and animated attitudes, feem as natural in this lifelefs ftate as if they ftill breathed. I was very defirous to know the method of bringing them to this perfection; but, after various fruitlels enquiries, was obliged to reft contented with barely admiring them, as all their preparation was kept a profound fecret among a few naturalifts. I was determined, however, to make a trial with a few birds upon this fingle thought, that many good old houfe-wives preferve hams, beef, tongues, &c. for a long time, with falt only. Now I imagin. ed that if a stronger antifeptic was ufed by way of a pickle, and the fowls placed therein for fome time and dried, the fecret would not be difficult to come at; yet, after various trials, I was convinced to the contrary, and gave up this method; for the pickle glued the feathers close, always took away more or lefs of their gloffy hue, and beauty of their plumage, fo as to appear dif. agreeable to the eye: this was a point I was a long time at a lofs to account for, as I well remembered that in all the preparations of ftill life, in the above gentleman's collection, the feathers were remarkably free, fine in colour, and equal in every respect to life itself. In water fowls I fucceeded much better, their feathers being of a more oily nature, and confequently not fo eafily difturbed by the pickle as the land birds. Though frequently foiled in my attempts, I refolved not to give it up fo eafily, and at length accomplished what I was fo anxious to perfect. I have lately preferved fome fcores of both land and fea fowls after this new method, all of which come as near real life as pofiible; therefore, to gratify thofe who are pleafed with this ftudy and innocent May 1764.

employment, I fhall now infert the whole apparatus neceffary to be obferved, and if these hints can draw their attention, my pleafure will be compleat. When I receive a fowl ' fresh killed, I open the venter, from the lower part of the breaft bone down to the anus, with a pair of fine pointed fiffars, and extract all the contents, fuch as the inteftines, liver, ftomach, &c. This cavity I immediately fill with the following mixture of falts and spice, and then bring the lips of the wound together by future, fo as to prevent the stuffing from falling out. The gullet or paffage must then be filled, from the beak down to where the ftomach lay, with the faine mixture (but finer ground) which must be forced down a little at a time, by the help of a quill or wire. The head I open near the root of the tongue with the sciffars, and after having turned them round three or four times to deftroy the ftructure of the brain, I fill this cavity likewife with the mixture. This is all the preparation I ufe; as for the wings and thighs I never touch them, but leave them in their natural state; for the falts, &c. feldom fail, in a few days, to penetrate into these parts, and preferve then equally with the body and neck of the fowl.

The bird being

lower part of the back, and the other through the eyes; the ends of thefe threads are to brace up the fowl to its natural attitude, and fastened to the beam of the frame above: laftly, the feet are to be fixed down with pins or fmall nails. In this fituation it must remain for a month or more, until the bird is perfectly dry, (which will readily be known by its ftiffnefs) when it may be taken out of

the frame, and placed on a chip pillbox: it will now require no other fupport but a pin through each foot, faftened into the box. The eyes muft be fupplied with proportionable glafs beads, fixed in with strong gum water.

Common falt one pound, alum powdered four ounces, pepper ground two ounces, mixed together.

CESTRIE

Α

Alfred king, witheth greeting, to Wulf-fig bishop, his beloved and friendlike, and thee to know I wifh, that to me it cometh very often in my mind, what manner of wife men, long ago, were throughout the English nation, both of the fpiritual degree, and of the temporal; and how happy the times then were, among all the English; and how the kings, which then the peo-, ple God and his written will obeycd: how well they behaved them felves both in war and peace; and, in their home government, how their noblenefs was fpread abroad; and how they profpered in knowledge, and in wifdom. Alfo, the divine orders, how earneft they were as well about preaching as about learning, and about all the fervices they fhould do to God; and how men from abroad, wifdom and doctrine here in this land fought; and how we the fame now must get abroad, if we would have them.

So clean has learning fallen among the English nation, as that there have been very few on this fide Humber, that were able to underand the Englifli of their fervice, or

turn an epiftle from Latin into English; and I wot there were not many beyond Humber that could do it. There were fo few, as that I cannot bethink one on the fouth fide of the Thames, when I first came to reign. God Almighty be thanked, that we have ever a teacher in pulpit now. Therefore, I pray thee, that thou do, (as alfo I believe thou wilt) beftow that wisdom that God has given thee, on all about, on them thou can't bestow it; think what punishment shall for this world befall us, when, as neither we ourfelves have loved wifdom, nor left it to others; we only loved the names that we were Chriftians, and very few of us the duties. When I minded all this, methought alfo that F faw, before all was spoiled and burnt, how all the churches throughout the English nation flood filled with books and ornaments, and a great multitude of God's fervants; and at that time they wift very little fruit of their books, becaufe they could underftand nothing of them; for that they were not written in their own language. So they told us, that our ancestors, that before us held thofe places,

employment, I fhall now infert the whole apparatus neceffary to be obferved, and if these hints can draw their attention, my pleafure will be compleat. When I receive a fowl · freth killed, I open the venter, from the lower part of the breaft bone down to the anus, with a pair of fine pointed fiffars, and extract all the contents, fuch as the inteftines, liver, ftomach, &c. This cavity I immediately fill with the following mixture of falts and spice, and then bring the lips of the wound together by future, fo as to prevent the fluffing from falling out. The gullet or paffage muft then be filled, from the beak down to where the ftomach lay, with the faine mixture (but finer ground) which must be forced down a little at a time, by the help of a quill or wire. The head I open near the root of the tongue with the sciffars, and after having turned them round three or four times to destroy the ftructure of the brain, I fill this cavity likewife with the mixture. This is all the preparation I ufe; as for the wings and thighs I never touch them, but leave them in their natural state; for the falts, &c. feldom fail, in a few days, to penetrate into these parts, and preferve then equally with the body and neck of the fowl. The bird being thus filled with this antifeptic mixture, muft now be hung up for about two days by the legs, in order that, by this pofition, the falts may more effectually penetrate round the mufcles and ligaments which connect the vertebra of the neck. The fowl muft now be placed in a frame to dry, in the fame attitude we ufually fee it when alive on the plain or on a tree: in this frame it must be held up by two threads, the one paffing from the anus to the

and animated attitudes, seem as natural in this lifelefs ftate as if they ftill breathed. I was very defirous to know the method of bringing them to this perfection; but, after various fruitlels enquiries, was obliged to reft contented with barely admiring them, as all their preparation was kept a profound fecret among a few naturalifts. I was determined, however, to make a trial with a few birds upon this fingle thought, that many good old houfe-wives preferve hams, beef, tongues, &c. for a long time, with falt only. Now I imagin. ed that if a ftronger antifeptic was ufed by way of a pickle, and the fowls placed therein for fome time and dried, the fecret would not be difficult to come at; yet, after various trials, I was convinced to the contrary, and gave up this method; for the pickle glued the feathers clofe, always took away more or lefs of their gloffy hue, and beauty of their plumage, fo as to appear dif. agreeable to the eye: this was a point I was a long time at a lofs to account for, as I well remembered that in all the preparations of ftill life, in the above gentleman's collection, the feathers were remarkably free, fine in colour, and equal in every respect to life itself. In water fowls I fucceeded much better, their feathers being of a more oily nature, and confequently not fo eafily difturbed by the pickle as the land birds. Though frequently foiled in my attempts, I refolved, not to give it up fo eafily, and at length accomplished what I was fo anxious to perfect. I have lately preferved fome fcores of both land and fea fowls after this new method, all of which come as near real life as poffible; therefore, to gratify thofe who are pleased with this ftudy and innocent May 1764.

IT is a juft remark, founded upon truth, and the convictions of daily experience, that gratitude is the bafis, the groundwork, the fundamental principle of every moral, every focial, every Chriftian virtue.. If we deeply investigate into the latent fprings of action, enquire minutely into the receffes of the humán heart, and trace the fecret motives, that fiimulate the active foul, ample proof will appear, to juftify this ob fervation. Infpired with fentiments of gratitude, you are naturally led to entertain the loweft, that is, the jufteft opinion of yourfelves, in the emphatical expreffion of the Apoftle, cloathed with humility." On this fertile foil, every Chriftian "virtue thrives and flourishes, "takes root downward, and bears fruit upward." It is this that produces, the univerfal charity, which is the life and effence of religion. For what doth the Lord. require of man, or what conftitutes a pure and acceptable fervice? but "to do juftice, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God." In this is briefly comprehended all religious duties, every focial virtue. And from what fountain do thefe living waters flow? from what fource are thefe Chriftian graces originally derived?

Gratitude is the main fpring, that actuates and invigorates the whole machine, that directs its operations, animates the mind, in an arduous pursuit of every virtuous ornament, and infpires the foul with a juft and laudable émulation, ftriving to excel and abound in all degrees of perfection, to add one virtue to another.

:

Gratitude is an a&ive, a vital, a generous and difinterested principle, feeketh not its own private, felfi, advantage, but rejoiceth more in the welfare, profperity, and happinefs of others, than in that of its own, and never enjoys a more ex-" alted degree of felicity, than when it becomes inftrumental to that of our fellow-creatures. Herein it is, that a mind, glowing with a deep fenfe of thofe mercies, that "are new every morning," exeicies itself, n order to merit the daily bleflings poured from above.

Gratitude is perpetually preffing forward to attain to the mark, to arrive at the measure of the ftature of the fulness of Christ." Confocus of its own infufficiency, it fives to fupply want of ftrength, by a vigorous exertion of thofe faculties, with which it is poffefs'd. In itself, humble, generous, and humane, it abounds in all amiable qualities, that dignify human nature, command refpect, and engage love, piety towards God, benehcence and all the focial duties toward mankind. in general.

Without partiality, great are the fruits of this excellent difpofition, this happy frame of mind. For how, indeed, can you teftify a grateful fenfe of the bleffings you enjoy, any otherwife, than by that general philanthropy, that good will towards men, which produces the most extenfive acts of charity and munificence. Gratitude is always obferved to take the deepeft root in the most magnanimous difpofition, and that foul may july be pronounced not far from the kingdom of Heaven,

where

In the beginning of the last century, two (whom I fhall diftinguish by the names of Philemon and Pericles) contracted a very intimate friendship, enjoying all thofe pleafures, in the most exquisite degree, arising from a mutual difcharge of the focial virtues, easier to be conceived than expreft.

Thefe amicable endearments commenced in early life, and gradually encreased as they attained to years of maturity.

Equal in point of age-their tempers, inclinations and circumftances in life were different.

They were both defcended from very worthy respectable families.Philemon inherited an afluent fortune and extenfive eftate, but the patrimony of Pericles was through the imprudence of his ancestors extremely fmall, yet equal to his wants or defires.

The genius of the former was military-he poffeft a martial fpirit, and accordingly engaged himself in the army,-On the other hand, the difpofition of the latter led him to the bar, where, as his talent and abilities were great, he foon,diftin guilhed himself by his accurate pleadings. Philemon, ever fincere in his attachment to Pericles, generoully offered his friend a participation of his affluent fortune, fince he could not but reflect with concern on thofe narrow circumstances which

Pericles, glowing with thefe tender emotions, enumerated the fignal favours already conferred on him by the generous Philemon, and confcious of his paft obligations, declined to accept this mark of his future munificence.

The philofophic contentment of Pericles ferved only to endear him yet more to the difcreet Philemon, who, untainted with the vices incident to the military order, was equally t removed from avarice on the one hand, and diffipation on the other.

He fincerely rejoiced in the grow. ing reputation of his friend, whose intereft, welfare, and happiness het looked upon as infeparably connected with his own.

He had the pleasure to fee Pericles countenanced by perfons of emi-' nent rank, and the number of his clients daily encrease.

Philemon, animated by fuccefs," continued to exert his extensive influence in the fervice of his friend, performing every kind office that fincere friendship could suggest, or a focial difpofition prompt him to execute.

Pericles, indefatigably diligent, and inflexibly juft in difcharging the du ties of his ftation, derived fignal advantages from the public and active fphere in which Philemon was engaged.

Thefe mutual returns of affection

the