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were represented as maidens of a grave and solemn mien, in the richly adorned attire of huntresses, with a band of serpents around their heads, and serpents or torches in their hands. With later writers, though not always, the number of Eumenides is limited to three, and their names are Tisiphone, Alecto, and Megaera. (Orph. Hymn. 68; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 406; Virg. Aen. xii. 845.) At Athens there were statues of only two. (Schol. ad Oed. Col. 42.) The sacrifices which were offered to them consisted of black sheep and nephalia, i. e. a drink of honey mixed with water. (Schol. l. c.; Paus. ii. 11. §4; Aeschyl. Eum. 107.) Among the things sacred to them we hear of white turtledoves, and the narcissus. (Aelian, H. A. x. 33; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 87.) They were worshipped at Athens, where they had a sanctuary and a grotto near the Areiopagus: their statues, however, had nothing formidable (Paus. i. 28. § 6), and a festival Eumenideia was there celebrated in their honour. Another sanctuary, with a grove which no one was allowed to enter, existed at Colonus. (Soph. Oed. Col. 37.) Under the name of María, they were worshipped at Megalopolis. (Paus. viii. 34. § 1.) They were also worshipped on the Asopus and at Ceryneia. (Paus. ii. 11. § 4, vii. 25. § 4; comp. Böttiger, Furienmaske, Weimar, 1801; Hirt, Mythol. Bilderb. p. 201, &c.) [L.S.] EUME'NIUS, whose works are included in the collection which commonly bears the title "Duodecim Panegyrici Veteres" [DREPANIUS], was a native of Autun, but a Greek by extraction; for his grandfather was an Athenian, who acquired celebrity at Rome as a teacher of rhetoric, and having subsequently removed to Gaul, practised his profession until past the age of eighty, in the city where his grandson, pupil, and successor, was born. Eumenius flourished towards the close of the third and at the beginning of the fourth centuries, and attained to such high reputation that he was appointed to the office of magister sacrae memoriae, a sort of private secretary, in the court of Constantius Chlorus, by whom he was warmly esteemed and loaded with favours. The precise period of his death, as of his birth, is unknown, but we gather from his writings that he had, at all events, passed the prime of life. The city of Cleves at one period claimed him as their townsman, and set up an ancient statue, which they declared to be his effigy.

The pieces generally ascribed to this author are the following. 1. Oratio pro instaurandis scholis. Gaul had suffered fearfully from the oppression of its rulers, from civil discord, and from the incursions of barbarian foes, for half a century before the accession of Diocletian. During the reign of the second Claudius, Autun in particular, after sustaining a siege of seven months, was compelled to surrender to the half-savage Bagaydae, by whom it was almost reduced to ruins. Constantius Chlorus having resolved to restore not only the buildings of the city, but also to revive its famous school of rhetoric, called upon Eumenius, who, it would seem, had by this time retired from public life and was enjoying his dignities, to undertake the superintendance of the new seminary, allowing him, however, to retain his post at court, and at the same time doubling his salary, which thus amounted to the large sum of 600,000 sesterces, or about 50007. per annum. The principal, before entering on his duties, delivered (A. D. 296 or 297) the oration now before us. in the presence of the praeses of

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Gallia Lugdunensis, in order that he might licly acknowledge the liberality of the prince, minian explain his own views as to the manner in wh and the objects in view could best be accomplished, pus might declare his intention of carrying these per into effect without any tax upon the public, so devoting one-half of his allowance to the support Sch the establishment. We find included (c. 14) 3 interesting letter addressed by Constantius to the menius. Im

2. Panegyricus Constantio Caesari dictus. congratulatory address upon the recovery of Brit delivered towards the close of A. D. 296, or the ginning of 297. [ALLECTUS; CARAUSIUS.]

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3. Panegyricus Constantino Augusto dictus, sh nounced at Treves, A. D. 310, on the birth-day E the city, in the presence of Constantine, contain hi an outline of the career of the emperor, in wh() all his deeds are magnified in most outrage ca hyperboles. Heyne is unwilling to believe Eumenius is the author of this declamation, wh M he considers altogether out of character with moderation and good taste displayed in his oth D compositions. The chief evidence consists hi certain expressions contained in chapters 22 am 23, where the speaker represents himself as ha native of Autun, and, in the language of a mana vanced in years, recommends to the patronage the sovereign his five sons, one of whom is spoke R of as discharging the duties of an office in t treasury.

4. Gratiarum actio Constantino Augusto Flavia sium nomine. The city of Autun having en rienced the liberality of Constantine, who i consideration of their recent misfortunes had r lieved the inhabitants from a heavy load of tan tion, assumed in honour of its patron the appellati of Flavia, and deputed Eumenius to convey to t prince expressions of gratitude. This address w spoken at Treves in the year A. d. 311.

For information with regard to the gener merits and the editions of Eumenius and the othe panegyrists, see DREPANIUS. [W. R.]

EUMOLPUS (Euμoλmos), that is," the gu singer," a Thracian who is described as having come to Attica either as a bard, a warrior, or priest of Demeter and Dionysus. The comma tradition, which, however, is of late origin, repr sents him as a son of Poseidon and Chione, daughter of Boreas and the Attic heroine Oreithy According to the tradition in Apollodorus (iii. 1 S 4), Chione, after having given birth to Eumolp in secret, threw the child into the sea. Poseidon however, took him up, and had him educated i Ethiopia by his daughter Benthesicyma. Whe he had grown up, he married a daughter of Ben thesicyma; but as he made an attempt upon the chastity of his wife's sister, Eumolpus and his s Ismarus were expelled, and they went to th Thracian king Tegyrius, who gave his daughter i marriage to Ismarus; but as Eumolpus drew up himself the suspicion of Tegyrius, he was agai obliged to take to flight, and came to Eleusis Attica, where he formed a friendship with the Eleusinians. After the death of his son Ismarus however, he returned to Thrace at the request king Tegyrius. The Eleusinians, who were involve in a war with Athens, called Eumolpus to the assistance. Eumolpus came with a numerous ban of Thracians, but he was slain by Erechtheus. Th traditions about this Eleusinian war, howeve

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ffer very much. According to some, the Eleusi- tains 23 biographies of sophists, most of whom were Fans under Eumolpus attacked the Athenians contemporaries of Eunapius, or at least had lived Eider Erechtheus, but were defeated, and Eumol- shortly before him. Although these biographies are s with his two sons, Phorbas and Immaradus, extremely brief, and are written in an intolerably ere slain. (Thuc. ii. 15; Plut. Menex. p. 239; inflated style, yet they are to us an important source locrat. Panath. 78; Plut. Parall. Gr. et. Rom. 20; of information respecting a period in the history of hol. ad Eurip. Phoen. 854.) Pausanias (i. 38. philosophy which, without this work, would be 3) relates a tradition that in the battle between buried in utter obscurity. Eunapius shews hime Eleusinians and Athenians, Erechtheus and self an enthusiastic admirer of the philosophy of amaradus fell, and that thereupon peace was con- the New Platonists, and a bitter enemy of Chrisduded on condition that the Eleusinians should in tianity. His biographies were first edited with her respects be subject to Athens, but that they a Latin translation and a life of Eunapius by one should have the celebration of their mysteries, Hadrianus Junius, Antwerp, 1568, 8vo. Among d that Eumolpus and the daughters of Celeus the subsequent editions we may mention those of ould perform the customary sacrifices. When H. Commelinus (Frankfurt, 1596, 8vo.) and Paul umolpus died, his younger son Ceryx succeeded Stephens. (Geneva, 1616, 8vo.) The best, howm in the priestly office. According to Hyginus ever, which gives a much improved text, with a Fab. 46; comp. Strab. vii. p. 321), Eumolpus commentary and notes by Wyttenbach, is that of me to Attica with a colony of Thracians, to claim J. F. Boissonade, Amsterdam, 1822, 2 vols. 8vo. the country as the property of his father, Poseidon. 2. A continuation of the history of Dexippus (Merd ythology regards Eumolpus as the founder of the AITTOV XрOVIKT iσTopía), in fourteen books. leusinian mysteries, and as the first priest of (Phot. Bibl. Cod. 77.) It began with the death emeter and Dionysus; the goddess herself taught of Claudius Gothicus, in A. D. 270, and carried am, Triptolemus, Diocles, and Celeus, the sacred the history down to A. D. 404, in which year tes, and he is therefore sometimes described as St. Chrysostom was sent into exile, and which ving himself invented the cultivation of the vine was the tenth year of the reign of Arcadius. This od of fruit-trees in general. (Hom. Hymn. in account of Photius (l. c.) seems to be contradicted per. 476; Plin. H. N. vii. 53; Ov. Met. x. 93.) by a passage of the excerpta (p. 96, ed. Bekker especting the privileges which his descendants and Niebuhr), in which Eunapius speaks of the joyed in Attica, see Dict. of Ant. s. v. Edμoλridai. avarice of the empress Pulcheria, who did not obs Eumolpus was regarded as an ancient priestly tain that dignity till A. D. 414; but the context of ard, poems and writings on the mysteries were that passage shews that it was only a digression in abricated and circulated at a later time under his the work, and that the work itself did not extend ame. One hexameter line of a Dionysiac hymn, to a. D. 414. It was written at the request of cribed to him, is preserved in Diodorus. (i. 11; Oribasius, and Photius saw two editions of it. In uid. s. v.) The legends connected him also with the first, Eunapius had given vent to his rabid feelHeracles, whom he is said to have instructed in ings against Christianity, especially against Conusic, or initiated into the mysteries. (Hygin.stantine the Great; whereas he looked upon the ab. 273; Theocrit. xxiv. 108; Apollod. ii. 5. 12.) The difference in the traditions about Euolpus led some of the ancients to suppose that wo or three persons of that name ought to be disnguished. (Hesych. s. v. Evμoλπídaι; Schol. ad ed. Col. 1051; Phot. Lex. s. v. Evμoλmidaι.) The tomb of Eumolpus was shewn both at Eleusis nd Athens. (Paus. i. 38. § 2.) [L. S.] EUMNESTUS(Evμvnoтos), son of Sosicratides, n Athenian sculptor, about B. c. 24. (Böckh, Corp. Inscr. i. p. 430, No. 359, comp. Add. p. ev11.) [P. S.]

EUNA'PIUS (Evváπios), a Greek sophist and istorian, was born at Sardis in a. D. 347, and eems to have lived till the reign of the emperor Theodosius the Younger. He received his first ducation from his kinsman Chrysanthius, a sophist t Sardis, who implanted in him that love of the bagan and that hatred of the Christian religion vhich so strongly marked his productions. In his ixteenth year he went to Athens to cultivate his nind under the auspices of Proaeresius, who coneived the greatest esteem for the youth, and loved Aim like his own son. After a stay of five years, he prepared to travel to Egypt, but it would seem That this plan was not carried into effect, and that he was called back to Phrygia. He was also killed in the medical art. During the latter period if his life, he seems to have been settled at Athens, nd engaged in teaching rhetoric. He is the author f two works. 1. Lives of Sophists (Blo piλoodhowv kal oopiotŵv), which work is still extant. He Composed it at the request of Chrysanthius. It con

emperor Julian as some divine being that had been
sent from heaven upon earth. In the second edi-
tion, from which the excerpta still extant are taken,
those passages were omitted; but they had been
expunged with such negligence and carelessness,
that many parts of the work were very obscure. But
we cannot, with Photius, regard this "editio pur-
gata" as the work of Eunapius himself, and it was
in all probability made by some bookseller or a
Christian, who thus attempted to remedy the de-
fects of the original. The style of the work, so far
as we can judge of it, was as bad as that of the
Lives of the Sophists, and is severely criticised by
Photius. All we now possess of this work consists
of the Excerpta de Legationibus, which were made
from it by the command of Constantine Porphyroge-
nitus, and a number of fragments preserved in Suidas.
These remains, as far as they were known at the
time, were published by D. Höschel (Augsburg, 1603,
4to.), H. Fabrotti (Paris, 1648, fol.), and in Bois-
sonade's edition of the Lives of the Sophists. (vol.
i. p. 455, &c.) A. Mai discovered considerable
additions, which are published in his Scriptorum
Vet. Nova Collectio, vol. ii. p. 247-316, from which
they are reprinted in vol. i. of the Corpus Script.
Hist. Byzant. edited by I. Bekker and Niebuhr.
Whether the rhetorician Eunapius, whom Suidas
(s. v. Movσávios) calls ó éκ opvylas, is the same as
our Eunapius, is uncertain. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
vol. vii. p. 538.)
[L. S.]

EUNEICE (Euvein), a daughter of Nereus and Doris, caused the death of Hylas. (Hes. Theog. 247; Theocrit. xiii. 45.) [L. S]

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EUNEUS (Evvnos or Eúvevs), a son of Jason | Constantinople, and bury it in the same tomb vi by Hypsipyle, in the island of Lemnos, from whence that of his teacher Aëtius. His works were ae supplied the Greeks during their war against dered by imperial edicts to be destroyed. Troy with wine. He purchased Lycaon, a Trojan contemporary, Philostorgius, who himself wa Ch prisoner, of Patroclus for a silver urn. (Hom. I. Eunomian, praises Eunomius so much, that vii. 468, xxiii. 741, &c.; Strab. i. p. 41.) The Eu- whole ecclesiastical history has not unjustly l neidae, a famous family of cithara-players in Lemnos, called an encomium upon him. Philostorgius w traced their origin to Euneus. (Eustath. ad Hom. besides, a separate encomium upon Euno p. 1327; Hesych. s. v. Evveîdai.) [L. S.] which, however, is lost. Photius (Bibl. Cod. 13 EUNICUS (Evikos), an Athenian comic poet who gives an abridgment of Philostorgius, of the old comedy, contemporary with Aristophanes Socrates (iv. 7) judge less favourably of him; and Philyllius. Only one line of his is preserved, they state that Eunomius spoke and wrote L from his play "AvTela, which was also attributed to verbose and inflated style, and that he const Philyllius. The title is taken from the courtezan, repeated the same things over again. They furt Anteia, who is mentioned by Demosthenes (c. Neaer. charge him with sophistry in his mode of argu p. 1351) and Ananandrides (ap. Athen. xv. p. 570, and with ignorance of the Scriptures. It sho e.) and who was also made the subject of comedies however, be remembered that these charges by Alexis and Antiphanes. There was also a co- made by his avowed enemies, such as Athanas medy, entitled Пoxes, which was variously ascribed Basilius the Great, Gregorius Nazianzenus, Gre to Aristophanes, Philyllius, and Eunicus. The rius of Nyssa, Chrysostom, and others, who attack name of this poet is sometimes given incorrectly him not only in their general works on the hist Alvikos. (Suid. s. v. Aivikos; Eudoc. p. 69; Theo- of the church, but in separate polemical treatis gnostus, ap. Bekker. Anecdot. p. 1369; Athen. iii. p. 86, e., iv. p. 140, a., xiii. pp. 567, c., 586, e.; Pollux, x. 100; Meineke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. i. pp. 249, 250, vol. ii. p. 856; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol ii. p. 444.) [P.S.] EUNI'CUS, a distinguished statuary and silverchaser of Mytilene, seems, from the order in which he is mentioned by Pliny, to have lived not long before the time of Pompey the Great. (Plin. xxxiii. 12. s. 55; xxxiv. 8. s. 19. § 25.) [P.S.]

EUNO'MIA. [HORAE.] EUNO'MIUS (Evvóμios), was a native of Dacora, a village in Cappadocia, and a disciple of the Arian Aëtius, whose heretical opinions he adopted. He was, however, a man of far greater talent and acquirements than Aëtius, and extended his views so far, that he himself became the founder of a sect called the Eunomians or Anomoei, because they not only denied the equality between the Father and the Son, but even the similarity (óμolóτns). Eunomius was at first a deacon at Antioch, and in A. D. 360 he succeeded Eleusius as bishop of Cyzicus. But he did not remain long in the enjoyment of that post, for he was deposed in the same year by the command of the emperor Constantius, and expelled by the inhabitants of Cyzicus. (Philostorg. ix. 5; Theodoret, ii. 27, 29; Socrat. iv. 7; Sozom. vi. 8.) In the reign of Julian and Jovian, Eunomius lived at Constantinople, and in the reign of Valens, he resided in the neigh- | bourhood of Chalcedon, until he was denounced to the emperor for harbouring in his house the tyrant Procopius, in consequence of which he was sent to Mauritania into exile. When, on his way thither, he had reached Mursa in Illyricum, the emperor called him back. Theodosius the Great afterwards exiled him to a place called Halmyris, in Moesia, on the Danube. (Sozom. vii. 17; Niceph. xii. 29.) But being driven away from that place by the barbarians, he was sent to Caesareia. Here, too, he met with no better reception; for, having written against their bishop, Basilius, he was hated by the citizens of Caesareia. At length, he was permitted to return to his native village of Dacora, where he spent the remainder of his life, and died at an advanced age, about A. D. 394. Eutropius Patricius ordered his body to be carried to Tyana, and there to be entrusted to the care of the monks, in order that his disciples might not carry it to

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Eunomius wrote several works against the thodox faith; and Rufinus (H. E. i. 25) remai that his arguments were held in such high este G by his followers, that they were set above authority of the Scriptures. After his death, edic were repeatedly issued that his works should destroyed (Philostorg. xi. 5; Cod. Theod. xvi. 34 and hence most of his works themselves have come down to us, and all that is extant consists what is quoted by his opponents for the purpos refuting him. The following works are known t have been written by him: 1. A commentary the Epistle to the Romans, in seven books, wh is censured by Socrates (iv. 7; comp. Suidas, & Euvóμios) for its verbose style and shallowne C 2. Epistles, of which Photius (Bibl. Cod. 13 read about forty, and in which he found the s faults as in the other works of Eunomius; Philostorgius (x. 6; comp. Niceph. xii. 29) p ferred them to his other writings. 3. An Erps tion of Faith, which was laid before the emperr Theodosius at Constantinople in A. D. 383, web several bishops were summoned to that city make declarations of their faith. (Socrat. v. li Sozom. vii. 12.) This little work is still extan: and has been edited by Valesius in his notes Socrates (l. c.), and after him by Baluz in th Nova Collect. Concil. vol. i. p. 89. The best editi is that of Ch. H. G. Rettberg, in his Marcellian Götting. 1794, 8vo. 4. 'ATTOλOYNTIKÓs, or a fence of his doctrines. This is the famous treatis of which Basilius wrote a refutation in five book which accordingly contain a great many extrac from the Apologeticus. The beginning and the e logue are printed in Cave's Hist. Lit. vol. i. P. 17 &c. with a Latin translation; but the whole still extant, and was published in an English tra lation by W. Whiston, in his Eunomianism Redivivus, London, 1711, 8vo. The Greek origi has never been published entire. After the ref tation of Basilius had appeared, Eunomius wrot 5. 'ATоλoylas 'Aπоλoyla, which, however, w not published till after his death. Like the Apo geticus, it was attacked by several orthodox writes whose works, except that of Gregorius of Nys have perished together with that of Eunomi (Gregor. Nyss. vol. ii. pp. 289, 298, &c. ed. 163 See Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ix. p. 207, &c.; Car Hist. Lit. vol. i. p. 169, &c.

[L. S.]

EU'NOMUS (Evvoμos), a son of Architeles, as killed by Heracles. (Apollod. ii. 7. § 6.) Eusathias (ad Hom. p. 1900) calls him Archias or haerias. [L. S.] EU'NOMUS (Evvouos), fifth or sixth king of Sparta in the Proclid line, is described by Pausaias, Plutarch, and others, as the father of Lycurgus nd Polydectes. Herodotus, on the contrary, places im in his list after, Polydectes, and Dionysius of Halicarnassus gives the name to the nephew in whose tead Lycurgus governed. Simonides, finally, makes Lycurgus and Eunomus the children of Prytanis. n all probability, the name was invented with reTerence to the Lycurgean Evvouía, and Eunomus, if not wholly rejected, must be identified with Poydectes. In the reign of Eunomus and Polydectes, days Pausanias, Sparta was at peace. (Plut. Lyc. 2; Paus. iii. 7. § 2; Herod. viii. 131; See Clinton, F. H. i. p. 143, note z, and p. 335, where the question is fully discussed; compare Müller, Doarians, book i. 7. § 3, and § 6, note b.) [A. H. C.] EU'NOMUS (Eovouos), an Athenian, was sent out in command of thirteen ships, in 3. c. 388, to act against the Lacedaemonian Gorgopas, vice-admiral of Hierax, and the Aerinetan privateers. Gorgopas, on his return from Ephesus, whither he had escorted ANTALCIDAS his mission to the Persian court, fell in with the squadron of Eunomus, which chased him o Aegina. Eunomus then sailed away after dark, and was pursued by Gorgopas, who captured four of his triremes, in an engagement off Zoster, in Attica, while the rest escaped to the Peiraeeus Xen. Hell. v. i. §§ 5-9). This was, perhaps, he same Eunomus whom Lysias mentions (pro yon. Arist. pp. 153, 154) as one of those sent by Conon to Sicily, to persuade Dionysius I. to form an alliance with Athens against Sparta. The mission was so far successful, that Dionysius withheld he ships which he was preparing to despatch to he aid of the Lacedaemonians.

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[E. E.]

EU'NOMUS (Eovouos), a cithara-player of Locri, in Italy. One of the strings of his cithara peing broken (so runs the tale) in a musical contest at the Pythian games, a cicada perched on the nstrument, and by its notes supplied the deficiency. Strabo tells us there was a statue of Eunomus at Locri, holding his cithara with the icada, his friend in need, upon it. (Strab. vi. p. 260; Casaub. ad loc.; Clem. Alex. Protrept. i.; comp. Ael. Hist. An. v. 9.)

[E. E.]

EU'NOMUS (Evvouos). 1. A Greek physician, who must have lived in or before the first century after Christ, as one of his medical formulae is quoted by Asclepiades Pharmacion. (Ap. Galen. de Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. v. 14. vol. xiii. p. 850, 851.) In the passage in question, for Evouos 'Aσkaniádns we should probably read Euvoμos o Aσkλnmiddelos, that is, a follower of Asclepiades of Bithynia, who lived in the first century B. C.

2. A physician in the fourth century after Christ, mentioned in ridicule by Ausonius, Epigr. 75.

[W. A. G.]

EUNO'NES, king of the Adorsi or Aorsi, with whom the Romans made an alliance in their war against Mithridates, king of the Bosporus, in B. c. 50, and at whose court Mithridates took refuge, when he was unable any longer to hold out against he Romans. Eunones, taking compassion on him, wrote to the emperor Claudius on his behalf. (Tac. Ann. xii. 15, 18, 19.)

EUNOSTUS (EtvoσTOS). 1. A hero of Tanagra in Boeotia. He was a son of Elinus, and brought up by the nymph Eunoste. Ochne, the daughter of Colonus, fell in love with him; but he avoided her, and when she thereupon accused him before her brothers of improper conduct towards her, they slew him. Afterwards Ochne confessed that she had falsely accused him, and threw herself down a rock. Eunostus had a sanctuary at Tanagra in a sacred grove, which no woman was allowed to approach. (Plut. Quaest. Gr. 40.)

2. A goddess of mills, whose image was set up in mills, and who was believed to keep watch over the just weight of flour. (Hesych. s. v.; Eustath. ad Hom. pp. 214, 1383.) [L. S.]

EUNUS (Evvous), the leader of the Sicilian slaves in the servile war which broke out in 130 B. C. He was a native of Apamea in Syria, and had become the slave of Antigenes, a wealthy citizen of Enna in Sicily. He first attracted attention by pretending to the gift of prophecy, and by interpreting dreams; to the effect of which he added by appearing to breathe flames from his mouth, and other similar juggleries. (Diod. Exc. Photii. xxxiv. p. 526.) He had by these means obtained a great reputation among the ignorant population, when he was consulted by the slaves of one Damophilus (a citizen of Enna, of immense wealth, but who had treated his unfortunate slaves with excessive cruelty) concerning a plot they had formed against their master. Eunus not only promised them success, but himself joined in their enterprise. Having assembled in all to the number of about 400 men, they suddenly attacked Enna, and being joined by their fellow-slaves within the town, quickly made themselves masters of it. Great excesses were committed, and almost all the freemen put to death; but Eunus interfered to save some who had previously shewn him kindness; and the daughter of Damophilus, who had always shewn much gentleness of disposition and opposed the cruelties of her father and mother, was kindly treated by the slaves, and escorted in safety to Catana. (Diodor. l. c. Exc. Vales. xxxiv. p. 600.) Eunus had, while yet a slave, prophesied that he should become a king; and after the capture of Enna, being chosen by his fellow-slaves as their leader, he hastened to assume the royal diadem and the title of king Antiochus. Sicily was at this time swarming with numbers of slaves, a great proportion of them Syrians, who flocked to the standard of their countryman and fellow-bondsman. A separate insurrection broke out in the south of the island, headed by Cleon, a Cilician, who assembled a band of 5000 armed slaves, with which he ravaged the whole territory of Agrigentum; but he soon joined Eunus, and, to the surprise of all men, submitted to act under him as his lieutenant. (Diodor. l. c.; Liv. Epit. lib. lvi.) The revolt now became general, and the Romans were forced to adopt vigorous measures against the insurgents; but the praetors who first led armies against them were totally defeated. Several others successively met with the same fate; and in the year 134 B. c. it was thought necessary to send the consul C. Fulvius Flaccus to subdue the insurrection. What he effected we know not, but it is evident that he did not succeed in his object, as the next year Calpurnius Piso was employed on the same service, who defeated the servile army in a great battle near Messana. This success was

followed up the next year by the consul P. Rupi- |
lius, who successively reduced Tauromenium and
Enna, the two great strongholds of the insurgents.
On the surrender of Enna, Eunus fled with a few
followers, and took refuge in rocky and inacces-
sible places, but was soon discovered in a cave and
carried before Rupilius. His life was spared by
the consul, probably with the intention of carrying
him to Rome; but he died in prison at Morgantia,
of the disease called morbus pedicularis. (Florus,
iii. 20; Orosius, v. 6; Diod. Exc. Photi, lib.
xxxiv., Exc. Vales. ib.; Plut. Sull. 36; Strab.
vi. p. 272.) If we may believe Diodorus, Eunus
was a man of no talents or energy, not possessing
even personal courage, and owed his elevation
solely to the arts by which he worked on the
superstition of the multitude; but when we con-
sider how long he maintained his influence over
them, and the great successes they obtained under
his rule, this appears most improbable. Some
anecdotes are also related of him, which display a
generosity and elevation of character wholly at
variance with such a supposition. (Diod. Exc.
Photii, p. 528, Exc. Vaticana, lxxxiv. p. 113, ed.
Dindorf.)
[E. H. B.]

EVODIA'NUS (Evodiavós), a Greek sophist of Smyrna, who lived during the latter half of the second century after Christ. He was a pupil of Aristocles, and according to others of Polemon also. He was invited to Rome, and raised there to the chair of professor of eloquence. For a time he was appointed to superintend or instruct the actors, (Tods dupl Tov Aióvvσov Texvítas), which office he is said to have managed with great wisdom. He distinguished himself as an orator and especially in panegyric oratory. He had a son who died before him at Rome, and with whom he desired to be buried after his death. No specimens of his oratory have come down to us. (Philostr. Vit. Soph. ii. 16; Eudoc. p. 164; Osann, Inscript. Syllog. p. 299.) [L. S.] EVO'DIUS, was born towards the middle of the fourth century at Tagaste, the native place of St. Augustin, with whom he maintained throughout life the closest friendship. After following in youth the secular profession of an agens in rebus, about the year a. D. 396 or 397, he became bishop of Uzalis, a town not far from Utica, where he performed, we are told by St. Augustin, many miracles by aid of some relics of St. Stephen the Protomartyr, left with him by Orosius, who brought them from Palestine in 416. Evodius took an active part in the controversies against the Donatists and the Pelagians, and in 427, wrote a letter to the monks of Adrumetum, with regard to some differences which had arisen in their body on these questions. After this period we find no trace of him in history, but the precise date of his death is not known.

The works of this prelate now extant are :

1. Four epistles to St. Augustin, which will be found among the correspondence of the bishop of Hippo, numbered 160, 161, 163, 177, in the Benedictine edition.

2. An epistle, written in common with four other bishops, to Pope Innocentius I. This is contained in the appendix to the 6th volume of the Benedictine edition of St. Augustin.

3. Fragments of an epistle to the monks of Adrumetum subjoined to Ep. 216 of the Benedictine edition of St. Augustin.

Evodius is said by Sigibert to have written a

treatise, now lost, on the miracles performed b the relics of St. Stephen; but the Libri duo de raculis S. Stephani, placed at the end of the D Civitate Dei, in the 7th volume of the Benedicti edition of St. Augustin, was not composed Evodius, but seems rather to have been addressed to him, and drawn up at his request.

A tract, found in some MSS. among the wi ings of Augustin, entitled De fide seu De uni Trinitatis contra Manichaeos, has been ascribed Evodius, is considered a genuine production of & Augustin by Erasmus, but rejected by the Bene dictine editors.

(Augustin, Sermon. cccxxxiii. in Opera, vol ed. Bened. de Civit. Dei, xxii. 8; Sigibertus Gemb De Script. eccles. ep. 15.) [W. R.]

E'VODUS (Evodos), the author of two shat
epigrams in the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, And
vol. ii. p. 288; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. ii. þ
263.) Nothing more is known of him, unless he
the same as the epic poet of Rhodes, in the timed
Nero, who is mentioned by Suidas (s. v.). Ther
was an Evodus, the tutor of Caligula. (Joseph
Ant. Jud. xviii. 8.)
[P.S.]

|
EVODUS (Evodos), a distinguished engraver
gems under the emperor Titus, A. D. 80. A ber
by him, bearing the head of Titus's daughter Juli,
is preserved at Florence. (Bracci, Tab. 73; Mülle
Denkm. d. alt. Kunst, T. lxix. No. 381.) [P.Sj

EUPA'LAMUS (Evráλaμos), one of the signi ficant names met with in the history of ancient ar [CHEIRISOPHUS], occurs more than once among the Daedalids. [DAEDALUS, SIMON.] [P. S.]

EUPA'LINUS, of Megara, was the architet of the great aqueduct, or rather, tunnel, in Sama, which was carried a length of seven stadia through a mountain. The work was probably executed under the tyranny of Polycrates. (Müller, Ard d. Kunst, § 81, note.) [P.S.]

EU'PATOR (Evnáтwp), a surname assumed by many of the kings in Asia after the time of Ale ander the Great, occurs likewise as the name of a king of Bosporus in the reign of the emper M. Aurelius. This king is mentioned by Lucian (Alexand. 57), who speaks of his ambassador bringing the tribute which had to be paid to the Romans; and his name should perhaps be restored in a corrupt passage of Capitolinus. (Capitol. Anton Pius, 9, where for curatorem read Eupatorem.) The following coin of Eupator represents on the reverse the heads of M. Aurelius and L. Verus (Eckhel, vol. ii. pp. 378, 379.)

ON

COIN OF EUPATOR.

EUPATRA (Evπáтpa), a daughter of Mithr dates, who fell into the hands of Pompey at the close of the Mithridatic war, and walked with the other captives before his triumphal car at Rome (Appian, Mithr. 108, 117.)

EUPEITHES (Evreions), of Ithaca, father d Antinous. Once when he had attacked the Ther protians, the allies of the Ithacans, Odysseus pro

t

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