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George II. He was afterwards made treasurer to his royal highness Frederick prince of Wales, and furveyor of the customs. His lordship married the lady Frances, fecond daughter to George Hamilton earl of Orkney, by whom he had iffue two fons, Richard lord Lumley, and George, who died December 11, 1732; and three daughters. He died March 15, 1752, and was fucceeded by his only fon

(4th E.) Richard the prefent earl of Scarborough, who married on the 12th of December 1752, Mifs Barbara Saville, fifter to Sir George Saville, bart. by whom he has iffue three fons and a daughter.

His lordship's titles are, Earl of

Scarborough, vifcount Lumley, and colonel of the northern battalion of the Lincolnshire militia.

Arms.] Argent, a fefs, gules, between three parrots, proper, collared as the fecond.

Creft.] On a wreath, in her neft, proper, a pelican feeding her young, argent, vulned, proper.

Supporters.] Two parrots, with wings expanded, proper, i. e. vert, beaked and membered, gules.

Motto.] Murus æneus confcientia fana. A good confcience is a brazen wall.

Chief Seats.] At Sandbeck, in Yorkshire; at Stanftead, in Suffex; at Glentworth, in Lincolnshire ; and in Grosvenor-ftreet, London.

REMARKABLE STORY of the Emperor CHARLES V.,

CH

HARLES V. in his intervals of relaxation, used to retire to Bruffels. He was a prince curious to know the fentiments of his meaneft fubjects concerning himfelf, and his administration; therefore often went out incog, and mixed himself in fuch companies and converfation as he thought proper. One night his boot requiring immediate mending, he was directed to a cobler: unluckily it happened it to be St. Crispin's holiday; and, inftead of finding the cobler inclined for work, he was in the height of his jollity among his acquaintance. The emperor acquainted him what he wanted, and offered him a handfome gratuity. "What! friend, fays the fellow, do you know no better than to afk any of our craft to work on Sr., Cifpin? was it Charles the Vth hinfelf, I'd not do a ftitch for him now-but if you'll come in, and drink St. Crifpin, do, and wel

come, we are as merry as the emperor can be." The fovereign accepted his offer; but while he was contemplating on their rude pleafure, inftead of joining in it, the jovial hoft thus accofts him : "What, I fuppofe you are fome courtier politician or other by that contemplative phiz; nay, by your long nofe you may be a bastard of the emperor's; but be who or what you will, you're heartily welcome

drink about-here's Charles the fifth's health.” Then you love Charles the fifth, replied the emperor. "Love him! (says the fon of Crifpin) ay, ay, I love his long nofefhip well enough; but I should love him much more, would he but tax us a little less-but what the devil have we to do with politicks— round with the glaffes, and merry be our hearts," After a short stay, the emperor took his leave, and thanked the cobler for his hofpita

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Mag.

ble reception. "That (cried he) you are welcome to but I would not to day have dishonoured St. Crifpin to have worked for the emperor." Charles, pleafed with the honeft good-nature and humour of the fellow, fent for him next morning to court. You must imagine his surprise to see and hear his late guest was his fovereign-he feared his joke on his long nose must be punished with death. The emperor thanked him for his hospitality, and, as a reward for it, bid him afk for what he most defired, and take the whole night to fettle his furprise and his ambition. Next day he appeared, and requefted, that for

the future the coblers of Flanders might bear for their arms a bout, with the emperor's crown upon it. That request was granted, and as his ambition was fo moderate, the emperor bid him make another. "If (fays he) I am to have my utmost wishes, command, that for the future the company of coblers fhall take place of the company of fhoemakers." It was accordingly fo ordained, and to this day there is to be feen a chapel in Flanders, adorned round with a boot and imperial crown on it, and in all proceffions the company of coblers take place of the company of fhoe-makers.

ESSAY on EN V Y.

ENVY is almoft the only vice which is practicable at all times, and in every place, the only paffion which can never lie quiet for want of irritation; its effects, therefore, are every where difcoverable, and its attempts always to be dreaded.

It is impoffible to mention a name which any advantageous diftinction has made eminent, but fome latent animofity will burft out. The wealthy trader, however he may abftract himself from publick affairs, will never want those who hint with Shylock, that ships are but boards, and that no man can properly be termed rich whofe fortune is at the mercy of the winds. The beauty adorned only with the unambitious graces of innocence and modefty, provokes, whenever he appears, a thousand murmurs of detraction and whispers of fufpicion. The genius, even when he endeavours only to entertain with pleafing images of nature, or inftruct by uncontefted

principles of science, yet fuffers perfecution from innumerable criticks, whofe acrimony is excited merely by the pain of feeing others pleased, and of hearing applaufes which another enjoys.

The frequency of envy makes it fo familiar, that it efcapes our notice; nor do we often reflect upon its turpitude or malignity, till we happen to feel its influence. When he that has given no provocation to malice, but by attempting to excel in fome useful art, finds himself purfued by multitudes whom he never faw with implacability of perfonal refentment; when he perceives clamour and malice let loose upon him as a publick enemy, and incited by every ftratagem of defamation; when he hears the misfortunes of his family, or the follies of his youth expofed to the world; and every failure of conduct, or defect of nature aggravated and ridiculed; he then learns to abhor thefe artifices, at

which

which he only laughed before, and discovers how much the happiness of life would be advanced by the eradication of envy from the human heart.

Envy is, indeed, a ftubborn weed of the mind, and feldom yields to the culture of philofophy. There are, however, confiderations, which, if carefully implanted and diligently propagated, might in time overpower and reprefs it, fince no one can nurfe it for the fake of pleasure, as its effects are only fhame, anguifh, and preturbation.

It is above all other vices inconfiftent with the character of a focial being, because it facrifices truth and kindness to very weak temptations. He that plunders a wealthy neighbour, gains as much as he takes away, and improves his own condition in the fame proportion as he impares another's; but he that blafts a flourishing reputation, must be content with a small dividend of ad ditional fame, so fmall as can afford very little confolation to balance the guilt by which it is obtained.

I have hitherto avoided mentioning that dangerous and empiricial morality, which cures one vice by means of another. But envy.is, fo bafe and deteftable, fo vile in its original, and fo pernicious in its effects,

TH

that the predominance of almoft any other quality is to be defired, It is one of thofe lawless enemies of fociety, against which poisoned arrows may honeftly be used. Let it therefore be conftantly remembered, that whoever envies another, confeffes his fuperiority; and let thofe be reformed by their pride, who have loft their virtue.

It is no flight aggravation of the injuries which envy incites, that they are committed against thofe who have given no intentional provocation; and that the fufferer is marked out for ruin, not because he has failed in any duty, but because he has dared to do more than was required.

Almost every other crime is prac tifed by the help of fome quality which might have produced efteem or love, if it had been well employed; but envy is a more unmixed and genuine evil; it purfues a hateful end by defpicable means, and defires not fo much its own happinefs as another's mifery. To avoid depravity like this, it is not neceffary that any one should aspire to heroism or fanctity, but only, that he fhould refolve not to quit the rank which nature affigns, and with to maintain the dignity of a human being.

ANECDOTE of the Prince of CONTI.

HE prince of Conti being highly pleafed with the intrepid behaviour of a grenadier at the fiege of Philipfburgh, in 1734, threw him his purfe, excufing the fallness of the fum it contained, as being too poor a reward for his courage. Next morning the grenadier went to the prince with a couple of diamond rings, and other jewels of a

confiderable value. "Sir, (faid he) the gold I found in your purfe I fuppofe you intended me; but thefe I bring back to you, as having no claim to them." "You have, foldier, (anfwered the prince) doubly deferved them by your bravery, and by your honefty, therefore they are yours."

COMPEN

COMPENDIOUS HISTORY OF FRANCE. [Continued.]

LEWIS the eighth, furnamed the

Lion, was crowned with his confort queen Blanch, on the eighth of August, at Rheims, by the archbishop of that city, in the prefence of the titular king of Jerufalem, and the principal nobility of the kingdom. Henry of England, inftead of coming in perfon, or fending any to represent him at this folemnity, demanded by an embaffy foon after, that the king, in purfuance of his treaty and oath, fhould restore to him the dominions which his father had poffeffed in France. But the times were changed, and Lewis an fwered roundly, that he looked upon his title to the forfeited dominions, which his father united to the crown, as inconteftible; and that, with respect to his own treaty, he looked upon it to be void, becaufe he was informed the English barons were not reftored to all their priviliges, and that the French prifoners had been obliged to pay ranfom. As it was pretty evident a war would enfue as foon as the truce expired, the king renewed his treaty with the emperor Frederick, and foon after made another with Hughes count de March, who had married the queen dowager of England. Thefe precautions taken, Lewis refolved to profecute his father's defign, which was the total expulfion of the English he raised for this purpose a numerous army, with which he befieged Niort the place was defended by Savari de Mauleon, who had hitherto been the chief fupport of the English intereft in Poitou. He made a gallant defence, but was at length obliged to capitulate, and retire with his garrifon to Rochelle.

Lewis next made himself mafter of

St. John d'Angeli, and afterwards marched his victorious army to befiege Rochelle. Savari, who had the reputation of being one of the greateft captains of that age, behaved in a manner fuitable to that character, and follicited continually relief from England, more efpecially in money; but, being deluded with fallacious promifes, and a quarrel arifing between the garrifon and the inhabitants, he was obliged to capitulate, and was permitted to embark himfelf and his garrifon for England; where, looking upon himfelf as very ill treated, he returned into France, and entered into the fervice of king Lewis. All that the English now poffeffed was the city of Bourdeaux, and the country beyond the Garonne. To preferve this, Henry fent a ftout squadron, with a confiderable corps of troops on board, commanded by his brother Richard, whom he made a knight, and created earl of Cornwall and count of Poitou, upon this occafion. This had an extraordinary effect, the nobility, clergy, and people, naturally inclined to the English, were fo pleafed to have a prince of the royal blood amongst them, that they enabled him to make fuch efforts as induced king Lewis to make a truce for three years; for which he is, by fome writers, very much blamed.

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fed, that is, the ceffion of the rights of Amauri de Montfort, to whom he promised the high poft of conftable of France, when it should become vacant. While he was preparing for this expedition, a very extraordinary affair happened. There appeared in Flanders, a man who filed himself Baldwin emperor of Conftantinople, and confequently the natural fovereign of that country, and as fuch he was joyfully received by the people. The countefs, who had governed from the time of her husband Ferdinand's imprisonment, finding it impoffible to refift, had recourse to the protection of king Lewis; who fummoned this empeTor Baldwin to attend him at Peronne. The man came thither with great intrepidity, related the manner in which he had fallen into the hands of the Bulgarians, the great hardships he had endured in his captivity, and the way by which he made his escape; but when they queftioned him as to things that had paffed before he left Flanders, he answered fullenly, that he would fay nothing before fuch a multitude. Upon this the king difmiffed him, but with a fafe conduct, till he was out of his dominions. Upon this the people abandoned him, and, being feized by fome of the countefs's adherents, the caused him to be tortured to death as an impoftor, which did not hinder her fubjects from reproaching her with her ambition and avarice, that had inftigated her to treat in this manner a perfon fhe knew to be her father. After this, the king having affembled his army, and the cardinal legate having paved the way, by thundering out an excommunication against the young count of Thouloufe (which the world in general, and many

bishops in particular, thought very unjuft), marched directly to Lyons, and from thence, along the banks of the Rhone, to Avignon; where the people would have fubmitted, but that they were afraid of being plundered. The king refusing to give them any affurance of the contrary, they fhut their gates, and he immediately invefted the place with an army of fifty thousand men. As the people were driven to 1226. defpair, they made a very long and very obftinate defence, till at length the king, who had with him the principal nobility of France, forced them to yield to a capitulation; but found his army fo much diminished, and in fo miferable a condition, that he was constrained to defer the fiege of Thoulouse, which he had likewife meditated, to the next year; and, retiring from thence into Auvergne, in his paffage from thence to Paris he was feized with a violent diftemper, of which he died in a week at Montpensier, in the thirty-ninth year of his age, and fourth of his reign.. Some writers fay, that his phyficians thought he might have recovered, if he would have taken a woman to his bed; but that he chofe rather to die than to commit a mortal fin. An English historian, bowever, who had reafon to be well informed, and no reafon to conceal the truth, gives a very different account of his death. He affirms, that it happened before the place furrendered; that the count of Champagne, who was amorous of queen Blanch, went to the king and told him, that, having ferved the full term of forty days, he would continue no longer at the fiege; that thereupon Lewis threatened him, if he departed, he would lay his

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