and thought that the monarch who had fuch a minifter to direct his councils, and fuch a general to lead his armies, could have nothing to fear, from his enemies. Moraddin, secure of the favour of a prince whom he had raised to fovereign sway, was fatisfied with being the next to him in power, and aspired no higher. He almoft forgot that he had been born a prince, and that he might one day lay claim to the fceptre of Indoftan. Profperity does not always laft; the angel of evil, who for a long time had not vifited Muley Haffan or Moraddin, after a certain time made them the objects of his wrath, and they became companions in affliction, as they had before been partners in profperity. Ibrahim, who had a confiderable party amongst the Perfians, found means to corrupt many of the governors of Muley Haffan's garrifons; and, having levied an army of a hundred thousand men, marched towards Ifpahan, determined to dethrone his rival, or die in the attempt. Muley Haffan, being apprized too late of this refolution of Ibrahim, marched against him with an army inferior in number, and not equally well difciplined; Moraddin, whofe valour filled him with confidence, attending him to the field. The army of Muley was defeated by that of Ibrahim at the first onfet; and the victor, who was exafperated to cruelty by being fo long deprived of what he thought his right, caufed the eyes of Muley Haffan to be put out, and confined him for life in a cafile of Ifpahan, where he remained the reft of his days a miferable example of the transitory nature of all human felicity. Moraddin, who had fought bravely, and a long time made the fortune of the day doubtful, formed a refolution to quit Perfia, left he fhould fall into the hands of the merciless conqueror, from whom he expected a treatment as fevere as that which Muley Haffan had received. Calamity, though it vifited him for the first time, did not fo deprive him of prefence of mind, as to prevent him from taking the beft measures for eluding the vigilance of the enemy, and fecuring himself by flight. He difguifed himself in cloaths of the meaneft fort, and long wandered through the deferts of Perfia, fuffering all the miferies that the most incigent and forlorn wretches are expofed to. It was now Moraddin first knew real mifery, and he never before knew the full value of the blefings which he had been deprived of. The affluence and pleasures he had enjoyed at the courts of Delly and Ipahan, appeared to him to be gifts of Heaven which claimed a return of conftant gratitude; and he became fenfible that in his exalted flation he had too much neglected Allah, to whom he was indebted for all his greatnefs. He therefore formed a refolution to make the adoration of the Almighty his first care, during the remainder of his life, and he determined, in cafe he ever afcended the throne of his ancestors, to make the law of the holy prophet as much revered in the realms of Indoftan, as at the holy city of Mecca, where crowds of pilgrims offer up their yearly vows before his tomb. In continuing his journey through Perfia, the many diftreffes he fuffered, being fometimes obliged to travel whole days in the fnow, and often obliged to lie upon the bare ground, and the various fcenes of mifery which he beheld amongst the cottagers, upon whofe charity he fubfifted, though they had hardly the means of fubfifting themfelves, fuggefted to him that fultans and emperors, who fhould be the fathers of their people, must be greatly criminal in neglecting thofe committed, by Providence, to their care; for to their negle&ing their duty, he juftly attributed the poverty and wretchedness of their fubjects. The earth, said he to himfelf, produces in abundance every thing neceffary to the fupport of its inhabitants; why then are fuch multitudes of peafants almost deftitute of food, and hardly fheltered from the inclemency of the weather? It must be owing to the fuperfluities of the great, whofe exceffes frequently obftru& their enjoyments, and make their lot scarce to be envied by the loweft of mortals. The insurrections of subjects, which fo often in the pace of a day make fultans and emperors change the throne for a dungeon, and which he once looked i n as the most atrocious actions that human creatures were capable of, appeared to him then to be the natural effects their little attention to the welfare of |