Recent Economic Changes: And Their Effect on the Production and Distribution of Wealth and the Well-being of SocietyD. Appleton, 1899 - 493 ページ |
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aggregate agricultural American amount annual Australia Austria Austria-Hungary average price Belgium bounties bounty system Britain British bushel capital causes cereals changes cheaper civilization coal coinage commercial commodities compared competition consumers consumption continued cost cotton countries crease decline in prices demand depression distribution duction duties economic disturbances effect employment England estimated Europe excess exchange existing experience exports extent fact favor fifty foreign formerly France freight French Germany Gold and Silver greater greatly hours of labor imports improvement increase India industry influence iron and steel Italy land Latin Union less London machinery mainly manufacture material ment metals nations natural operations over-production period phylloxera pig-iron population pounds present production profits quantity quinine railroad railway recent reduction reported respect restrictions Robert Giffen Russia Silver Commission Sir Lowthian Bell statistics Suez Canal sugar supply tariff tion tons transportation United Kingdom wages wheat
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62 ページ - But in the way in which this business is now carried on, not only the whole work is a peculiar trade, but it is divided into a number of branches, of which the greater part are likewise peculiar trades. One man draws out the wire, another straights it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head...
77 ページ - People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise prices.
213 ページ - Never before in the history of the world have there been so many and such successful devices invented and adopted for economizing the use of money.
62 ページ - I have seen a small manufactory of this kind, where ten men only were employed, and where some of them consequently performed two or three distinct operations. But though they were very poor, and therefore but indifferently accommodated with the necessary machinery, they could,, when they exerted themselves, make among them about twelve pounds of pins in a day.
192 ページ - II., our colleagues express the view that "the greater part of the fall has resulted from causes touching the commodities rather than from an appreciation of the standard ; and again in Section 99, " we believe the fall to be mainly due, at all events, to circumstances independent of changes in the production of or demand for the precious metals, or the altered relation of silver to gold.
60 ページ - Minneapolis, from a thousand to fifteen hundred miles from the nearest seaboard, and under the auspices of men paid from a dollar and a half to two dollars and a half per day for their labor, is sold in European markets at rates which are determinative of the prices which Russian peasants, Egyptian "fellahs...
62 ページ - One man draws out the wire, another straights it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations; to put it on is a peculiar business, to whiten the pins is another; it is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper; and the important business of making a pin is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen distinct operations, which, in some manufactories, are all performed by distinct hands,...
63 ページ - As an immediate consequence the world has never seen anything comparable to the results of the recent system of transportation by land and water; never experienced in so short a time such an expansion of all that pertains to what is called "business...
vii ページ - ... that this equipment having at last been made ready, the work of using it has, for the first time in our day and generation, fairly begun; and also that every community under prior or existing conditions of use and consumption, is becoming saturated, as it were, with its results.
72 ページ - One of the commonest explanations of this depression or absence of profit is that known under the name of over-production ; by which we understand the production of commodities, or even the existence of a capacity for production, at a time when the demand is not sufficiently brisk to maintain a remunerative price to the producer, and to afford him an adequate return on his capital.