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THE WEEKLY-REGISTER PUBLIC PAPERS.

After publishing this declaration, and petitioning bona fide, restrained to the regulation of our exthe king, lords and commons, separately, for alternal commerce, for the purpose of securing the redress of grievances, and transacting such other commercial advantages of the whole empire to the general business as the exigencies o the moment mother country, and the commercial benefits of appeared to demand, the first congress dissolved its respective members, excluding every idea of itself. The stamp act was repealed: but a con taxation, internal or external, for raising a revestant disposition being manifested to "tax the nue, on the subjects in America without their colonies without the consent of their immediate consent. representatives," after a variety of incidents which Resolved, n. c. 5. That the respective colonies are belong to the history of our country, a more ge-intitled to the common law of England, and more neral meeting of deputies from the several colo especially, to the great and inestimable privilege of nies met at Philadelphia early in September 1774, being tried by their peers of the vicinage, according constituted by fifty-one delegates, all the colonies to the course of that law. being represented except Georgia, then willing but too weak to take part in the events of the times. The first act of this congress was to ap probate the opposition made by the people of Alassachusetts to the British government; and, after recommending supplies to the suffering inhabitants of Boston, and writing a spirited letter or remonstrance to gen. Gage, the British commander in chief, they published the following

Declaration of Rights.

The good people of the several colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, New-Castle, Kent and Sussex on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, alarmed at the arbitrary proceedings of the British parliament and administration, having severally elected deputies to meet and sit in general congress in the city of Philadelphia, and those deputies so chosen being as sembled on the 5th day of September, after settling several necessary preliminaries, proceeded to take into their most serious consideration the best means of obtaining the redress of grievances. In the first place, they, as Englishmen, (and as their ancestors in like cases, have usually done, for asserting and vindicating their rights and liberties,) DECLARE,

That the inhabitants of the English colonies in North America, by the immutable laws of nature, the principles of the English constitution, and the several charters or compacts, have the following

RIGHTS:

Resolved, nem. con. 1. That they are entitled to life, liberty and property; and have never ceded, to any sovereign power whatever, a right to dispose of either without their consent.

Resolved, 6. That they are entitled to the ben of such of the English statutes as existed at the time of their colonization, and which they have, by experience, respectively found to be applicable to their several local and other circumstances.

Resolved, n. c. 7. That these his majesty's colonies, are likewise entitled to all the immunities and privileges, granted and confirmed to them by royal charters, or secured by their several codes of provincial laws.

Resolved, n. c. 8. That they have a right peaceably to assemble, consider of their grievances, and petition the king: and that all prosecutions, prohibi tory proclamations, and commitments for the same, are illegal.

Resolved, n. c. 9. That the keeping a standing army in these colonies, in time of peace, without the consent of the legislature of that colony in which such army is kept, is against law.

Resolved, n. c. 10. It is indispensibly necessary to good government, and rendered essential by the English constitution, that the constituent branches of the legislature be independent of each other; that, therefore, the exercise of the legislative power, in several colonies, by a council appointed during pleasure by the crown, is unconstitutional, dangerous, and destructive to the freedom of American legislation.

All and each of which, the aforesaid deputies, ira behalf of themselves and their constituents, da claim, demand, and insist on, as their indubitable rights and liberties, which cannot be legally taken from them, altered or abridged by any power whatever, without their own consent, by their representatives in their several provincial legislatures.

Resolved, n. c. That the following acts of parliament are infringements and violations of the Resolved, n. c. 2. That our ancestors were, at rights of the colonists: and that the repeal of them the time of their emigration from the mother is essentially necessary, in order to restore harmony country, entitled to all the rights, liberties, and between Great Britain and the American colonies, immunities, of free and natural-born subjects within viz. the realm of England. The several acts of 4 Geo. III. ch. 15, and ch. 34, Resolved, n. c. 3. That by such emigration they-5 Geo. III. ch. 25.-6 Geo. III. ch. 53.-7 Geo. neither forfeited, surrendered nor lost, any of those III. ch. 41. and ch. 46.-8. Geo. III. ch. 22. which rights. impose duties for the purpose of raising a revenue Resolved, n. c. 4. That the foundation of English in America, extend the powers of the admiralty liberty, and of all free governments, is a right in the courts beyond their ancient limits, deprive the people to participate in their legislative council: American subject of a trial by jury, authorise the and as the English colonists, are not represented, judges' certificate to indemnily the prosecutor and, from their local and other circumstances, rom damages that he might otherwise be liable to, cannot properly be represented in the British par-requiring oppressive security from a claimant of liament, they are entitled to a free and exclusive ships and goods seized, before he shall be allowed power of legislation, in their several provincial to defend his property, and are subversive of Ame. legislatures, where their right of representation can rican rights.

only be preserved, in all cases of taxation and in- Also 12 Geo. III. ch. 24, intitled, "An act for ternal polity, subject only to the negative of their the better securing his majesty's dock yards, maga. sovereign, in such manner as has been heretofore zines, ships, ammunition and stores," which deused and accustomed: but, from the necessity of clares a new offence in America, and deprives Amethe case, and a regard to the mutual interests of rican subjects of a constitutional trial by jury of both countries, we cheerfully consent to the opera- the vicinage, by authorising the trial of any person tion of such acts of the British parliament as are, charged with the committing any offence described

in the said act out of the realm, to be indicted and tried for the same in any shire or country within

the realm.

Also the three acts passed in the last session of parliament, for stopping the port and blocking up the harbour of Boston, for altering the chatter and government of Massachusetts Bay, and that which is entitled, "An Act for the better administration of justice, &c."

Also the act passed in the same session for establishing the Roman Catholic religion in the Province of Quebec, abolishing the equitable sys

English laws, and erecting a tyranny there, to the great danger, from so total a dissimilarity of religion, law, and government, of the neighboring British colonies, by the assistance of whose blood and treasure the said country was conquered from France.

sition.

Geography.

[The chief object in this department of our work shall be to present our readers with faithful and comprehensive abstracts of new and approved publications on this useful and interesting subject; adapted to the wants of our readers, generally; in all cases sufficient to give a correct idea of the chief things treated of by the author under consideration, and also detail as full a description of the country as most persons require for common use. Many considerations have induced us to commence with the Baron Humboldt's account of Mexico or New Spuin-to whose relation, justly celebrated as it is, we have nevertheless added a few facts and remarks from several other authors. These additions are made in the form of notes, or enclosed in brackets.]

MEXICO, OR NEW SPAIN.

Also the act passed in the same session for the better providing suitable quarters for officers and From the vast importance this country is daily soldiers in his majesty's service in North America. Resolved, That this congress do approve of the acquiring in the eyes of the politician, and from a opposition made by the inhabitants of the Massa-want of information as to its wealth, strength and chusetts Bay, to the execution of the said late acts ceived an account of it from the pen of so celebrated resources, the public, with uncommon avidity, reof parliament; and if the same shall be attempted a traveller and nice observer of things, as the Baron to be carried into execution by force, in such case, de Humboldt. Of his work entitled a "Political all America ought to support them in their oppo- essay on the kingdom of New Spain," the followResolved, That the removal of the people ofing is an analysis. It is by no means our present Boston into the country, would be not only ex- and conquest of Mexico which would lead to a reintention to go into a detail of the original dicovery tremely difficult in the execution, but so important cital of cruelties and crimes digraceful to human in its consequences, as to require the utmost deliberation before it is adopted. But in case the nature; sufficient it is to say it was made a province of Spain by the daring intrepidity of Hernando provincial meeting of that colony shall judge it Cortez, very early in the 16th century, under the absolutely necessary, it is the opinion of this congress, that all America ought to contribute towards reign of Charles V. Mexico, the capital of the empire, was at that time a large, populous and powerrecompensing them for the injury they may thereby ful city, and had the state been governed by a princeless weak and pusillanimous than Montezuma, it times more numerous than the little band Cortez might have withstood an army of Spaniards twenty brought against it, though assisted as he was by large bodies of allies, natives of the country, impa tient under the yoke of the Emperor, and regard

sustain.

Resolved, That this congress do recommend to the inhabitants of Massachusetts-Bay, to submit to a suspension of the administration of justice, where it cannot be procured in a legal and peaceable manner, under the rules of the charter, and the laws founded thereon, until the effects of our application for the repeal of the acts by which their charter-ing the Europeans as Gods.t rights are infringed, is known.

The country now called Mexico or New Spain, includes a much greater extent of territory than the Resolved unanimously, That every person who former empire of Montezuma, which, according to shall take, accept, or act under any commission or the Abbe Clavigero (a native of the country) was authority, in any wise derived from the act passed bounded on the eastern coast by the rivers Guain the last session of parliament, changing the sacualco and Tuspan, and on the west by the plains of form of government, and violating the charter of Soconusco and the port of Zacatula, including only the province of Massachusetts-Bay, ought to be the present intendancies of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, la held in detestation, and considered as the wicked Puebla, Mexico and Valladolid, the area of which is tool of that despotism which is preparing to destroy estimated at about 5,000 square leagues. those rights which God, nature, and compact, hath given to America.

When we contemplate the situation, uncommon fertility, and rich mineral productions of this extenResolved unanimously, That the people of Boston sive and delightful region of the earth, we must cease and the province of Massachusetts-Bay, be advised to conduct themselves peaceably towards his excel-views of a citizen of the United States pointed it to be surprised that the bold and comprehensive lency general Gage, and his majesty's troops now out as a proper field for the exercise of his daring stationed in the town of Boston, as far as can pos- ambition; that the fascinating picture he was so fulsibly consist with their immediate safety and the ly able to draw of the country could induce many security of the town; avoiding and discountenancspirits, "above the dull pursuits of civil life," to ing every violation of his majesty's property, or embark in his enterprize, however problematical of any insult to his troops; and that they peaceably final success-for the strength of Mexico is much and firmly persevere in the line in which they are greater, and its means of defence far more powerful, now conducting themselves on the defensive. than we have been accustomed to esteem it, as will

Resolved, that the seizing, or attempting to seize, any person in America, in order to transport such person beyond the sea, for trial of offences, committed within the body of a country in America, being against law, will justify, and ought to meet with resistance and reprisal.

(Documents to be continued.)

The Creoles-Spanish Americans-i. e. the descendants of Spaniards born in the country, frequently give this appellation to European Spa niards with great contempt, from their arrogant asIsumptions and intolerable pride.

be seen by the sequel. But the kingdom of Mexico | under the scorching sky of the tropics; the other furnishes an extraordinary proof of the wide differ belongs to the temperate Zone. The latter, very ence between the peaceful and humane policy of the thinly inhabited, is generally called the internal proAmerican republic, and that insatiate avarice which vimces-the former, from the elevation of the counseems to be the great spring of action in monarchi- try, three fifths of the land, even the great plains, tal governments, especially in the colonial depart- being from 6000 to 8000 feet above the level of the ment. This remark is made only to excite a lauda-sea, rather enjoys a cold or temperate than a ble feeling, in prompting us to pause for a moment burning climate"-Indeed a large part of the counand compare our situation with that of any other try may be considered as a great plain situate on people in the world. the top of a mighty ridge of mountains, on which

The name of Mexico is of Indian origin, and de-are piled other mountains of prodigious heights. The scriptive of the character of the people who inhabi- descents to the ocean are very gradual; travelling ted it; for it signifies the " habitation of the God of is not much interrupted by these fearful ravines and war." The present kingdom of Mexico, or that precipices, usually found in mountainous countries. vast extent of country over which the viceroy of The region of perpetual snow commences at the Mexico presides, occupies all the southern extremi-heighth of 13,500 feet. In the vicinity of the city ty of North America from the 38th to the 10th deg. of Mexico is a group of tremendous mountains; of N. lat. according to the survey of Baron Hum- the four greatest of which, Popocateptl, Iztaccehault, boldt, but according to several other authorities, and Citlatepetl, and Neuhcamptepetl, are respectively, perhaps more properly speaking, from the 40th to a 17,716, 15,700, 17,371 and 13,414 feet high, accordlittle south of the 9th degree; bounded on the north ing to the most accurate measurements. by regions unexplored, on the south by the isthmus The ports along the coast of New Spain possess a of Darien, which divides the two continents; on warm climate like the West Indies, and are subject the east by Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico, and to the like diseases; some of them are extremely on the west by the Pacific ocean, thus forming an unhealty, Acapulco, is particularly so, though extent of territory more than two thousand miles the grand emporium of a vast trade to Asia, Peru, long. Its greater width is from the Rio Colorado, Chili, &c. The city of Mexico has a delightful under the parallel of the 30th degree to the western climate-the mean heat of the coldest day is given limits of the province of Sonora or the south sea, at 62° of Fahrenheit, and of the warmest, 75°. The which is 1200 miles. This distance of breadth, how-general temperature of the " table land" of Mexico ever, must entirely depend upon the issue of an ex is 620-it produces wheat, corn and other vegetaisting disagreement between the governments of the bles in great abundance; while the land on the United States and Spain respecting the limits of coasts are fertile in cane, indigo, cocoa, cotton, &c. Lousiana, lately purchased by the former-the one The provinces called internal have climates similar claiming as far south as the Rio Bravo, and the to the United States. The richest veins of silver are siother as far north as the Rio Mexicano. The nar-tuate from 5000 to 6500 feet above the level of the sea. rowest part of the continent is fixed by the Baron Mexico with all its advantages, has very few na Humboldt from Tecoantipec, a port on the Pacific vigable rivers, the chief of which are, the river of ocean, to Vera Cruz, on the Mexican gulf; but if we the North (Rio del Norte) which has a course of take the limits of New Spain, as laid down by other 512 leagues, and discharges much water into the geographers, we shall find the narrowest part to be sea, but traverses a country very thinly inhabited under the parellel of the 9th deg. seven degrees fur- and sterile. The Rio Bravo and the Rio Colorado ther south, where the distance from sea to sea is both take their rise in the Cordillera under the 40° not more than 70 miles. Various schemes have been of latitude and discharge themselves into the Mexiformed, according to the different views of travel-can Gulf-the former under the parallel of the 140 lers, for uniting the two great high roads of the and the latter under the 28° N. of latitude. The world by means of a canal somewhere across the Rio Colorado is formed by the Zaguananas and the isthmus, none of which appear more visionary than Nabajsa, which derive their sources from two small some of those noted by our author. He mentions rivers which empty into the Gulf of California, and "nine points which at different times have fixed thus constitute one of the Baron Humboldt's probathe attention of statesmen and merchants"-the ble points of communication between the two seas. first of which is situate in the 54th deg. of north The Rio San Juan and the Rio Quito both arise from latitude, and the last is between the 43d and 44th a small ravine in the province of Choco; the juncdegree of south latitude, a range of more than 7000 tion of the Ruito, the Andugeda and the Zitara, miles of coast!-But the immense chain of moun- forms the Rio d'Atrato which discharges itself into tains, extending faom the 70th deg. of N. lat. almost the Atlantic Ocean, while the Rio San Juan empwithout interruption to the extremity of the south-ties into the South sea, these two rivers therefore ern continent, and in the most [apparently] eligible form another point of the probable communicaplaces of communication not less than 9 or 10,000 tion; and indeed, as the same indefatigable researchfeet (nearly two miles) high, will it is presumed, for-er tells us, a real communication has been opened ever present an insuperable barrier to the accom-there since the year 1783 for loaded canoes, which, plishment of so great a design. "Should a canal of by means of a small canal cut in the ravine, readily communication," says our author, "between the

two oceans be opened, the productions of Nootka The highest of the Alps is about 15,000 feet-of Sound and of China will be brought more than 2000 the Pyrenees only 6500 feet, and of the Pic of Tenleagues nearer to Europe and the United States.eriffe, the highest land of the old world, 15.395 feet. Then only can great changes be effected in the po Owing, perhaps, to their great humidity-the litical state of eastern Asia; for this neck of land, quantity of rain which falls at Vera Cruz, is estithe barrier against the waves of the Atlantic ocean, mated at 63 or 64 inches par unn. The general avehas been many ages the bulwark of the indepenrage of France is only 37 1 2 inches, "yet with the dence of China and Japan.” exception of a few seaports and deep vallies,' The whole surface of Mexico contains about Humboldt, "New Spain ought to be considered as 118,478 square leagues. About one half is situate a country remarkably salubrious,

savs

rivers.

The Editor's Department.

pass during the prevalence of heavy rains, from sea to sea. Besides these, there are many other considerable The public will observe from the quantity of mat The lakes, and Mexico abounds with them, of ter contained in this number, and from the expecta which we shall have occasion to speak hereafter, tion held out that several extra numbers will be adare merely the remains of immense basins of water ded to every volume, that our prospectus is not too which appear formerly to have existed on the high expanded for the means embraced in the plan. But and extensive plains of the Cordillera," and, for it will take us some time to get the business in its the most part, seem to be annually on the decline. desired train-many books and papers are yet to be (TO BE CONTINUED.)

The Chronicle.

sought for and purchased or otherwise obtained, and various things done to complete the arrangement; but so great is the public liberality* that we are encouraged to do all within the compass of our

There has lately occurred no important event power to meet it as we ought. Among many rare in Spain or Portugal; the French emperor is said and valuable articles already laid off for the REGIS to be reinforcing his army; and Wellington, with TER, we inform its patrons with much satisfaction, his strong holds, appears to make a formidable that a gentleman of great distinction has kindly resistance. The ultimate expulsion of the British proffered us the use of the Journals of the Stamp is a probable event, but whether Bonaparte will Act Congress, which assembled at New-York in shortly obtain quiet possession of these countries, 1765, the copy in whose possession, we have reais at least problematical-he has taught the people son to bel eve, is, perhaps the only one extant— to fight, and supposed to have lost in the bloody in the archives at Washington there is no record of contest not less than six hundred thousand men. the proceedings of that illustrious assembly. "Ye Gods! what havoc does ambition m. ke." Considering tables similar to those given in this Our accounts from England, to use the language number (by way of specimen) as among the most ef consul O'Brien, are " squally." The affair of useful and interesting articles we can possibly insert, the President frigate and the Littie Belt has excited affording easy reference to important facts, we much sensibility in England. A squadron of ships are preparing with much assiduity and care, a under the command of rear-admiral sir Joseph great variety of them, for occasional publication.Yorke, consisting of four vessels of 74 guns and two Those relative to the United States will, generally, frigates, has been dispatched for our coast, and be deferred until after the meeting of congress, may be daily expected. Some of the London news-when, from the documents to be laid before that papers say the admiral has orders to commence body, we shall be able to render them more perfect. immediate hostilities unless our government shall dis-A new census is about to be taken in England, avow the conduct of commodore Rodgers. It also which shall be duly noticed. In our next will be appears that some important dispatches have been inserted a table of the population of France. received from England-" Aking's messenger," the first officially acknowledged as such in the United States, passed through this city on Wednesday last "The history of the invasion of Spain by Bonato the British minister, Mr. Foster, at Washington. parte," written by an associate, and commenced in In the mean time the British ships of war are mak this number, will manifest that we do not intend to ing captures on our coast. Important events may come under" French influence."- A history of the be expected, but at present all is rumor and uncer war against Denmark, (Copenhagen!) designed tainty. for the historical department, will shew there is no From France our accounts are less gloomy than British influence" among us-and a narrative of heretofore; several American vessels have been the war with Tripoli, with our uniform conduct, released; rather effected, it would seem, by a whim we trust, will prove us to be influenced only by of the government than in consequence of any mate. American feelings. rial change in its policy. But the present enormous The department for News, denominated the duties on American produce in France forbids all Chronicle, is by no means what we intend it to be hope of a profitable and extensive trade until they It is expected to contain a history of the times, and are reduced, of which a prospect is held out. so it shall-but the arrangement therefor is not yet Few domestic events of much note have reached us accomplished. By the next publication we hope to during the week. At a meeting held at Vincennes, receive all the necessary papers, &c. to render Indiana territory, at which were present a large tolerably complete. A concise price-current shal number of very respectable gentleman, it was agreed occasionally be inserted, to gratify many patrons in among other resolves, as the opinion of the assem-the country.

ence."

bly, that the persons and property of this frontier can never be secured, but by breaking up of the combination formed by the Shawanoe prophet We hope to receive the indulgence of ou on the Wabash" It is generally believed in the friends for any irregularities that may be committe western country that the outrages committed by in the delivery or address of the WEEKLY REGE the Indians are brought about by "British influ-TER, in the first instance-for in this, as well as A war, however, is not expected; the the other arrangements, it is not only impracticabi Indians fearing the Americans too much to engage but morally IMPOSSIBLE that we should, at onc in it. The Spaniards, August 7, still possessed fall into that perfect system by which we hope the fort at Mobile; but were completely surrounded mark our general concern. We request that by the American forces, and had no further control ice may be left at the office or transmitted to us, over the navigation of the river. the errors or omissions made herein; they shall corrected or supplied.

It is ascertained that the late election for electors of a senate of Maryland, has eventuated in favor of the republicans--Thus the character of the state, for five years is established. All the returns are not yet received.

There are more than 1500 subscribers to WEEKLY REGISTER.

VOL. 1.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1811.

(No. 2,

Printed and published by H. NILES, Water-street, near the Merchants' Coffee-House, at §5. per annum. -I wish no other herald

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es But such an honest chronicler."

Public Papers.

Shakspeare—HENRY VIII,

4 Declaration of Rights by the People of Venezuela.

ated by the desire of re establishing those sacred principles on a solid basis, has resolved, in obedience to the general will, to declare, and doth now solemnly declare in the presence of the universe, these rights inalienable; to the end, that every citizen may at all times compare the acts of the gove nment with the purposes of the social institutions -that the magistrate may never lose sight of the rules by which his conduct must be regulated-and that the legislator may in no case mistake the ob jects of the trust committed to him.

SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.

Łis known to all our readers that the people of South America, generally, have taken up an idea The supreme congress of Venezuela, in its legis. lative session for the province of Caracas, taking they are capable of best managing their own conceras, and that several of the [late] Spanish proof the rights of man, which have hitherto prevail. into consideration that to the neglect and disregard vinces have cast off their dependence on the ed, must be ascribed all those evils which this peomother-country, and assumed to themselves a "rank and name among the nations o. the earth."ple has endured for three centuries past-and actu Caracas, or Venezuela [or that tract of country in South America, laid down in the old maps as Terra Firma; extending along the northern coast from the Oo oco to the like of Maracaybo] took the lead in the great atchivement; and, more fortunate than the other colonies, accomplished an almost bloodless revolution. With uncommon pleasure we prepared to REGISTER tae Declaration of Rights and of Independence, as issued by the delegates from the several provinces of this new Federal representative Republic, when our joy was much damped by the appearance of a uecree for "regu ating the liberty of the press," in which, we are sorry to observe, the finger of the priesthood; at all times, and in all countries The sovereignty resides in the people, and the (where established religions exist) the inveterate exercise of it in the citizens, by the medium of the enemies of reason, justice and truth. We must, right of suffrage and through the agency of their however make great allowances for this new representatives legally constituted. people, among whom the rights of self-govern- 2. Sovereignty is by its essence and hature imment cannot be considered as more than a theory prescriptible, unalienable and indivisible. not yet practically understood, as in the United 3. A portion only of the citizens, even with the States; whose inhabitants, always enjoying a re- right of suffrage, cannot exercise the sovereignty presentative system with a great portion of civil-every individual ought to participate by his vote and religious freedom, and accustomed to think in the formation of the body which is to represent and reflect on all political matters, at the first the sovereign authority; because all have a right to glance could discern the natural and unalienable express their will with full and entire liberty. This rights of man. The situation of our brethren of principle alone can render the constitution of their South America is materially different; and we government legitimate and just. have no doubt, they will cast off all the shreds of 4. Any individual, corporate hody, or city which slavery, and put on the whole garment of freedom, attempts to usurp the sovereignty, incurs the crime pure and undefiled, in a short space of time.* of treason against the people. The papers alluded to follow-the two first were translated for the Aurora-the last for the Whig

ARTICLE THE FIRST.

5. The public functionaries shall hold their offices for a definite period of time, and the investiture with a public function shall not attach any other imporThe editor has had the honor frequently to tance or influence than what they acquire in the converse with a distinguished gentleman of that opinion of their fellow-citizens, by the virtues they country; a man of high consideration at Caracas, may exercise whilst occupied in the service of the possessed of a strong mind and very correct ideas republic. of the great fundamental principles on which a free government should be constituted. On enquiry, some time ago, as to the part the clergy had taken in the revolution, he observe they behaved better than had been expected; but, added he, we gave 7. The law shall be equal for all, to punish crimes, into some of their measures for the moment, to and to reward virtues, without distinction of birti secure lasting advantages to ourselves; well knowing or hereditary pretensions. that when the government was firmly fixed they

6. Crime committed by the representatives and agents of the republic shall not be passed over with impunity-because no individual has a right to be come more inviolable than another.

could not shake it, though at the onset they might of Caracas as a temporising arrangement to effect perplex us a great deal, if dissatisfied with our con- some great an permanent good, or, in the language duct, or words to this effect. The moment I read of the hardy fishermen of the eastern states, I comthe decree for "regulating the liberty of the press,"pared it to " to throwing out a mackarei to catch & the remarks of this gentleman occurred to me, and cod." I trust, for the honor of Caracas, it wild I was led to hope it was intended by the legislature prove BOJ B

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