was banished Paris: she went to St. Antoine-des-Champs, where she resided until peace was made between the king and the princes of France.

The princes now advanced to St. Maur-des-Fossés, Conflans, and before Paris, after having staid some days at Estampes, as has been related in the chronicles of Monstrelet.

On the 3d of August, the king, having a singular desire to afford some comfort to the inhabitants of his good town of Paris, lowered the duties on all wines sold by retail within that town, from a fourth to an eighth; and ordained that all privileged persons should fully and freely exercise their privileges as they had done during the reign of his late father, the good Charles VII., whose soul may God pardon! He also ordered that every tax paid in the town, but those on provision, included in the six revenue-farms, which had been disposed of in the gross, should be abolished, namely, the duties on wood-yards, on the sales of cattle, on cloth sold by wholesale, on sca-fish, and others; which was proclaimed that same day they were taken off, by sound of trumpets, in all the squares of the town, in the presence of sir Denis Hesselin, the receiver of the taxes within the said town. On this being made public, the populace shouted for joy, sang carols in the streets, and at night made large bonfires. The next day, being Sunday the 4th of August, the reverend father in God master John Balue was consecrated bishop of Evreux, in the church of Nôtre Dame in Paris; and this same day the king supped at the hôtel of his treasurer of finance, master Estienne Chevalier. On Tuesday, the 6th of August, according to Gaguin, was beheaded at the market-place in Paris, a youth called master Pierre de Gueroult, a native of Lusignan, and afterward quartered, according to the sentence of the provost of the marshals, he having confessed that he had come from Brittany to inform the king that some of his principal captains, though serving under him, were otherwise inclined, which was meant solely to create suspicions of them in the king's mind. He had likewise accused many notable persons in Paris of being disloyal to the king. He had also confessed that he was a spy, to see and carry back to the princes and lords that were in rebellion against the king an exact account of the state of Paris, and of the king's preparations, that they might be the better able to carry on their damnable enterprises. It was for these crimes that he was executed, and his effects

confiscated to the king. During this time, the Burgundians and Bretons made two attempts to cross the Seine and Yonne ; but two good and loyal captains on the king's side, called Salezart and Malortie, resisted them valiantly each time with the few men they had. In this month of August, the franc-archers from the bailiwicks of Caen and Alençon, in Normandy, arrived at Paris, and were distributed into quarters, as follows: those from Caen, clothed in jackets, on which was embroidered the word "Caen," were lodged in the Temple and within its precincts. Those from Alençon dressed likewise in jackets, with the words "Audi partem" embroidered on them, were lodged in the quarter of the Temple beyond the old gate thereof. Proclamation was made throughout Paris, on the 13th of August, for all persons having willow-beds, or poplars, growing near to the walls, to cut them down within two days after this proclamation, or they would be abandoned to whoever would cut them down and carry them off. On this day, the count d'Eu came to Paris, as lieutenant-general for the king, and was decently received as such by the town.

For

Whilst the Burgundians were skirmishing before the walls of Paris, an usher of the court of Châtelet, called Cassin Cholet, had ran through the streets, crying out, "Get into your houses, and shut your doors, for the Burgundians have entered the town of Paris," which caused many women to fall in labour before their time, and others to lose their senses. this cause he was imprisoned, and, on the 14th of August, was sentenced by the provost of Paris to be flogged through the streets in which he had caused such an alarm, to be deprived of all his offices, and confined for a month on bread and water. He was tied to the tail of a filthy dung-cart, that had just been employed on its stinking business, flogged in all the squares, and then returned to prison*.

About this time, two hundred archers on horseback, tolerably well appointed, arrived in

The king saw this execution in one of the squares, and cried out to the executioner, "Strike hard, and don't

spare the scoundrel, for he has deserved a severer punishment."-La Chronique Scandaleuse.

Paris, under the command of one called Mignon. In the number were many armed with strong cross-bows, veuglaires, and hand-culverins. In the rear of this company came, on horseback, eight wanton women, sinners, with a black monk for their confessor. At this period, sir Charles de Melun, who had been the king's lieutenant in Paris, was dismissed from his office, and the count d'Eu appointed in his stead. The king made sir Charles, in lieu of his lieutenancy, grand-master of his household, and gave him also the bailiwick of Evreux, of which place, and of Honfleur, he appointed him governor*.

CHAPTER CXLIX.-THE BURGUNDIANS AND BRETONS QUARTER THEMSELVES ROUND PARIS; ON WHICH ACCOUNT THE CITIZENS ADD TO THE FORTIFICATIONS OF THEIR TOWN DURING THE KING'S ABSENCE IN NORMANDY.-THE KING RETURNS TO PARIS, WHEN SEVERAL SALLIES ARE MADE THENCE ON THE ENEMY, DURING THE LIEUTENANCY OF THE COUNT D'EU.-OTHER EVENTS, OMITTED BY MONSTRELET.

THE Burgundians and Bretons having recruited themselves in Brie and the Gâtinois, returned, on the feast of the Assumption of Our Lady, to Lagny-sur-Marne, and, on the ensuing Friday, fixed their quarters at Creil, and other places on the river Seine around Paris. The Parisians were alarmed lest an attempt should be made on their town during the king's absence, as it had been rumoured among them that one called master Girault, a cannonier of the Burgundians, had boasted that he would plant a battery on the dung-heaps fronting the gates of St. Denis and St. Anthony, that should destroy that part of the town, and greatly damage the walls. It was therefore ordered, that one person from each house in Paris should go, on the morrow, with shovels and pick-axes to these dung-heaps, and level them with the ground: little, however, was done, and the heaps remained as they were. On this occasion, sheds, bulwarks, and trenches were made on the outside of the walls, not only for the better defence of the town, but for the security of the guards.

The following Saturday, a number of the principal inhabitants and others waited on the count d'Eu, the king's lieutenant, and remonstrated strongly with him on the necessity of concluding a permanent peace between the king and the rebellious princes, for the general welfare and comfort of the kingdom. The count replied to them, that as the king, when he made him his lieutenant, had given him full powers to act for him, and for his kingdom, in such wise as might be the most profitable for both, the which he was bounden to do,-he would employ every possible means to bring about a general pacification, and, if necessary, would go in person to the enemy's quarters. Many fair offers were made to this effect to the Parisians by the count d'Eu, and master John de Popincourt, his adviser†.

On

The Burgundians and Bretons advanced, on the Monday, nearer to Paris; and on the following day the count d'Eu sent the lord de Rambures to them, to learn their intentions, and if they had any propositions to make. On the morrow, the lord de Rambures returned; but little was said of what he had done in his conference with the confederated lords. the Thursday following, the 22d of August, the Burgundians and Bretons intended to have skirmished before the walls of Paris, but a large force issued out against them. At this moment, a Breton archer of the body to the duke of Berry, accoutred in brigandines, covered with black velvet, with gilt nails, wearing a hood on his head ornamented with tassels of silver gilt, struck a horse on the flanks and thighs which bore one of the king's men-at-arms, who wheeling about to return to Paris, his horse fell dead under him; but an archer of the count d'Eu's company, seeing what had passed, hastily advanced, and thrust a half-pike through the body of the archer, who fell dead on the spot. He then despoiled him of his dress, and carried that and his horse into Paris, leaving him naked all but his shirt.

He was called the Sardanapalus of his time,-the swallower of wines and soups. He was afterwards beheaded at Andeley.-Cabinet de Louis XI. No. 1. vol. ii. COMINES.

He was son to Jean de Popaincourt, first president of the parliament of Paris, and died président à-mortier,

1480. It was he who, in December 1475, pronounced sentence of death on the constable de St. Pol.-Note in COMINES, vol. ii. p. 25.

James, son of Andrew II.; died after 1488, leaving by Mary de Berghes, daughter of John lord of Cohan, Andrew the third lord of Rambures, his son and successor.

At this time, the king removed the queen from Amboise to Orleans; and on the following Thursday he supped in Paris, at the house of the lord d'Ermenonville, where he made good cheer. He carried with him the count du Perche, William de Bischguiot, Durie, Jacques de Crevecœur, the lord de Craon *, sir Yves du Sau, sir Gastonnet du Léon, Nuast de Mompedon, Guillaume le Cointe, and master Regnault des Dormans. The women were, the damsel d'Ermenonville, La Longue Joye, and the duchess of Longueil: the other women of low degree were, Estiennette de Paris, Perrette de Chalons, and Jeanne Baillette. On the 22d of this month, the king went to meet the confederated princes, with few attendants and without any guards, as far as La Grange-aux-Merciers; but the duke of Berry was not there. The duke of Bourbon had some conversation on the Thursday with the king, in the open space before Paris, beyond the ditch of La Grange de Ruilly. The king was that day more decently dressed than usual, for he had on a purple flowing robe, fully trimmed with ermine, that became him much more than those short dresses he generally wore.

On the following Saturday the count de Charolois quitted his army, and had it proclaimed through his camp, that all should be ready prepared, under pain of death, to march instantly against the Liegeois, who were destroying his country with fire and sword. On the Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday, the duke of Berry, who was lodged at St. Maur-des-Fossés, was attacked with fever, which lasted these three days, when he was cured. The king had, this Monday, fires lighted, and a strict watch kept up in Paris, and the chains fastened across the principal streets, as had been always done since the re-appearance of the Burgundians.

SCENE IN THE STREETS OF PARIS, illustrating incidents frequently described in the text.-Light in lantern burning before a house-Chains across the street-Watch-fires burning in the distance. The site chosen is the old Place de Grève.

On the Thursday, the duke of Berry, with the other princes of the blood, were lodged at the palace of Beauté, as has been told by Monstrelet; but I find in another authentic chronicle,

This lord de Craon was George de la Tremouille, second son of George, count of Gruines and Boulogne, and

brother of Lonis, first prince of Talmont. He was governor of Burgundy in 1474, and died without issue in 1481.

and even in Gaguin, that he sent some of his heralds to Paris, who carried four letters,one to the burghers and inhabitants of that town, another to the university, another to the clergy, and another to the court of parliament. The contents of all were the same, namely, that he and the other princes of the blood had assembled and come thither for the general good of France, and that the town should send to him five or six burghers of note, to hear the reasons why he and those of his kindred had thought themselves obliged to take up arms for the welfare of the kingdom. In compliance with these letters, and that the inhabitants might learn the reasons of their conduct from their own mouths, the town delegated for this purpose, master Jean Choart, then lieutenant-civil at the court of the Châtelet, master Francis Hasle, advocate in the parliament, and Arnault L'Huillier, banker in Paris. The delegates from the clergy were master Thomas de Courcelles, dean of Paris, master John l'Olive, doctor in divinity, and master Eustace L'Huillier, advocate in the parliament. The parliament deputed master John le Boulengier, master John le Sellier, archdeacon of Brie, and master Jacques Fournier. The deputies from the university were master Jacques Ming, lecturer to the faculty of arts; master John L'Huillier, for divinity; master John de Montigny, for civil law; master Anguerant de Parenti, for physic. They were all assembled and presented to the princes by the reverend father in God master William Chartier, bishop of Paris. News arrived this day that master Pierre d'Oris*, superintendant of the king's finances, had left him and joined the duke of Berry.

The above-mentioned delegates having waited on the confederated princes at Beauté, returned to the hôtel des Tournelles at Paris, where they met the count d'Eu, to whom they related what had passed, and the proposals they had received from these princes. On Saturday, the 24th of August, the university, the clergy, the court of parliament, with the municipal officers of the town, were assembled at the town-house to hear the report of their delegates, and to form resolutions thereon. It was resolved, that in regard to the request made by the princes for the assembling of the three estates of the realm, it was just and reasonable, and that a passage should be granted them through Paris, and provisions afforded them, on paying for what they should receive; at the same time they must give good security that no riots or disorders should be committed by their men, and these resolutions were to be subject to the approbation of the king,-and the delegates were ordered to carry back this answer to the princes.

On this same Saturday, a muster was made in Paris, not only of the king's men-at-arms, but of all others capable of bearing arms, so that it was a fine sight. First marched on foot the archers from Normandy; then the archers on horseback; then the men-at-arms of the companies of the count d'Eu, of the lord de Craon, of the lord de la Barde, and of the bastard of Maine, to the amount of four or five hundred well-appointed lances, exclusive of infantry to the amount of sixteen hundred, all men of good courage. This day the king sent letters to Paris, to say that he was at Chartres with his uncle the count du Maine, and a considerable army, and that within three or four days he should come to Paris. This day also arrived at Paris the admiral de Montauban, with a large force of men-at-arms.

The duke of Berry, who had gone with his attendants to St. Denis, returned to Beauté, fearing the king's return. Wednesday, the 28th of August, the king did return to Paris, as Monstrelet has related; but he has omitted, what I have found in another chronicle, namely, that the king was attended by the count du Maine and the lord de Penthièvre and others; that he brought back the artillery he had taken with him, and a large body of pioneers from Normandy, who were all lodged in the king's hotel of St. Pol. The populace were much rejoiced at his return, and sang carols in all the streets through which he passed. The next day, the Burgundians came to skirmish before the walls of Paris; but so great a number of the king's men-at-arms sallied forth, with artillery, that they were forced to return, but not without having had many of their men killed and dismounted. The following Friday, several large convoys of flour, and other provisions, arrived at Paris from Normandy in the number, two horse-loads of eel-pies of Gort were brought from Mantes, and sold in the poultry-market, in front of the Châtelet at Paris.

* D'Oris,-D'Oriole, afterward chancellor of Fiance, and well known in the history of Louis XI.

:

In the afternoon of this day, Poncet de Riviere *, with his company, amounting to three or four hundred horse, made a sally, in the expectation of meeting the Burgundians or Bretons, but was disappointed, so nothing was done. On the night of this day, the Burgundians dislodged from La Grange-aux-Merciers, because the king's artillery were within shot of them. When they dislodged, they unroofed the building, and carried off all the wood-work, such as doors, windows, &c., to make themselves sheds elsewhere, or for firewood. On this day, according to Robert Gaguin, the king banished five of the delegates who had been at Beauté from Paris: their names were, master John L'Huillier, curate of St. Germain, master Eustache L'Huillier and Arnoult L'Huillier, his brothers, master John Choart, and master Francis Hasle, advocate in the parliament.

Several gallant sallies were made, on the following Saturday, from the gates of Saint Denis and Saint Antoine; at the first of which, an archer on the king's side was killed, and on the part of the enemy many were slain and wounded. This day, the king sallied forth from his bulwark of the tower of Billy, and thence ordered three or four hundred of the pioneers from Normandy to cross the Seine, to work on the Port à-l'Anglois, and opposite to Conflans, for it was said, that the Burgundians designed to throw a bridge over that part of the river; and the king ordered a strong guard of observation to be posted there. The king followed the pioneers, and crossed the Seine by a ferry without dismounting. On Sunday, the first day of September, the Burgundians threw a bridge over the river at the Port à-l'Anglois; but the moment they were about to march over, a body of franc-archers, with others of the king's troops, made their appearance, with artillery and other engines, and attacked the Burgundians so sharply, that they slew many and forced them to retreat. While this engagement was going on, a Norman swam over the river, and cut the cables that supported the bridge, so that it fell and floated down the stream. The Burgundians were likewise forced to move their quarters further from the walls, as the king's artillery annoyed them much. The Burgundians played their artillery also against the Port à-l'Anglois, by which a Norman gentleman had his head carried away by a shot from a culverin.

This day two embassies came to the king at Paris; one from the duke of Nemours, the other from the count d'Armagnac. A fine sally was made on the same day by sir Charles de Melun, the captain Malortie, and their companies, who had a successful skirmish with the Burgundians. This day also, there arrived from Anjou about four hundred men, armed with large cross-bows, who were instantly marched against the enemy, when two of the king's archers were killed and one taken; but seven Burgundians were slain, and two made prisoners. On this Sunday the duke of Somerset came from the confederates under passports to the king, with whom he had a long conversation in the bastile of St. Anthony. He was then offered refreshments; and, on taking his leave, the king, as it rained, gave him his cloak, which was of black velvet.

On Monday, the 2nd of September, the count du Maine, who was lodged at Paris opposite to the king, sent to the duke of Berry two tuns of red wine, four hogsheads of vin de Beaune, and a horse-load of apples, cabbages, and turnips.

CHAPTER CL.

COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED BY THE KING AND THE CONFEDERATES TO SETTLE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THEM. THE NOBLES OF NORMANDY COME TO PARIS TO SERVE THE KING.-SEVERAL SALLIES AND ASSAULTS ON EACH SIDE.-OTHER EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN THIS SAME YEAR MCCCCLXV. OMITTED BY MONSTRELET, UNTIL THE FINAL PEACE BETWEEN THE KING AND THE PRINCES.

ON Tuesday, the 2nd of September, after several parleys, commissioners were at length named by the king and the confederates to settle their differences. On the part of the king were selected the count du Maine and the lord de Precigny †, president of the parliament

* Poncet de la Riviere, Bailli de Montferrand, commander of franc-archers, &c. &c. an officer of distinguished merit, but not connected, as some have supposed, with either the ancient house of the viscounts de Riviere in Gascony, or with that of Rivers in England.—See Moreri.

The lord de Precigny-was president of the chamber of accounts. Another commissioner was appointed, namely, John Dauvet, then president of the parliament of Toulouse. He was greatly in the confidence of Louis XI. and employed by him on several embassies. He died