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THE PROGRESS of the CHRISTIAN RELIGION, AND THE SENTI.
MENTS, MANNERS, NUMBERS, AND CONDITION OF THE
PRIMITIVE CHRISTIANS.
Five Causes of the Growth of Christianity.
I. THE FIRST CAUSE. Zeal of the Jews..
Its gradual Increase....
Their Religion better suited to Defence than to Conquest..
More liberal Zeal of Christianity
Obstinacy and Reasons of the believing Jews......
The Nazarene Church of Jerusalem..
The Ebionites.
The Gnostics.
• 107
....... 108
....... III
.......... 114
Their Sects, Progress, and Influence..
The Demons considered as the Gods of Antiquity..
Abhorrence of the Christians for Idolatry
Arts....
Ceremonies.......................
II. THE SECOND CAUSE. The Doctrine of the Immortality of the
Soul among the Philosophers..
134
140
..... 135
......... 136
Approaching End of the World.
Doctrine of the Millennium..
Conflagration of Rome and of the World.
The Pagans devoted to Eternal Punishment..........................
Were often Converted by their Fears......
III. THE THIRD CAUSE. Miraculous Powers of the Primitive Church. 148
Their Truth contested.
Our Perplexity in defining the Miraculous Period......................................... 15I
Use of the Primitive Miracles
LXXXVIII
A. D.
CONTENTS.
IV.
Care of their Reputation..
THE FOURTH CAUSE. Virtues of the first Christians..
Effects of their Repentance...
PAGE.
154
155
156
Morality of the Fathers.
Principles of Human Nature..
157
The primitive Christians condemn Pleasure and Luxury.
Their Sentiments concerning Marriage and Chastity..
158
160
Their Aversion to the Business of War and Government..
162
Its primitive Freedom and Equality.
Union of the Church
V. THE FIFTH CAUSE. The Christians active in the Government
of the Church.
Institution of Bishops as Presidents of the College of Presbyters...
Provincial Councils.
164
165
167
169
170
171
172
173
174
176
Excommunication...
Public Penance..
178
179
180
182
The Skepticism of the Pagan World proved favorable to the new
Religion......
As well as the Peace and Union of the Roman Empire....
Historical View of the Progress of Christianity.
Christianity most favorably received by the Poor and Simple...
197
Rejected by some eminent Men of the first and second Centuries..... 198
Their Neglect of Prophecy..
ROMAN GOVERNMENT TOWARDS THE
CHRISTIANS, FROM THE REIGN OF NERO TO THAT OF
CONSTANTINE.
The Jews were a People which followed, the Christians a Sect which
deserted, the Religion of their Fathers...
208
Christianity accused of Atheism, and mistaken by the People and
Philosophers...
209
The Union and Assemblies of the Christians considered as a dangerous
Conspiracy...
212
Their Manners calumniated.
213
Their imprudent Defence.
Idea of the Conduct of the Emperors towards the Christians.
They neglected the Christians as a Sect of Jews...
LXXXIX
The Fire of Rome under the Reign of Nero....
... 220
Cruel Punishment of the Christians as the Incendiaries of the City.. 221
Remarks on the Passage of Tacitus relative to the Persecution of the
Christians by Nero.....
Oppression of the Jews and Christians by Domitian..
Execution of Clemens the Consul....
Ignorance of Pliny concerning the Christians.
Trajan and his Successors establish a legal Mode of proceeding against
them..
Popular Clamors.
Trials of the Christians.
223
227
229
230
231
233
234
236
237
238
257
His Danger and Flight..
His Banishment..
His Condemnation...
His Martyrdom...
Various Incitements to Martyrdom..
Ardor of the First Christians.
Gradual Relaxation.
Three Methods of escaping Martyrdom.
239
240
241
242
243
245
248
180.
Alternatives of Severity and Toleration.
The Ten Persecutions.
Supposed Edicts of Tiberius and Marcus Antoninus..
251
State of the Christians in the Reigns of Commodus and Severus..
253
255
259
274.
303.
Paul of Samosata, his Manners.
270. He is degraded from the See of Antioch.
The Sentence is executed by Aurelian..
284-303. Peace and Prosperity of the Church under Diocletian..
Progress of Zeal and Superstition among the Pagans
Maximian and Galerius punish a few Christian Soldiers..
Galerius prevails on Diocletian to begin a general Persecution.
Demolition of the Church of Nicomedia...
260
262
263
265
267
269
The first Edict against the Christians......
Zeal and Punishment of a Christian..
270
271
Fire of the Palace of Nicomedia imputed to the Christians.
Execution of the first Edict....
In the Western Provinces, under Constantius and Constantine.. 276
In Italy and Africa, under Maximian and Severus....
Under Maxentius..
277
278
In Illyricum and the East, under Galerius and Maximian.... 280
Probable Account of the Sufferings of the Martyrs and Confessors...
Number of Martyrs...
285
288
Conclusion...
291
THE MOTIVes, progreSS, AND EFFECTS OF THE CONVERSION
OF CONSTANTINE.-LEGAL ESTABLISHMENT AND CONSTI-
TUTION OF THE CHRISTIAN, OR CATHOLIC, CHURCH.
306-337. Date of the Conversion of Constantine..
His Pagan Superstition....
306-312. He protects the Christians of Gaul..
324.
Use and Beauty of the Christian Morality..
Theory and Practice of passive Obedience..
Divine Right of Constantine..
General Edict of Toleration.
Loyalty and Zeal of the Christian Party...
Expectation and Belief of a Miracle..
I. The Labarum, or Standard of the Cross.
II. The Dream of Constantine..
III. Appearance of a Cross in the Sky....
The Conversion of Constantine might be sincere..
The fourth Eclogue of Virgil.
Devotion and Privileges of Constantine.
Delay of his Baptism till the Approach of Death.
Propagation of Christianity....
312-438. Change of the national Religion....
Distinction of the spiritual and temporal Powers..
State of the Bishops under the Christian Emperors..
I. Election of Bishops...
II. Ordination of the Clergy
III. Property..
IV. Civil Jurisdiction.
V. Spiritual Censures.
VI. Freedom of public Preaching...
VII. Privilege of legislative Assemblies..
V.
334
335
... 337
.... 339
PERSECUTION OF HERESY.-THE SCHISM OF THE DONATISTS.-
THE ARIAN CONTROVERSY.- ATHANASIUS.-DISTRACTED
STATE OF THE CHURCH AND EMPIRE UNDER CONSTANTINE
AND HIS SONS.-TOLERATION OF PAGANISM.
312.
African Controversy..
315.
A. C.
360.
Schism of the Donatists..
The Trinitarian Controversy..
The System of Plato......
The Logos...
300.
Taught in the School of Alexandria....
328-337. He persecutes the Arian and the Orthodox Party.
337-361. Constantius favors the Arians.
II. Constantinople.
Cruelty of the Arians.
345, &c.
.....
The Revolt and Fury of the Donatist Circumcellions. Their religious Suicides..
312-361. General Character of the Christian Sects..
Toleration of Paganism by Constantine...
By his Sons....
VI.
388
389
....... 392
• 393
395
396
397
401
405
406
408
411
412
.... 415
415
417
419
AT-
-
THE RELIGION OF JULIAN.-UNIVERSAL TOLERATION.-HE
TEMPTS TO RESTORE AND REFORM THE PAGAN WORSHIP.
TO REBUILD THE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM. HIS ARTFUL
PERSECUTION OF THE CHRISTIANS. MUTUAL ZEAL AND
INJUSTICE.
361-363. Zeal and Devotion of Julian in the Restoration of Paganism..
Removal of the dead Bodies, and Conflagration of the Temple...