A New Science: The Breakdown of Connections and the Birth of SociologyOxford University Press, 1989 - 333 ページ In this book Mazlish examines the historical origins of sociology, looking closely at how what he terms the "cash nexus"--the omnipresent substitution of money for personal relations--was perceived as changing the nature of human relations in the 19th century and led to the development of sociology as a means of dealing with this condition. Mazlish also considers the breakdown of connections in modern society: how the orderly 18th century world in which God, humanity, and nature were closely connected to one another came to be replaced with one of felt disconnection, and how individualism then came to be seen as replacing a sense of community in modern society. He investigates the work of a number of 19th-century English writers who were concerned with this breakdown of connections, including Adam Smith, William Wordsworth, Edmund Burke, Thomas Carlyle, and particularly novelists such as Benjamin Disraeli, Elizabeth Gaskell, and George Eliot. He also explores the influence of Darwin, presents Engels and Marx as precursors of the science of sociology and discusses at length the major founding figures of modern classical sociology: Ferdinand Tönnies, George Simmel, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber. |
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Adam Smith analysis argue bonds breakdown of connections Burke called Cambridge capitalism capitalist Carlyle Carlyle's cash nexus cash-nexus society chain Chapter Comte concept Crusoe culture Daniel Deronda Darwin Disraeli division of labor earlier economic Economy and Society Elizabeth Gaskell emerged Emile Durkheim Engels and Marx England especially Essays example existing fact factory feeling Ferdinand Tönnies fiction French Gaskell Gemeinschaft Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft Georg Simmel George Eliot German Gesellschaft Hobbes human Ibid ideas individual Industrial Revolution intellectual interest Jews Karl Marx lamenters literary Man's Marx's Max Weber means modern moral nation nineteenth century novel novelists philosophy political problem proletariat quote reality relations religion religious revolutionary Rousseau Sartor Resartus scientific self-interest sense soci social science sociologists sociology sympathy theme theory Thomas Carlyle thought tion Tocqueville Tönnies's traditional Wordsworth writing York Young Hegelians