figure of the count de Charolois, shouting out to those in the town, "See here, the son of your duke! that false traitor the count de Charolois, whom the king of France will have hanged as you see his representative hanging here. He called himself the son of your duke: he lied, for he was a mean bastard, changed in his infancy for the son of our bishop, the lord de Haisenberghe, who thought to conquer the king of France." Many other villanous expressions did they use against the duke of Burgundy and his son, menacing their countries with fire and sword. DINANT.-Hanging the COUNT DE CHAROLOIS in effigy.-Composed from contemporary authorities.-The principal building is a Church, and the Civic Houses illustrate the architecture of the period. By this outrageous and childish conduct, they greatly offended the good duchess of Burgundy, mother to the count de Charolois, who was always reputed to be the most modest and chaste woman that was in the land of Portugal. When, therefore, these things were told to the duke and the count de Charolois, they were much angered; and the son swore, that he would make them dearly pay for it, as indeed happened very shortly after. While the confederated princes were surrounding Paris, the king left the city in a boat, accompanied by about twenty persons, and rowed down to Conflans, where the count de Charolois was posted. The count, on hearing of the king's approach, went to meet him, when they embraced each other like old and loving friends. A conversation ensued between them but I know not what passed, except that, shortly after, the count wrote to his father, to say that the king had been to see him, and had used very kind expressions in conversation. The king, on his departure, told the count, that if he would come to Paris he would give him a handsome reception; but the count replied, that he had made a vow not to enter any great town until he was on his march home. He then escorted the king back, attended. by his archers, to whom the king gave fifty golden crowns to drink together. During this * John de Hynsberg, or Heinsberg, the fifty-second bishop of Liege, who had some years before been com pelled to resign his bishopric in favour of Louis de Bourbon, nephew of the duke of Burgundy. truce, the lord de Croy and his friends were at Paris, and laboured most diligently to make their peace with the count de Charolois: even the king exerted himself greatly in their favour; but the count would not listen to nor talk of it, as the lord de Croy had once accompanied the king to Conflans; but the count de Charolois ordered him not to come thither again. The king made frequent visits there; and several secret conversations passed between him and the count, to whom the king showed the greatest appearance of affection and regard, which the truest friend could show another, frequently sending,back to Paris his guards, and remaining with the count with few attendants, saying that he thought himself fully as safe when in his company as if he were in the city of Paris. While these things were passing, it happened that the governor of the castle of Boulognesur-mer, in conjunction with a serjeant, sold this castle to the English of Calais and Guines, and was to give them possession thereof on the 28th day of August, while they set fire to the lower town, and during the confusion the English were to be admitted. The serjeant, however, told their plan to a companion of his, who betrayed them, and they were both instantly arrested, and, on the fact being proved, were beheaded, the 2d day of September following, and their bodies hung on a gibbet. It was these two who had found means to displace the son of the lord de Croy from his command in the castle, and replace him with those attached to the count de Charolois, who, on this account, had given them all the effects of the said de Croy that were in the castle. He had also promised them other great favours ; nevertheless they had betrayed him also. In the month of August, in this year, king Henry VI. of England was taken prisoner by a party of king Edward's. He was mounted on a small pony, and thus led through the streets of London, when, according to the orders of Edward, no one saluted or did him the least honour; for it had been forbidden, under pain of death. He was carried to the Tower of London, in the front of which was a tree, after the manner of a pillory, round which he was led three times, and then confined in the Tower. This proceeding troubled many of the citizens of London; but they dared not show any signs of it, nor open their mouths on the subject. Toward the end of September, the Bretons took the town of Pontoise, during the night, by means of the governor and other accomplices. The duke of Bourbon also entered the castle of Rouen with a body of men-at-arms, under pretence, and in the name of the duke of Berry. He placed therein the widow of the late lord de Varennes, in whom, however, the king had great confidence; and the principal persons in the town had advised her going thither. Shortly after the duke went to the town-house, where the commonalty waited on him, and submitted themselves to his obedience, on behalf of the duke of Berry, as their lord and duke of Normandy. The duke then went to the other towns in the duchy, as far as Caen, who all surrendered to him for the duke of Berry. During this time, a destructive warfare was going forward in the countries of the duke of Burgundy and Liege, which were alternately overrun and plundered, more especially by those of Dinant; so that it was a pity to see the great mischiefs that ensued. Those from Dinant were one day met by a party of Burgundians, who put them to the rout, with great slaughter, and some little loss on their side. Those that escaped made all haste back to Dinant, and on their return thither to revenge themselves ran to the town prison, in which were three Burgundian prisoners, whom they led out, to hang them on the first tree they should find without the town. One of them offered his vows to St. James the apostle, when the cord broke, and he escaped unhurt! Instead of him they seized a youth from Arras, the son of Martin Corneille, as he was returning from his studies; and if some among them had not remonstrated, that instead of hanging him they might force his father to pay. a large sum for his safety, he would infallibly have been put to death. CHAPTER CXXXII.-THE DEATH OF THE COUNTESS DE CHAROLOIS. THE COUNT DE NEVERS MONTENAC * THE CONFEDERATED PRINCES. On the 25th day of September, in this year, the countess de Charolois departed this life in the town of Brussels. She was the daughter of the late duke of Bourbon, and a good and devout lady. She left behind only one child, a daughter named Mary, and had always the grace to be humble, benignant, and full of the best qualities a lady could have, and was never out of humour. The duchesses of Burgundy and Bourbon were present at her decease, and were in great grief for her loss. A Burgundy gentleman, named Arkembarc, had made frequent visits to the count de Nevers, in Peronne, for the space of a month, having passports from the lord de Saveuses and from the king: he had likewise been with the count de Charolois and the duke of Burgundy, to find means for the count de Nevers to surrender Peronne. It is to be supposed that there was some secret treaty entered into between them; for on the 3d day of October, at four o'clock in the morning, the said Arkembarc accompanied by the lords de Roubaix and de Frommeles, and from five to six hundred combatants, advanced to Peronne as secretly as they could. When he came near the town, he left his companions, and, attended by only twelve persons, approached the bulwark on the outside of the castle, which he entered by scaling-ladders, and making prisoners those within, by their means entered the tower and dungeon of the castle. They there found the count de Nevers, the lord de Sally, and some others in bed, whom they laid hands on as day broke; but the count and his companions began shouting so loud that they were heard in the town, and the garrison hastily advanced in arms to enter the castle; but before this, from sixty to four-score of the duke's men had followed their companions into the castle, and mounting the battlements, harangued those below, declaring they were the duke of Burgundy's men, who had sent them thither, and they now summoned them to surrender the town to the duke. The garrison and townsmen retired apart, to confer together, and toward the evening answered, that they were willing to obey the duke, and opened their gates to the lord de Roubaix and all his men. Thus was the town of Peronne taken, and restored to the obedience of the duke of Burgundy. It was currently reported, that the count de Nevers had wished it to be thus managed, that it might appear to the king, to whom he had sworn allegiance, that it had been won without his consent: it was also added, that it was upon this condition he had made up the disagreements between him, the duke of Burgundy, and the count de Charolois. Whatever truth may have been in these rumours, the count de Nevers was carried a prisoner to Bethune, and Arkembare remained governor of the town and castle of Peronne. The 15th of this month of October, about five in the morning, the heavens seemed to open, and the brightest light appeared, resembling a bar of burning iron, of the length of a lance, which turned round, and the end that was at first very thick became suddenly thin, and then disappeared. This was seen, for more than a quarter of an hour, from the town of Arras. On the 19th of the same month, about eighteen hundred combatants, on the part of the duke of Burgundy, entered the territories of Liege, under the command of the count de Nassau, the seneschal of Hainault, the lords de Groothuse and de Gasebecque †, Sir John de Rubempré grand bailiff of Hainault ‡, and other knights and esquires. They burned and destroyed the whole line of their march until they came near to the large village of Montenac, situated five leagues from the city of Liege, and which the Liegeois had fortified and garrisoned with a force of four thousand men, then within it. These Liegeois, observing the *Montenac, a village about four leagues distant from Liege. Philip de Hornes, lord of Gaesbeck and Baussignies, grand-chamberlain to the duke of Burgundy, died in 1488, leaving issue Arnold lord of Gaesbeck, and John lord of Baussignies. John, son of Anthony de Rubempré and Jacqueline de Croy dame de Bievres. He was a great favourite of duke Charles, and fell by his side at the battle of Nancy. His son was Charles lord of Rivières. Burgundians march so near without making any attempt on the place because it was fortified, sallied out, and posted themselves where the duke's men must pass, with the intent to offer them combat. They surrounded themselves on all sides, except the front, with their baggage-waggons; and there they drew up their artillery in a very orderly manner. The duke's men observing their enemies thus posted and ready for battle, held a council, and determined to attempt drawing them from their strong position, and, in consequence, pretended to retreat from fear. The Liegeois seeing this manoeuvre, and mistaking it for fear of them, instantly quitted their post and began to pursue them. But matters turned out differently from what they had thought; for the duke's men wheeled about, and instantly attacked them with such vigour that they were immediately discomfited and put to flight, leaving dead on the field more than twenty-two hundred men; and as the duke's party lost but one archer, it was a splendid victory to them. During this time, the king of France remained in Paris, and the confederate princes around it, while the negotiators on each side were busily employed in establishing a treaty of peace between them. This was at length accomplished, in manner following, which I shall relate as briefly as I have been able to collect the articles. First, it was ordered, that to remedy the grievances of the realm, and to ease the people from the heavy exactions they had borne, the king should appoint thirty-six of the most able and discreet persons of his realm, namely, twelve prelates, twelve knights, and twelve counsellors, well informed as to law and justice, who should have full powers and authority to inquire into the causes of the grievances complained of, and to apply a sufficient and permanent remedy to prevent such in future; and the king promised, on the word of a king, that he would put into execution all that they should recommend on this subject. They were to commence their examinations on the 15th day of the ensuing December, and to finish the whole within forty days afterwards.-Item, all divisions were now to be at an end, and no one was to be reproached for the part he had taken on either side, nor was any one to suffer for his late conduct. Each person was to have restored to him whatever had belonged to him before open hostilities commenced, notwithstanding any acts to the contrary.-Item, the count de Dunois was to be repossessed of all the lands the king had taken from him.—Item, the count de Dammartin was to have again his county of Dammartin, and all other his lands which the king might have given away as confiscated. Item, the count d'Armagnac was to have again the lands the king had seized.-Item, the duke of Bourbon was to have all his towns, castles, and lands, which the king had conquered, restored to him; and he was, besides, to receive an annual pension of thirty-six thousand francs, on account of his marriage with the king's sister, and to be appointed captain of the gens-d'armes on the king's establishment. Item, in consideration of the king having failed in his engagements with the duke of Calabria, respecting the conquest of Naples, he was to receive the sum of two hundred thousand golden crowns, and to have the command of three hundred lances of the gensd'armes on the king's establishment.-Item, the duke de Nemours was also to have the command of two hundred of the said lances, and to be appointed governor of the Isle de France. Item, the count de St. Pol was constituted constable of France; and the king invested him with his sword of office, with his own hand, publicly in the palace at Paris.— Item, the duke of Berry, only brother to the king, was to have given him, as his appanage, the duchy of Normandy, for him and the heirs-male of his body, to hold in the same free manner as the dukes of Normandy had anciently held the same from the kings of France; that is to say, by fealty and homage; and thenceforward the dukes of Brittany and Alençon should hold their duchies from the duke of Normandy, as they had done in times past.Item, the count de Charolois should have restored to him all the lands which had been repurchased by the king from the duke his father, together with the county of Guines, to be enjoyed by him and his heirs-male, in the manner as shall hereafter be expressed. Item, the king promises, by this treaty, never to constrain any of the said princes to appear personally before him, whatever summons he may issue, saving on such services as they owe to the king on their fidelity, and for the defence and evident welfare of the kingdom.-Item, all such towns, castles, and forts, as may have been taken during these said divisions, on either side, shall be instantly restored to their right owners, with all or any effects that may have been taken from them. When these matters had been fully settled, each of the princes received letters-patent from the king, confirming all the articles that concerned each personally. CHAPTER CXXXIII.—A ROYAL EDICT RESPECTING WHAT THE KING OF FRANCE HAD CON- LOUIS, &c. Whereas, by the advice and deliberation of our said brother of Normandy, and of our very dear and well-beloved cousins the dukes of Brittany, Calabria, Bourbon, Nemours, the counts du Maine, du Perche, and d'Armagnac,-the presidents of our court of parliament, and other able and well-informed persons of our realm, we have given, conceded and yielded up, and by these presents do give, concede and yield up to our said brother and cousin the count de Charolois, in consideration and in recompence of what has been before stated, and also because our said cousin has liberally and fully supported, as far as lay in his power, our said brother, and the other princes of our blood, in the settlement of the late divisions, and for the restoration of peace, for him and his heirs, males and females, legally descended from him, to enjoy for ever the cities, towns, fortresses, lands, and lordships, appertaining to us on and upon each side of the river Somme,-namely, Amiens, St. Quentin, Corbie, Abbeville, together with the county of Ponthieu, lying on both sides of the river Somme, Dourlens, St. Ricquier, Crevecoeur, Arleux, Montreuil, Crotoy, Mortaigne, with all their dependencies whatever, and all others that may have belonged to us in right of our crown, from the said river Somme inclusively, stretching on the side of Artois, Flanders, and Hainault, as well within our kingdom as within the limits of the empire,—all of which our said uncle of Burgundy lately held and was in the possession of, by virtue of the treaty of Arras, prior to the repurchase we made of them,-comprehending also, in regard to the towns seated on the Somme on the side nearest our kingdom, the bailiwicks and sheriffdoms of these said towns in the same form and manner as our said uncle was possessed of them, to be enjoyed by our said brother and cousin, and by their legal heirs, males and females, descending in a direct line from them, together with all the revenues, domains, and taxes, in the same manner as enjoyed by our said uncle, without retaining to ourself anything, excepting the faith, homage, and sovereignty, as lord paramount of the same. "This mortgage we have made, and do make, in consideration of the repayment of the sum of two hundred thousand golden crowns of full weight, and of the current coin, and which neither we nor our successors shall be enabled to recover again, by repayment of the said two hundred thousand crowns, from our said brother and cousin during their natural lives; but it may be lawful for us, or our successors, to recover these lands from the direct heirs of our said brother and cousin, or from their heirs descending in a direct line, who may be in the possession of them, on paying back the said sum of two hundred thousand crowns. For the security of our being enabled to make such repurchase, our said brother and cousin shall deliver to us letters-patent, in due form, for the better confirmation of the same; and we will and understand that our said brother and cousin, and their legal heirs, that may be in the possession of these territories, shall have full powers to nominate and appoint, at their pleasure, all and every officer that shall be necessary for the government and regulation of these said towns and countries; and that such officers as shall be necessary for the collecting of all royal taxes, aids, or impositions, shall be nominated by us, at the recommendation of our said brother and cousin, and their heirs, as was done during the time our said uncle of Burgundy held these towns and countries. "Whereas, by the treaty of Arras, it was agreed, among other articles, that the county of Boulogne should remain to our uncle of Burgundy, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, and whereas our late lord and father bound himself to recompense all who claimed any right to it, we, for the causes and considerations before mentioned, and without derogating from the treaty of Arras, confirm the above article respecting the county of Boulogne, |