of the central pillar. The iron ties are original. The building has been restored by H. Clutton, in 1856, as a memorial to Bishop Denison, and the roof painted by Hudson. It contains the original tiled floor, a chair of the time of Henry VI., and an ancient wooden table: over the east side of the cloister is the library, built by Bishop Jewel, and furnished with books by Bishop Gheast. The bishop's palace contains a series of portraits from Duppa to Burgess, a chapel and good tower, Early Perpendicular. The palace hall was built in 1460. In Mr. Wyudham's garden is the old doorway of the north transept.

The principal monuments are the following:Nave, N. Side from E. to W.-Sir John Cheney, standard-bearer at Bosworth, died 1509, effigy of alabaster; Walter, Lord Hungerford, altar-tomb; Bishop Osmond, altar-tomb; Hon. John de Montacute, who fought at Cressy, d. 1388, altar-tomb and effigy; William Longspée, first Earl of Salisbury, d. of poison 1220, altar-tomb and effigy; the chorister bishop, basso relievo, a miniature figure in episcopal vestments 13th century, found 1680 near the pulpit, perhaps the effigy of Bishop Wykehampton, d. 1284.

S. Side E. to W.-William Longspée, second Earl of Salisbury, a crusader, killed near Cairo 1250, buried at Acre, effigy Bishop de la Wyle, d. 1270, effigy; Lord Stourton, hanged for murder with a silken halter (the privilege of a peer), 1556, at Salisbury, altar-tomb; Robert, Lord Hungerford, d. 1459, effigy of alabaster: Bishops Beauchamp, d. 1482, altar-tomb; Roger, d. 1139, basso relievo; Joscelyne, d. 1184, basso relievo.

Nave.-Edward Thomas Lord Wyndham of Finglass, d. 1745, (Rysbrach); Sir R. Colt Hoare (Lucas).

Main Transept, N. Wing.-Bishop Woodville, d. 1484, altar-tomb; Bishop Blythe, d. 1500, altar-tomb; Benson Earle and Walter and William Long (J. Flaxman); James Harris, author of Hermes (J. Bacon); the 1st Earl of Malmesbury (Chantrey). S. Wing.Bishop Metford, d. 1407, effigy and canopy; Lieutenant Fisher, killed at Moodkee (Pugin).

N. Side Presbytery.-Bishop Audley, d. 1524, chantry; Bishop Bingham, d. 1247, under a canopied arch; a cadaver; the indent of the brass, a cross fleury with a demi-figure, is perhaps the most ancient extant in England. S. Side.-Bishop William of York, d. 1256, canopied arch.

Choir Transept, N. Wing.-Bishop Poore, d. 1241, altar-tomb and

effigy of Purbeck marble; Bishop Wyville, d. 1375, incised brass, representing Sherborne Castle. Bishop Jewell is buried here. S. Wing.-Bishop Bridport, d. 1263, tomb, effigy, and small chantry, with biographical sculptures. Two memorial windows to 62nd Regiment, by O'Connor.

Lady Chapel. N. Aisle.—Sir T. Gorges, d. 1510, effigy; Bishop Mortival, d. 1375, slab with a floriated cross; Sir T. Mompesson, d. 1701, and dame, effigies; Bishop Capon, d. 1555, altar-tomb. S. Aisle.Earl of Hertford, d. 1621, and his Countess, d. 1563, effigies; W. Wilton, Chancellor of Sarum, d. 1506, altar-tomb.

DIMENSIONS OF THE CATHEDRAL IN FEET.
Length. Breadth. Height,

The Chapter is composed of a dean and four canons ; two stalls were suspended. There are four vicars-choral, seven lay vicars, eight choristers. There are two daily choral services, at half-past 10 and 3; and a weekly administration of the Holy Communion. In fourteen years, previous to 1852, 10,000l. were spent on the fabric. The capitular revenues, 1852, amounted to 25397. The library contains 2872 volumes, many valuable MS. service-books, a cotemporary MS. of Geoffrey of Monmouth, and a Gregorian Ritual with an Anglo-Saxon version.

Arms of the deanery: Az., the Blessed Virgin and Holy Child Jesus; in chief the letter D, sable.

Salisbury numbers among its bishops Osmund, the compiler of the famous Sarum Use; Roger the Chancellor, who won his mitre by singing a hunting mass quickly before Henry II.; Poore, the great architect; Wyville, who sent his champion clothed in white to try wager of battle with Montacute, Earl of Sarum, for Sherborne Castle; Waltham, Lord Chancellor; Cardinal Hal

lam; Ayscough, whom Jack Cade, one of his tenants, murdered at Evenden; Woodville, who died of sorrow at the downfall of his family; Blyth, Master of the Rolls; Cardinal Campeggio; studious Jewell, whose pack provided him with venison; Seth Ward, who could not refrain from a run with the beagles if he met them on the plain; the Whig Burnet; the troublesome Hoadly; Sherlock; Douglas, the friend of Goldsmith; and the learned Burgess. Among the dignitaries, etc., occur eleven Cardinals, quaint Fuller, N. Spinkes, W. Lisle Bowles, and John Bampton, founder of the Bampton Lectures at Oxford.

Wells.

WITHIN a few miles of the Vale of Avalon, and the ruins of the Abbey of Glastonbury, "the town of the 'Glassy Isle," so called from the lake which surrounded it, within a shelter of wavy hills, stands the Cathedral of St. Andrew of Wells, which derives its name from the ancient well in the bishop's garden, dedicated to that apostle. From each of the high-roads, the three glorious towers of the Cathedral, silver-grey in the distance, form a conspicuous object. With the magic of sun and shadow, the back-ground of harvest-field and meadow, bounded and girdled in by the blue hills, and a faint streak of sea far away, together with the stillness and repose, broken only by the sheep-bell, the peasant's song, and the hum of the summer-insect in the chalice of the wild flower, it forms a picture so dreamy and fairy-like, that we could almost fancy the fabric in its beauty would dissolve and float away like an autumn cloud. The Mendip Hills, bold and steep, some richly wooded, others bare and rugged, girdle the town; and to the south is seen the High Tor, on which R. Whiting, the last devoted Abbot of Glastonbury, was hung by the savage Henry VIII., 1539. Savaric assumed the title of Bishop of Glastonbury, 1192-1218. Queen Anne visited the city in 1613. On Lansdowne, near Bath, still

remains the hostelry chapel of St. Lawrence, used by pilgrims to the minster. To this day, Wells alone, of English Cathedral towns, has preserved its ancient seclusion and calm, which has continued unbroken for centuries. Its quiet streets are divided into four verderies, quarters once presided over by the verderers, or officers of assize, of the bishop's forest, of Mendip.

The ground-plan of the church, which is built of Doult ing stone, a shelly limestone quarried seven miles from Wells, is perfect. It consists of a NAVE of ten bays, with aisles; a TRANSEPT of two bays with aisles; in the north wing Holy Cross Chapel, in the south the chapels of St. Calixtus and St. Martin; and a CHOIR of six bays with aisles; a LADY CHAPEL of two bays, with aisles, once the chapels on the north of St. Stephen, on the south of St. Catharine, and two lateral chapels, which form an EASTERN TRANSEPTr-St. John's being to the south.

Bishop Jocelyn built the west front of the Cathedral 1206-44; he did not touch the nave. He dedicated the church, Oct. 23, 1239. The CHOIR was originally square at the end, with a processional path and Lady Chapel. The NAVE, WEST FRONT, TRANSEPT, and a portion of the CHOIR, are Early English, except that portion of the latter which was elongated in the Decorated style, the three westernmost arches being identical with the transept. The Early English part of the CENTRAL TOWER ends at the roof. The upper part, Late Decorated with a mixture of Perpendicular, was built 1318-21: within fifteen years it began to settle, and buttressing arches were added 1337-8. The stall-work of the CHOIR was erected, 1325, of wood from Middleton, each canon paying for his own seat. The church westward from the PRESBYTERY was consecrated as St. Andrew's, October 23rd, 1239. Bishop Harewell, 1366-86, built the upper part of the SOUTH-WEST TOWER, above the third row of statues, and glazed the west windows; Bishop Bubwith, 1407-24, erected the upper portion of the Late Decorated NORTH-WEST STEEPLE. The LADY CHAPEL Was built 1326, the PRESBYTERY was completed 1242-46, the CRYPT of the chapter-house in 1286. The Decorated

CHAPTER-HOUSE and CENTRAL TOWER were built by Bishop de la March, 1293-1302. The eastern side of the CLOISTER was built by Bishop Bubwith, the western by Bishop Beckington, and the south walk, with its Perpendicular tracery, completed by Thomas Henry, the treasurer. Thomas Beckington, about 1505, built three gateways. Ralph of Shrewsbury, 1329-63, moated and walled the palace, and built the residence of the vicars-choral. The library was founded by Bishop Lake, 1620.

The palm must be awarded to this unrivalled Cathedral, which distances all competitors, both in the completeness of its ground-plan, the richness and profusion of its sculpture, the delicacy and grace of its architecture, the almost perfect preservation of its three gates, palace, college, and conventual buildings, the extent of grassy lawn, and harmonious and picturesque accessories. Flaxman, Stothard, and Cockerell—sculptor, painter, and architect—have all borne enthusiastic testimony to the superb west front, entirely covered with sculptures, one hundred and fiftythree of the size of life and larger, including 21 crowned kings, 8 queens, 31 mitred ecclesiastics, 7 knights, 14 nobles and princes, all drawn by Carter in 1784-6; and upwards of four hundred and fifty of smaller figures, in niches, subjects from the Holy Bible, embodying the whole Christian scheme, from the creation of the world to the day of final retribution, which crowns the central gable, while in the third tier are designs from the Old Testament traditionally arranged on the south side, and those drawn from the New Testament to the north of the western portal; a plan or idea the same as was followed by Raffaele and Michael Angelo. In the first arcade are the early missionaries to England, next angels jubilant, holding crowns of glory. Above these are two tiers of kings and queens, on the north; bishops, saints, and religious, on the south, from the foundation of the church to the reign of Henry III.: while in the sixth tier, in the upper niches, and on the south and north fronts, are portrayed the dead rising from the grave, in the attitude and with the expression betokening their various emotions