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"colleagues, and truckled to supe- of public writers upon this sub"rior authority. The capital which ject. This writer is alarmed that "at the present moment has been hundreds are about to be thrown "sacrificed by contracts for Ameri- out of the happiness of living in "can Loans, grounded on the pub"licly declared intentions of the eighty-four degrees, and swallow"British Foreign Secretary soon to ing the cotton-fuz! For my part, "acknowledge the sovereignty and I sincerely rejoice at every such "independence of the new American occurrence. I wish that a failure "Republics, is of small value, when would take place in every one of compared with the enormous in- the factories. I once wished for "jury which these public speeches the independence of South Ame"have produced, and must continue rica, in order to favour these "to produce, on the property of the factories. This was seven years "manufacturing classes of British "society. Depending on the liberal ago; and 1. then knew nothing at "opinions so repeatedly, both in pub- all about this heat of eighty-four "lic and in private, promulgated by degrees; and about the fines and "His Majesty's Secretary for Foreign other horrible things that I have "Affairs, and knowing that it was stated above. I now see that a "in the power of His Majesty's Go-free intercourse with the Spanish "vernment to open vast and exten- Colonies, and that the independ"sive markets for the consumption ence of those colonies, would "of British manufactures, employ-have a tendency to perpetuate "ment has for many months "been given to British artisans, im- and augment the sufferings of the "mense manufactories have been slaves in Lancashire and other "erected, and much capital em- Northern Counties, including a "barked in them. The delay which considerable part of Scotland. I "has occurred in acknowledging the see also, that they would have a "the freedom of the new States has tendency to perpetuate the causes “caused a similar delay in forward-that starve and degrade the whole "ing the labour of British artisans of the labouring classes of Great "to American markets, and now, "when it is understood, or rather Britain and Ireland, while they "felt, that Great Britain hesitates would, at the same time, be pro"in performing the promises of Mr. ductive of infinite mischief to the "Canning, ruin is the consequence South Americans themselves. 1, "to those who have founded their therefore, do not wish for the inoperations on the performance of dependence of those countries. "Ministerial promises. Why GlasI will here step a little aside 66 gow, Manchester, Liverpool, and from my subject, to remark upon "Birmingham, should be sacrificed "to the exploded principles of legi- the charges which are, in this "timacy is indeed unintelligible, article, preferred so boldly against "and why the productive labours of Mr. CANNING. These charges are "His Britannic Majesty's subjects wholly false. Mr. CANNING made "should be ruined in deference to use of no argument to induce "the claims on America, of the the British nation to repose con« adored Ferdinand, is a problem fidence in the "solidity" of the 66 beyond the solution of modern independence of the Americah "philosophy." Continent. But this writer says, This is a pretty fair specimen that Mr. CANNING made certain of the general run of the opinions promises which he now hesitates

to perform. No promise did he greediness. What, then, do these ever make upon the subject. He impudent lords of the loom and of said, indeed, that the colonies the anvil mean; do they know were de facto independent; but," that it was in the power of the he never made any promise to "Government to open the maracknowledge that independence "kets in South America?" If officially; and, when urged to do they do know this, they must it, he was most particular in warn- know that it was in the power of ing the country against relying the Government to go to war; to upon any such acknowledgment. fit out a fleet of fifty ships of the The Ministry have done many line, and send out an army across foolish things; but, such acknow- the seas of fifty thousand men. ledgment would have surpassed Oh! they had erected immense all their former follies. War they new manufactories, had they! must have, first or last; but such They had made preparations for acknowledgment would have given shutting up many more thousands them war immediately; and, was of creatures in their factories, to this whole kingdom to be plunged enjoy the blessings of heat at into war, in order to force the sale eighty-four degrees. Thank God! of cottons in South America? they have been disappointed, and I trust that these receptacles for slaves, these intended scenes of indescribable misery, will be suffered to crumble into dust, and, while they stand, be pointed to as monuments of disappointed greediness and cruelty.

Mr. CANNING is accused of causing loan-jobbers to lose their money, by declaring his intention

soon to acknowledge" the "so"yereignty of the American Re"public." Again I say, this is a false charge. He not only never made such declaration; but he And now, Geirlemen, owners of said every thing that he could say the land in England, what is the to discourage such loans. But remedy for these things? Putting these loans, it seems, are of an end to the funding-system is "small value" compared to the the remedy for all the evils, and property of the manufacturing this amongst the rest. This reclasses of British Society. De-medy will certainly be applied by "pending on the liberal opinions events; but, in the meanwhile, "of the Foreign Secretary, and you may do something for the "knowing that it was in the power labouring classes and for your"of Government to open vast and selves. For, observe, you cannot, "extensive markets for British in the end, prosper yourselves, "manufactures, immense manu- surrounded by a half-naked and "factories have been erected, and half-starved set of labourers. If "much capital embarked in them." they were wholly destroyed and And then the writer asks, why swept from the face of the earth, Glasgow, Manchester, Liver-your estates would not be worth a "pool and Birmingham, should be "sacrificed to the exploded prin"ciples of legitimacy."

This is all falsehood 4 folly. It is the railing of disappointed

straw. Without them you are nothing; and you have seen enough already to convince you, that you shrink into littleness and contempt in the exact proportion that they

become wretched. After all the blankets, the sheets, the bed-tick talk about independence, we must ing, the coverlids, the body linen, still be dependant upon one ano- the stockings, the woollen gloves, ther. You do not call the labour- the trowsers, the waistcoats, and in ers of your parishes; you do not one half of the eases, the coats aré actually call them members of made from the raw material grown your family: but, in fact, from the upon the land where the family very nature of things, the con-resides. Go to any shop, called a nexion between you is little less store in America, and you will strict than if they were related to find that more than three-fourths you by the ties of kindred. Base of the materials for raiment are flatterers are continually endea- supplied even for sale by private vouring to persuade you that you families. The linen of Ireland, can flourish surrounded by a the cottons of Lancashire; and starving common people. You almost every article of dress and must be blind and callous, indeed, of bed-furniture sent from Engif experience have not already land, are to be bought at almost convinced you of the falsehood of as low a price in America as they this doctrine. To say the truth, are here; nay, I believe, at a you seem sensible of your danger: lower price; yet, the HOMEyou seem to see clearly at last, SPUN, as they call it in America, that the shocking degradation of is always bought in preference by the labouring classes cannot pro- those who seek durability and ceed much further without pull-utility. There is a ready sale for ing down yourselves. Hence all all these articles. This domestic your inquiries; all your Reports; manufacturing, which took place all your efforts to discover the from the earliest settlement in means of checking the growth of America, is one of the great cauthe frightful misery that has fallen ses of the happiness of the people upon the labouring people. But of that country. The women and never do you touch upon the true children living upon farms and causes. One of those causes in cottages, are thus profitably have now been developing and employed. The whole of the bedthat cause, it is my opinion, that furniture at a farm-house has, you have it in your power partly times out of ten, been made in that house. The yarn for weav

to remove.

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I have before clearly showning, if not weaved in the house, what loss, what injury you sustain which is frequently the case, is from the transfer of the manufac- sent to the weaver, several persons tories to the land of the Lords of of whose business are living in the Loom. Nature and reason almost every Township. says, that a large part, at least, of the raiment of the people ought to be provided by the families of labourers in agriculture. In America (except in the Slave States), the raiment is chiefly furnished in this way. In all country families, except the most miserable, the

My son JAMES tells us, that, during his Ride of eight hundred miles in France now this must not be called a puff; seeing that the last EDINBURGH REVIEW have quoted this little book as to a point of fact, relative to the effect of the abolition of the land of entail;

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and, as I will swear for the truth of the facts stated by my Son, I may quote the book as well as those Gentlemen. My Son tells us, that be observed, in all parts of the country, the country women engaged in dressing flax or hemp; out at the front of their houses, spinning, knitting, or making lace. This is the natural state of society. If these women and girls were not thus employed, how different would be their situation! Accordingly my Son observed, that the women and children in the country were never seen in rays, nor the men either; and that none of them had that look of poorness and of misery that the unfortunate people of England now have.

and other people in America and elsewhere, are committed, in an equal degree, upon the poor people of England. These cottons are no very inadequate type of the whole system. A glaring show, a tawdry show; but, at the bottom, weakness and worthlessness.

A

I should not be afraid to undertake to bring about a complete change on any large estate of which I might be the owner. due mixture of gentleness and resolution, where the interest of the parties would so manifestly and so powerfully come to my assistance, would very soon accomplish my purpose. We have, God knows, seen Committees enough sitting to deliberate upon this unThis domestic manufacturing happy state of the labouring was, in the "dark ages," when I classes. We have paid for the was a boy, carried on to a similar printing of hundreds and thouextent. I have seen from a dozen sands of volumes of. Reports to fifty women and girls, with their upon this subject, the whole of spinning-wheels and knitting- which have had not the smallest needles, at work before their doors effect. Let a Committee set about in a summer afternoon; and can a serious and honest inquiry into YOU, instead of inventing this matter; let them suggest the “Oundle-plans," and Tread-mills; well-digested means of restoring can you, instead of enlarging jails the domestic manufacturing to the and poor houses, not make some land, and of breaking up the hells little effort to restore this blessing of slavery in the North; let them of domestic manufacturing to your do this; and let them themselves estates! What is to prevent you earnestly set about giving the exfrom causing the spinning-wheel ample, and a great deal will be and the knitting-needle to come done towards making your estate back again, and to enable me, once more worth possessing; for, once more in my lifetime, to get worth possessing they are not, bura pair of worsted stockings that dened as they are, with a halfwill not be out at the toes at the naked and half-starved set of la end of the first week? The paltry bourers, with the terrific consideraglazed, pasted, sized stuff that the tion that their lot is becomin poor women purchase for gowns, daily worse and worse, and that is the cause of just so much tranquillity cannot be preserved; money being thrown away. The that even safety to your own perfrands committed by the cotton sons cannot be preserved, without factories, upon the negro wenches, keeping up, in time of peace, a

standing army far more expensive [" man of any of the mongrel sects, than was ever before necessary in" even of the sect who openly deny time of war. "the divinity of Christ, can sit with In conclusion, let δε me, once you in your Honourable House; more, press upon you the fact," can sit in the other House of Parthat you cannot separate your fate" liament; can sit in council with from that of your labourers." the King, and advise him as to Without them yo your lands are not" measures relative to the Church worth a straw. Without them you "whose Creed this counsellor have no estates. You may suffer" laughs at; can be a Judge, them to be oppressed to a very" Chancellor, Attorney or Soligreat degree; but, at last, you "citor General, Master of the will find that you yourselves must" Rolls, or General o Admiral." suffer in consequence of their This is the real state of the case; sufferings. and, having stated this to the House, the petitioners cannot be too strong in expressing their INDIGNATION at such insolent. injustice. However, the following petition is not bad, and it is well worth the attention of all those Englishmen who do not relish being taxed for the purpose of paying a standing army in time of peace, to keep the Irish Catholics shut up in their houses from sunset to sunrise, and to see them frequently transported for seven years without trial by jury.

تواب

WM. COBBETT.

- IRISH CATHOLIC

PETITION.

PETITION.

I copy the following Petition from the LEINSTER JOURNAL. It is stated to have been read to the Catholic Association, and agreed on as proper to be presented next Session of Parliament. Whether this will finally be the petition, I do not know; but it is the best that I have ever seen of the kind. It does not, however, plainly We, His Majesty's most faithenough point out the grievances ful and dutiful subjects, Roman and the insults which the Catholics Catholics of Ireland, approach endure. It should have stated, in this Hon. House with sentiments these very words: "A Catholic of respect and confidence, and "cannot sit in either House of Par- beg leave, firmly, but respectfully, "liament; cannot sit in the King's to press upon your attention our Council; cannot sit on the claims to relief from the operation Judge's Bench; cannot be of a penal and exclusive code of Chancellor, Attorney or Soli- laws, by which we are unjustly "citor General, or Master of the aggrieved and degraded in this Rolls; and cannot be a field- our native land. officer in the army, or a captain The relief we seek is plain and in the navy. This is the treat-distinct. We ask for Emancipament of every one who has tion--that is to say, for an equa"faithfully adhered to the reli-lization of Civil Rights with all gion his and of your fathers; other classes of His Majesty's this is his treatment, while any subjects.

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