ECCLESIASTICAL CLASS BOOK, or History of the C from the birth of Christ to the present time; adapted to the use of A emies and Schools. With engravings. By the Rev. Charles A. rich. 1 vol. 18 mo.

THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE HEAVENS, and CLASS OF ASTRONOMY, accompanied by a Celestial Atlas. By Elijah H. ritt, A. M. Third Edition, with an Introduction by Thomas LL. D., author of the Christian Philosopher, &c. From the Rev. T. H. GALLAUDET, late Principal of the Asylum for the and Dumb, Hartford, Conn.

The simple object of the work is, to form a Class Book, which sha to the starry heavens, what Geography is to the earth.

The Atlas, which contains six maps, is so arranged as to furn very valuable substitute for a Celestial Globe, and, in some respec be superior to it. It is much cheaper. It gives a faithful portraitu the heavens for every day in the year, and does not require to be rect for that purpose like a Globe. Nearly all the problems that are pec to the Globe, and a great number beside, can be solved by it. It ca put into the hands of each member of a class at the same time, Globe cannot be. There are other advantages, also, which are en rated in the preface of the work.

The book bears ample testimony to the talents and ingenuity of author, and shows that he possesses that philosophical spirit of patien vestigation, and analysis, which are so important in the execution of a work. It is, as a whole, evidently the result of great labor, and i poetical extracts, and mythological illustrations, highly creditable to good taste and correct moral feeling of the author. It is, indeed, adapted for the object; and while the abundance of its instructive well as entertaining matter, will make it a standard work for those may desire to become adepts in this noble science, it can easily be acc modated, by judicious selections, to the younger classes in schools, c such as may have less time to devote to the subject.

JUST PUBLISHED,

A NEW INTRODUCTION to the science of ALGEBRA, desig for students in Colleges, and the higher Schools, and Academies. SILAS TOTTEN, M. A., Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosop Washington College

The examples in this work are so selected, as to illustrate, most fu the rules to which they are applied, and so arranged as to form a se of progressive exercises, rendering the passages from the more simple the most complicated algebraic operations, as easy as possible, and p paring the student, by making him familiar with the practical part algebra, to enter with advantage upon the higher branches of mat matical science.

Throughout the whole, the reasoning is adapted to the progress of t student. It is hoped, that while it meets the wants of students who a commencing an extensive course of mathematics, it will be particula useful to those who have less leisure for study, or who, on account of th particular profession or occupation in life, are desirous only of obtaini a knowledge of the more practical and useful parts of mathematic

science.

LECTURES ON BOTANY,

PRACTICAL, ELEMENTARY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL;

WITH AN

APPENDIX,

CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS OF

THE PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES AND
EXOTICS, &c.

FOR THE USE OF

SEMINARIES AND PRIVATE STUDENTS.

BY MRS. ALMIRA H. LINCOLN,

LATE VICE-PRINCIPAL OF TROY FEMALE SEMINARY.

Author of Lectures to Young Ladies, Chemistry for Beginners, Botany for Beginners, &c.

PUBLISHED BY F. J. HUNTINGTON & CO.
174 PEARL STREET.

FOR SALE BY THE PRINCIPAL BOOKSELLERS IN THE UNITED STATES.

1837.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1831,
BY MRS. ALMIRA H. LINCOLN,

in the Clerk's Office of the Northern District Court of New-York.

PREFACE.

SINCE the publication of this elementary work, the science of which it treats has been introduced, as a study, into many of our principal female schools; and in the various applications for teachers, from different parts of the country, an acquaintance with Botany is now often made an indispensable qualification.

The four different editions which have been issued having been disposed of, the author and publisher are encouraged to spare neither labour nor expense in rendering this fifth edition of the Lectures more worthy of that approbation which the public has so liberally bestowed. In compliance with the request of many teachers, the "Descriptions of Genera and Species," are now made to include all those native and foreign plants which the pupil will be likely to meet with in any part of the United States. We except many of the Cryptogamous plants, Grasses, and some species of the Aster, Solidago, and other genera, where the species are numerous, and the distinctions between them of a doubtful character. The author has been anxious not to omit southern and western plants of any interest, as the work is so extensively used in those regions. Should teachers or students observe such omissions, communications on the subject made to the author or publisher, would be gratefully received.

In the first edition, the Descriptions of Genera and Species were limited to a few of our most common plants. These, by the permission of Professor Eaton, were taken verbatim from his "Manual of Botany." The author has now thoroughly revised the Descriptions of Plants; for the numerous additions made, she is indebted to several American works, especially to the "Botany of the Northern and Middle States," by Dr. Beck, and also to the Descriptions of Torrey, Bigelow, and Elliot. For foreign plants, Eaton's Manual, Withering's British Plants, Loudon's Encyclopedias, and some other works, have been consulted.

The name of the Natural Order is connected with the name of each genus under the head of Descriptions of Species; indeed, the subject of the natural affinities of plants is kept in view through the whole work, although the artificial system is considered by the author as the groundwork of botanical knowledge. The origin of the generic name is also given, as far as this could be ascertained with any degree of certainty.

TO TEACHERS.

THE author indulges the hope that this book will not only afford assist but gratification to Teachers, in the pursuance of the severe and often enn duties of their profession. It is hoped that may serve to interest and qui the dull intellects of some pupils, to arrest the fugitive attention of others to relax the minds of the over studious, by leading them all into paths str with flowers, and teaching them that these beautiful creations of Almı Power are designed not merely to delight by their fragrance, colour, and f but to illustrate the most logical divisions of Science, the deepest principl Physiology, and the goodness of God.

The best time for commencing botanical studies seems to be that of the o ing of flowers in the spring; though, where circumstances render it convenie begin in winter, assistance is offered by engravings. The arrangement of jects might be altered, in pursuing the study without the aid of natural flo The Second part, which treats of the various organs of plants, the formatio buds, and other subjects connected with vegetable physiology; the Fourth which gives the history of the science, with the distinctions in the kingdom nature, might be studied to advantage, before attending much to the principl classification, which are mostly illustrated in the First and Third parts.

The Botanical Class in this Institution has, for some years past, been comp of about forty pupils. The method pursued in teaching has been very lal ous, as the want of suitable books rendered it necessary for the Author of t Lectures, who has had charge of the class, to devote much time and attentio gleaning from different writers such facts and principles as would illustrate science, and make it interesting to the pupils. This work contains the substa of what has been thus collected, and the method in which those facts and ciples were illustrated and arranged. A brief view of the mode of teaching sued by the author, may be satisfactory to those about to commence the scie On the first meeting of the class, after some explanation as to the natur the study they are about to commence, each member is presented with a flc for analysis. The flower selected is always a simple one, exhibiting in a spicuous manner the different organs of fructification; the lily and tulip are very proper for this purpose. The names of the different parts of the flc are then explained, each pupil being directed to dissect and examine her fic as we proceed. After noticing the parts of fructification, the pupils are prep: to understand the principles on which the artificial classes are founded, an trace the plant to its proper class, order, &c. At each step, they are require examine their flowers, and to answer simultaneously the questions proposed how many stamens has your flower? Suppose it to be a lily, they_answer They are then told it is of the sixth class. How many pistils? They ans one-they are told it is of the first order. They are then directed to take t books and turn to the sixth class, first order, to find the genus. In each ste the comparison they are questioned as above described, until, having seei what respects their plant agrees with each general division, and differs from genus under the section in which it is found, they ascertain its generic na They are taught in the same manner to trace out its species: their minds ceiving at each step some new circumstance of resemblance or difference, they come to a species, the description of which answers to the plant under sideration.