The Victim as Hero: Ideologies of Peace and National Identity in Postwar JapanUniversity of Hawaii Press, 2001 - 271 ページ This is the first systematic, historical inquiry into the emergence of "victim consciousness" (higaisha ishiki) as an essential component of Japanese pacifist national identity after World War II. In his meticulously crafted narrative and analysis, the author reveals how postwar Japanese elites and American occupying authorities collaborated to structure the parameters of remembrance of the war, including the notion that the emperor and his people had been betrayed and duped by militarists. He goes on to explain the Japanese reliance on victim consciousness through a discussion of the ban-the-bomb movement of the mid-1950s, which raised the prominence of Hiroshima as an archetype of war victimhood and brought about the selective focus on Japanese war victimhood; the political strategies of three self-defined war victim groups (A-bomb victims, repatriates, and dispossessed landlords) to gain state compensation and hence valorization of their war victim experiences; shifting textbook narratives that reflected contemporary attitudes and structured future generations' understanding of the war; and three classic antiwar novels and films that contributed to the shaping of a "sentimental humanism" that continues to leave a strong imprint on the collective Japanese conscience. |
目次
Contents | 9 |
Personal War Responsibility During the Occupation | 14 |
Hiroshima and Yuiitsu no hibakukoku | 36 |
著作権 | |
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aggression American antinuclear antiwar Asahi shinbun Asia Asian Atarashii shakai atomic bomb atomic victimhood August ban-the-bomb movement Black Rain bungaku Chinese compensation conservative cultural democratic Diet early emperor essay ethnic nation example film forced Genbaku Gomikawa groups Hatoyama Heiwa hibakusha Hikiage Hiroshima and Nagasaki human hydrogen bomb Ibuse Ibuse Masuji ishiki issue Japa Japanese government junior high text Kaji Kaji's Kokkai kokumin Korean Kuroi ame Kyōiku Shuppan Kyōkasho land reform landlords liberation ment militarist military Minshū minzoku Nagasaki narratives nenkan nese Nihon Ningen nuclear weapons Occupation Õishi okeru overseas assets Pacific Pacific War pacifist Party patriotic peace movement people's petition movement political Postwar Japan prewar rekishi repatriates responsibility Satō SCAP Sekai Sengo sense sensō sekinin sentiment Shisō shōsha Shoten Shōwa Socialists suffering Suginami textbooks tion Tōkyō Tōkyō Shoseki Tsuboi Sakae Twenty-Four Eyes undō victim consciousness victim experience wartime Yoshida Zaigai zaisan mondai Zenren