(2) In the next, the auxiliary is mixed, partly adjunctive and partly predicative; as, than,

(3) The auxiliary auxiliary will be seen below; as and,

Tenthly. The diagrams in the Grammar pass over in silence the not unfrequent case of double connection. An

illustration of its occurrence, in the case of a disjunctive participial phrase abbreviated from a sentence, appears in the subjective clause in the following diagram.

Eleventhly. There are some peculiar forms of combination for which advanced diagrams are greatly needed. (1) The conjunctive adverb often requires a peculiar treatment. Take the sentence,

Whither thou goest I will go,

and whither must be represented as in the following diagram,

(2). ADVERB, SUBSTANTIVE, AND CONJUNCTIVE.

(2) In the sentence,

Each soldier's eye shall brightly turn,
To (where) thy meteor-glories burn,

where has a three-fold office, substantive, conjunctive, and adverbial, and appears in diagram thus,

XII.-Compound Sentences, Parts Common.

Twelfthly. Compound sentences, having some or all of their principal parts common, as in the sentence, He and I study and recite grammar and arithmetic, cannot be adequately represented by the following diagram taken from the Grammar.

This symbolizes a connected, but not a common relation throughout. What is needed is rather the following:

XIII.-Sentences having Diverse Elements in
Correlation.

Thirteenthly. Sentences frequently occur in which some element is common to certain others, but in which those others stand to each other in an individual correlation, as in the sentence,

Business resulted in fatigue, fatigue in disgust, and disgust in change.

Here, resulted, the predicate, is common to the three subjects, Business, fatigue, and disgust, and to the three phrase adjuncts, in fatigue, in disgust, and in change; but each of these stands in distinct correlation to its own subject. Such an individual correlation no diagram in the grammar can exhibit. Hence, the only resource, is a

complex and needless threefold repetition of the predicate resulted, which destroys the compact, compound character of the sentence altogether, and makes it a loose, complex sentence. How readily the true character of the sentence, and the proper correlation may be symbolized, may be seen from the preceding diagram, the numbers indicating, at once, what modification of the predicate is to reflect its force upon each particular subject.

With this we leave the subject of supplementary or advanced forms, leaving the thoughtful teacher to judge for himself as to their practical merits, and only adding that even though accepted as superior to those in the Grammar, as advanced forms, it is not to be inferred, that they are to be pressed without caution or discrimination, upon the attention of those who are not advanced students in analysis and the use of diagrams.*

* In the supplementary forms presented in this chapter, several errors in engraving will be noticed, against the occurrence of which it was supposed every precaution had been taken. For example, some of the figures, instead of being strictly elliptical, as they were drawn, are nearly rectangular; and in several cases, the proper substantive figure has been used for adjuncts which required the proper adjunct figure. These errors, and others of the kind, must be carefully avoided by the pupil in his practice.