HOSTILE CHARACTER,-(See "Commerce," "Friendly Character." "Enemy,"

"War,"

residence in enemy's country gives, 385.-(See "Commerce.")

definition of, 395.

how it may be acquired, 395.

possession of land in enemy's country gives it, 395.

and this entirely independent of local residence, 395.

this position no longer open to discussion, 395.

settlement or house of trade amongst enemies gives an, as far as commerce is
concerned, 396. Addenda.

and English merchants goods who resides in enemy's land are therefore liable
to seizure as the goods of an enemy, 396. Addenda.

same principle recognised in other cases, 396, 7.

but it is otherwise where a subject is detained as a prisoner of war, 396, 7.
evidence of voluntary residence in a foreign country must be given before British
subject resident there, can be prevented suing, 397. — (See " Action,”
"Contract.")

but neutral may maintain his action on a bill given by a British subject resident
abroad, 397. n. 1.

as to foreigner residing in British dominions, 397.- (See Friendly
"Character.")

general rule that persons settlement impresses him with character of his place
of settlement, 398.

therefore residence in neutral country gives all rights of neutrality, 398.—(See
"Neutrals.")

cases where it has been so holden, 398.

this not to be inconsistent with natural allegiance, 398.

but it has been decided without this reservation before the lords, 398.

and insurance by such a British-subject on a voyage to an hostile port good,
398, 9.

what constitutes a residence, 399 to 403.-(See " Residence Abroad.")

persons trading to East and Turkey partake of the character of factory to
to which they trade, 401, 2.

thus, a Swiss trading to French factory in China takes the character of the
French, 402.

once established cannot be diverted by periodical absence, 403.

as it commences by residence abroad, so it is terminated by quitting that
country, 405.

when it is imposed by traffic, 405, 406.—(See "Trade,” Addenda.)
general rules regarding the attaching of an hostile character, 406.
residence only affects particular trade, 406.-(See "Residence.")
not so immediately imported by residence as to subject neutral goods to
seizure on first breaking out of war, 408.

when imported by particular trading, 408 to 410.-(See " Trade.”)

given by acceptance of a contract exclusively allowed to the enemy's mer-
chants, 409.

when imported by engagement in colonial trade, 409 to 410.-(See "Trade,"
"Colony,"

sailing under enemy's flag, or with simulated papers, gives, 410.

this only extends to ships, not goods, 410.

cases deciding point, 410, 1.

in some countries it does extend to ship and cargo, 411.
goods of neutrals in enemy's ship free from seizure, 411.

property of goods cannot be changed in transitu, so as to alter the hostile
character, 411.-(See "Transfers in Transitu.")

HOSTILE CHARACTER,-(continued.)

attempt to evade these rules, 411 to 413.

by assigning it when on the voyage, 411 to 412.

reservations of risk, 412, 3.

not given to neutral property by being found on board of enemy's ship, 440.—
(See "Neutrals.")

HOVERING,-(See "Smuggling.")

of vessels with prohibited cargo on coast, subjects them to forfeiture, 770.
distances within which the seizure may be made, 770.

this law is founded on the statutes 24 Geo. 3. c. 47. and 47 Geo. 3. sess. 2.
c. 66., 770.

enactment of the 24 Geo. 3. c. 47., 770.

in what cases of hovering seizure cannot be made, 770.

vessels found at anchor within limits of the port are seizable, if they have on
board certain articles, 770.

what articles will render vessel liable to forfeiture, 770.

how to proceed when ship is forced in by stress of weather. 770.

forfeiture in case of, extends to goods, ship, guns, tackle, furniture, &c.,
770, 1.

in case of information, evidence to shew that defendant was within any excep-
tions allowed must be given by him, 771.

forfeiture attaches immediately the unlawful act is done, 771.

therefore intermediate alienations or incumbrances are prevented, 771.
actual property is not altered till after seizure, 771.-(See " Forfeiture.")
within what distance seizure to be made, 772.-(See "Seizure.")

vessels found, and coming from what places, laden with articles, seizable,
773, 4.-(See "Seizure.")

HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY,

when this company incorporated, 679.

provision of their charter, 679.

much of the exclusive trade granted to it, 679.

territories to be reputed one of the plantations or colonies, 679.

observations of Tucker on the charter, 679.

charter never confirmed by parliament, and their exclusive trade is now at an
end, 679.

the advantages of the company, 679, 80.

property sold at auctions of, not liable to duty, 821.-(See “ Auction.”)

HUNDRED,

as to prosecution of, by officers of revenue, 815.

provided for by 19 Geo. 2. c. 34., and made perpetual by 43 Geo. 3.
c. 157., 815.

allowed when officers are wounded or maimed in discharge of their duty,
815.

permitted to their executors, if they should happen to be killed, 815.
cannot recover more than £100 damages, 815.

action must be against hundred, &c. where fact took place, 815.

executor entitled to recover where blow given in lathe, though officer died
without it, 815.

how to proceed to levy damages recovered against hundred, 815, 6.-
writ to be directed by sheriff, 816.

and by him, to be delivered to justices of peace, who charged to ev
same, 816.

sheriff allowed 60 days to return the writ, and what is a good return, 216
where the magistrates may be proceeded against, 816.

ILLEGAL CONTRACT,-(See "Contract," "Insurance," "Smuggling.")

IMPORTATION,-(See " Exportation," "Trade," "Great Britain,” “

Laws.")

miscellaneous points relating to,

what foreign import trade best for the state, 18 to 24.

substance of doctrine usually received on this head, 18.

“Navigation

relative advantages of the importation of different commodities, 19.
a state at liberty to prohibit importation of certain merchandize, 79.
what articles may not be imported by aliens, 149, 50.

of clapboard on exportation of beer, 151, 2.

of pilchards, 152.

as to the importation of fish by foreigners, 161.-(See " Fisheries.")
when alien may import ships tackle, &c., 161.

in what ships importation must take place, 169.-(See " Great Britain,”
"Shipping," "Navigation.")

as to importation of fish, 170, 1.-(See "Fish.")

how affected by navigation act, 172.

of European goods into Great Britain, 176 to 192.-
(See "Great Britain.")

of European enumerated articles, 177.

66

goods mentioned in 13 & 14 Car. 2. c.11. not to be imported from the
Netherlands or Germany, 177.-(See “ Enumerated Articles.”)
as to importation of wine, 176, 7.-(See " Wine.")

of thrown silk, 179.-(See "Silk.")

of all goods from Europe, Asia, Africa, or America, and
colonies, in particular vessels, 169 to 264.

"Great Britain.")

of drugs, 195.-(See "Drugs.")

(See

of cochineal and indigo, may be in any ship till 25th March 1820, 196.
of goods, the production, &c. of Persia, through Russia, 196. — (See
"Silk," "Russia Company.")

how far a reimportation is legal, 208. 703.

but such reimportation must be by the original exporter, 208.

goods would not be forfeited for not coming from place of growth,
208, 9.

they may be again warehoused, 210. 553.-(See "Warehousing.")
these provisions do not extend to tea, 219. 553.-(See “ Tea.")
from colonial free ports, 216 to 221.-(See "Free Ports.")

to colonies by American United States, 220.-(See “United States of
America.")

from colonies to ports south of Cape Finisterre, 224, 5.-(See "Cape
Finisterre.")

into colonies from United States of America, 238.-(See "United States
of America.")

into Great Britain from United States of America, 235.-(See "United
States of America.")

into the colonies in cases of emergency, 239, 240, 241.

66

of goods from East Indies by the company, 666.-(See “ East India Com-

pany.")

by private trader, 666.-(See " East Indies.")
what constitutes an importation, 244 to 252. 569. 703, 4.

general rule on the subject, 244.

coming into port without breaking bulk primâ facie evidence of, 244. n.2.
no importation when ships driven into port by stress of weather, 244, 245.
and this though there be an intention to break the law, 245,

IMPORTATION,-(continued.)

what constitutes an importation,-(continued.)

stranded goods no importation, and they may be admitted to entry,
245, 6. (See “ Stranded.”)

judicial decisions regarding, 246.

where a ship is within limits of a port it is an, 246. 569.

thus sale of goods by one ship to another within limits of a port, subjects
goods to importation duty, 569.

not an importation where a ship comes into port to repair, or through wreck
or stress of weather, 246. 570.

though goods are run after her seizure by the sailors, 246, 7.

with regard to prize goods, 251.-(See "Prize.")

of fish and seal skins taken in whale fisheries may be duty-free, 273.

salt allowed duty-free to cure fish, 281.

of whales, &c. may be duty-free, 343.

what a sufficient importation to break continuity of voyage, 477.-(See
"Continuity.")

Law relating to, more particularly considered.

general view of the non-importation laws and their policy, 517.

the restraints on importation, as affected by the navigation laws, 514. 517.
-(See "Great Britain.")

woollen goods, 519 to 530.-(See "Woollen Goods.")

silk goods, 520.-(See "Silk.")

calicoes, cotton goods, muslins, and linen, 524.-(See "Calicoes,"
"Cotton," "Muslins," "Linen.")

French cambrick and lawns, 524.-(See " Cambrick," "Lawns.")
leather gloves, 524.-(See" Gloves.")

oak bark, 527.-(See " Oak Bark.”)

gold, silver, brass, or copper thread lace or fringe, 528.-(See
"Thread Lace," "Fringe.")

buttons, 529.-(See " Buttons.")

cut whalebone, 529.-(See " Whalebone.")

tin and pewter wares, 529.-(See "Wares.")

arms, gunpowder, ammunition, or utensils of war, 529.-(See " Am-
munition.")

wheat, rye, barley, peas, beans, oats, &c. 529.-(See " Corn.”)
cattle, meat, &c., 531.—(See " Cattle.")

fish, 532.-(See "Fish.")

cocoa nuts or paste, chocolate, hops, 532, 533.-(See " Cocoa Nuts,"
"Chocolate," "Hops.")

tobacco manufactured, 533.-(See " Tobacco.")

salt, 533.-(See "Salt.")

straw and chip hats, 533.-(See "Hats.")

colonial produce, 533.-(See "Colony.")

tea, 535.-(See " Tea.")

counterfeit money, 535.-(See "Money.")

gold and silver coin, 536.-(See "Money." Addenda.)

popish books, images, 536.-(See "Books.")

goods from enemy's country, 536.-(See "Enemy.")
books, prints, &c., 538.-(See "Books.")

the encouragements of importation, 538 to 570.
the regulations for this purpose, 538, 9.
wool, 539-(See " Wool.")
raw silk, 539-(See "Silk.")
linen yarn, 540.-(See "Linen."

IMPORTATION,―(continued.)

the encouragements of importation,-(continued.)
salt for curing fish, 541.-(See "Salt.")
seal skins, 541.-(See "Skins.")

unwrought goods, 541.-(See "Raw Materials.")
naval and military stores, 542.-(See " Stores.")

pitch, tar, turpentine, hemp, flax, timber, gunpowder, and arms, 542.
-(See the respective titles.)

colonial produce, 544.-(See "Colony.")

patent for invention abroad, 546.-(See "Patent.")

the encouragements to importation by Warehousing and Bonding System and
Docks, 546.-(See "Bond." " Docks," "Warehousing.")

Customs payable on, 702.-(See "Customs.")

sometimes made use of to restrain the importation of foreign goods, 705.
larger on manufactured goods than on raw materials, 705.

on goods imported in foreign than in British-built shipping, 705.
on goods not imported from place of growth than upon those that
are, 705.

sometimes continue for a limited period, 705.

thus duty on buck wheat remains only in force till March 1821, 705.
again on cotton wool not imported directly from place of growth, continues
till July 1822.

as to the duties on importation of sugar, 705.-(See "Sugar.")

IMPORTER,

of wine, 706.-(See " Wine.")

all kinds of wood, 707.-(See " Wood.")

of wool and cotton wool, 708.-(See " Cotton,” “ Wool.")

of fish oil, &c., 708-(See " Fish.")

of wearing apparel, 712.-(See " Apparel.”)

of carriages, 712.-(See "Carriages.")

of foreign watches and fowling pieces, 712.-(See Watch," "Fowling

piece.")

in respect to the South Sea Company, 721.-(See South Sea Com-
pany.")

in respect to quarantine, 722.-(See "Quarantine.")

as to the examination of goods warehoused by, 557.-(See " Warehousing.”
as to the payment of warehouse rent by, 558.-(See " Warehousing.")
oath of, of blubber, train, and spermaceti oil, &c., 710.-(See "Fish,"
"Oil.")

IMPRESS,-(See " Apprentice," "Pressing.")

INFORMATION,

one count in information on 8 Ann, c. 7. is not inconsistent with another on a
subsequent statute, 526, 7. 780.

for illegally exporting wool or woollen yarn, what it need not state, 575.
judgment thereon must be given by court out of which record issued, 575.
trial must not be in county where offence committed, 575.

court has discretion as to punishment, 575.

for penalty for not exporting drawback goods according to terms of notice, must
state election of the commissioners as to the penalty, 606.

against public colonial officer for offences there, may be filed and tried in England
by attorney general, 646.-(See " Colony.")

for a forfeiture may be filed at any time by attorney general, 772.

stating that a person was assisting, &c. in landing, &c. uncustomed goods,
sustainable if he directed others to do so, 779..