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woollen ends at Is. 4d. per score; she scoured counts of those parishes where any part of the her own weft, for doing which she had uo-wages of the working man is paid by the overthing allowed, and took her work to Hudders- seer from the poor rate. field. There was neither meat, drink, nor money in the house, when visited. 8. A family of three; weekly income Is. 8d.; no bed, excepting some straw, with an old bag for covering. It was so long since this family had any animal food that they did not recollect the time. They had not had any bread in the house for the last five years. The old woman is seventy years of age, and has long been praying for death to relieve her from her misery. 9. A family of four, whose weekly income was 3s.; they could not tell when they had any animal food, and it was two years since they had tasted bread. (Shame, shame.) This was the state of men in middle age, and

in the prime of life-of young men and wo: men; what then was the state of their aged parents? If they searched the workhouse and poor-books, they would find that they had so much allowed them as would keep them alive, and keep them miserable or pining in

workhouses.

Is there any evil equal to this? Can whirlwinds, earthquakes, pestilence or the sword, be equal to this? But mark, boroughmongers, mark, while this is the case there is a law to make corn (and bread of course) higher-priced than

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Scarcely a rick in the parish.” Ah! here it is again! The farmers are unable, in spite of the CORN BILL, to pay the labourers sufficient wages. The tithes, the taxes, and the monopolies leave them nothing. The produce becomes less and less every year as the land becomes less tilled, and more driven and less manured. The standing army thrives exceedingly, and Grey has improved Peel's-Bill-Peel's Police; but, alas! these do not add to the amount

of the crops. Every year the land is worse and worse cultivated; and thus it must be, until the taxes be repealed. This is what we want the reform for; and my opinion is, that the Ministers have repeatedly said, that the reform have not long begun to see this; for they will bring us no relief! I believe that they now see, that it would and must bring us cheap government; and I also believe, that they do not wish to have cheap government.

"PIOUS TO THE LAST!"

it would be without that law! What! a people in this state, and a law to make bread dearer than it would be without that law! Yes, because without that law the agricultural people must all be ruined. And why must they? Because DERBY BOROUGH SESSIONS.—April 14. other countries, which are untitled and BLASPHEMY.-An indictment was preferred comparatively untaxed would undersell by the Rev. Mr. Dean, a clergyman of the church of England, against Charles William our farmers. Well, then, take off the Twort aud John Ward. The defendants are tithes and taxes! Ah! Here it is: here dissenting preachers, and denominate themit is in a nut-shell: this would be done selves "Shiloites." Ward declares that he by the REFORM BILL ; and this is the has the only true light, that God is with him, cause, and the only real cause, of op-true and saving knowledge of God's mysteriby whose power alone he speaks, giving the position to that bill! Pass that bill, ous word, "the Bible." The other defendand we shall soon see an end to the starva-ant, Twort, professes to be called of God to tion.

assist in the work; and to engage in this, he gave up, voluntarily, a situation in the honourable East India Company's employ, which he had held for twenty years. The defend"THIS HAPPY LAND." ants have been residing in Derby, and issued notices of their intention to expose the craft of FROM ABINGDON, 20th. April.-A number the bishops and clergy, in an address to the of poor men attended from the parish of Ap- people, but the magistrates interfered. The pleton, to complain of the insufficiency of the defendants afterwards stuck upon the shutters pay they received. From the statement of the where they reside bills and papers, tending to overseers, it appeared that the farmers are un-hold up to contempt the established religion, able to improve the condition of the paupers, there being, as one of them emphatically observed, scarcely a rich in the parish. One fact transpired, which cannot be too generally known, and that is, a determination on the part of the magistrates not to pass the ac

the bishops and clergy. The prosecutor, on passing the house, saw the bills, and tore some off with his umbrella. One of the defendants went to him, when an assault was committed upon the prosecutor. The indictment arose from the publishing of the bills and papers,

The defendants being called upon to plead, handed over a writ of certiorari for removing it into the King's Bench; but it having been the day on which the Sessions were held at Derby (Saturday, the 14th instant), and the certiorari commanding the return to be made on the 13th, the defendants had no alternative but to come to trial instanter, or get a respite until the next Sessions. The defendants wished to have a respite, and drew up an affidavit themselves of the fact; but, from a trifling informality, it was objected to. Several professional gentlemen were present at the time, but none would prepare an affidavit for the defendants, until at last Mr. W. Whis tuu, jun. prepared one, which was accepted. Bail was immediately given for the defendants' appearance at the next sessions.

MANGEL WURZEL BEER.

TO MR. COBBETT.

Paisley, 13th April, 1832. SIR,-In your Register of last week, Lobserve inserted my letter to you of the 31st ult., and your request that I would give an exact description of my mode of making Mangel Wurzel Beer, which I do with much pleasure.

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and also divers pamphlets of a blasphemous worts as it now is) into a common nature, and aggravated by the assault upon washing tub or two, well cleaned, a the prosecutor. small pipe being near the bottom of the mashing tub; and in order to get the whole juice squeezed out, I place a small tub filled with stones on the top of the roots on the other tub, which in the course of an hour or so will squeeze it sufficiently. I also use the washing tubs for coolers. In the processes of boiling with hops, cooling, fermenting, and casking, I follow exactly the directions given for brewing malt beer, in your useful book called Cottage Economy; but for which I believe I never would have thought of brewing to this day, (very few young folks now-a-days being taught this useful part of domestic ma- . nagement, as was the case in every family in former times, until the political economy of the. Pitt school banished that, and many other good customs and comforts from the fire-side of the industrious). You have there given the instructions so plain in every particular, that no one who reads the book can go wrong in brewing. It is necessary to observe, however, in regard to this beer, that it does not do well, to be used so soon after brewing as is generally done The roots are first of all thoroughly with malt beer. After remaining in the cleaned, and then cut into slices across cask a week or ten days, I put it into the plant, of about three quarters of an bottles well corked, and keep it for eight inch in thickness, so that the substance or ten weeks before using; indeed I have of the root may be easily extracted in kept it for twelve months, and found it boiling; next fill your boiler with these to improve. I suppose the reason of this slices as full as it can hold, then put in is simply in consequence of its being the water, say as much as will cover the brewed from raw fruit, which you well roots, just in the same way as you would know must be very different from malt: boil a pot of potatoes; let them boil that is dried on a kiln. To obviate this moderately for about an hour and a defect, I at one time dried a small quanhalf, or an hour and a quarter, too tity of the slices of the Mangel Wurzel, much boiling is not good, for the same and found the ale from them much sureason that too much mashing of malt perior to the other, but not having conis not good; and although the whole venience to do this but on a very limitedsubstance be not extracted from the scale, I did not repeat it. If you well Mangel Wurzel, there is no loss, be- toast a slice at the fire, you will find it cause what remains, makes it just so has a fine flavour and sweet taste. The much the better for the cattle. If you difference in quality of spirits distilled wish the beer very strong, boil the same from raw grain, and that from malt, is juice over again with another potful of very great, and the difference of beer the slices; after being thus boiled, the from Mangel Wurzel in the raw state, pot is emptied of its contents, which I compared with what it would be dried, do with a mashing tub that I used for am of opinion will be much greater, malt beer, then I run off the juice (or there being a greater quantity of watery

I

matter in the root, which the beer would" garden here. I procured the seed be better without-and which might | "from an acquaintance who had it easily be evaporated by exposure to "direct from London. I planted it in heat. Your known skill and attention" hills after the American manner. I to these matters will soon suggest the" had twelve hills in all, and had I best method. "been aware of having an opportunity The beer, however, from the raw "of forwarding a head to you I cerplant is excellent, if kept a little time in " tainly would have selected one better bottles before using; and it is the easiest" than that I have transmitted.-Be so thing in the world for farmers to brew," good as say whether the head I have without any other utensils than those in" sent you is inferior in quality to that common use. One farmer of my ac- 66 you have seen from the various places quaintance here (Mr. Sproul Nether" in England.-If_agreeable to you, Craigs), who got some of your seed last" notice it in your Register. year, has brewed excellent beer, with which he is highly pleased, and intends now to have good ale of his own manufacture at all times; and several others who have got samples of the beer, are planting small plots this season, just for the purpose of brewing.

"I remain yours,

"THOMAS ANDERSON."

ANSWER.

Kensington, 30th April, 1832. SIR-First expressing my satisfaction at receiving this proof that my corn will You are well aware of the advantage come to perfection in Scotland, and of the Mangel Wurzel in feeding cattle; very sincerely thanking you for your I have fed my horses with it for the two kindness in furnishing me with this last winters, and never saw them thrive proof, I have to inform you that no corn better on any food, or more healthy; that I ever saw was, IN QUALITY, SUcaution however must be used in chang-perior to this ear which you have sent ing from any one food to another, and me. It had fewer rows of grain in it more particularly to Mangel Wurzel. The than the ears generally have; but no fact of its being richer than any other food of the kind to which the animal may have been accustomed, renders it the more necessary to begin by giving a small quantity at first, and increasing gradually to full meals. I found by experiment, in feeding a cow, that the produce of butter from a given quantity of milk was at least 15 per cent. greater than from Swedish turnips, and as to quality, nothing can surpass it.

I remain, Sir,

Yours most respectfully,
JAMES STIRRAT.

corn was ever riper or better. I have planted the grains this morning; and I will bet ten pounds that the produce is more than a Winchester bushel of SHELLED corn. I have told my people that this is the Scotch corn: and if I should be from home at any time during the summer or autumn (which is very likely to be the case), either you, Sir, or any friend of yours, will be showed the crop growing; and if I be at home upon any such occasion, I shall have particular pleasure in showing it you myself, and in showing it to any friend whom you may desire to call. A base miscreant tax-eater published, some time ago, in a Scotch newspaper, that "Scotland owed me a national debt of revenge." If this corn thrive there, Scotland will owe me some gratitude; but, be the debt of what nature it may, "Delingburn, Greenock, 13th March, 1832. this miscreant, if the devil have not "SIR,-I embrace the opportunity of already got him, will see me there one of a friend going from this to London, these days to receive my payment. If "of sending you a head of "Cobbett's it were proper to talk of gratitude due "Corn," grown in a corner of my from one's country people (which it never

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SCOTCH COBBETT'S CORN.

THE following letter will speak for tself, and then I will speak to it.

i

SEEDS

FOR SALE AT MR. COBBETT'S SHOP,
No. 11, BOLT-COURT, FLEET-STREET.
February, 1832.

LOCUST SEED.

is), the Scotch people would owe me a great deal; for I have always been the foremost to praise their sensible, their gallant, their public-spirited exertions to rescue their country from oppression; and always the foremost to detect, expose, and reprobate, their oppressors, For instructions relative to sowing of and the impudent scoundrels calling themselves philosophers, whose only object is to live somewhere, and somehow or other, without work, on the fruit of the care and the toil of the industrious. I am, Sir,

Your most humble

and most obedient Servant,
WM. COBBETT.

P.S. When I go to Scotland, I intend to visit Edinburgh, Paisley, Glasgow, and Aberdeen, and to take Newcastle, Morpeth, and Carlisle, on my way; but I will certainly go to the ISLE OF WIGHT first; and they may expect me at the latter place in about a month; that is to say, as soon as my corn is safe from the cursed birds.

. SQUASH,

OR VEGETABLE MARROW.

THE season is now approaching to plant this seed; and I have four sorts of it. They are all of those early kinds which will ripen well in the open ground in this country. It is a very fine vegetable, and surpasses everything in quantity of produce. I had, last year, more than a Winchester bushel upon a single plant. The plants require room, and the soil should be as good as that which is required for cucumbers. The four sorts, or any one of them, may be had at my shop at Bolt-court. The seed is put up in packets; each packet is sold for SIXPENCE; and each contains seed enough for the largest garden for two or three years; and the seed will keep good for any length of time. I do not know which is the best sort: it is mere matter of fancy. They are all good.

Very fine and fresh, at 6s. a pound. these seeds, for rearing the plants, for making plantations of them, for preparing the land to receive them, for the after cultivations, for the pruning, and for the application of the timber; for all these see my "WOODLANDS;"

or TREATISE ON TIMBER TREES AND

UNDerwood. 8vo. 14s.

SWEDISH TURNIP SEED.

Any quantity under 10lbs., 10d. a pound; and any quantity above 10lbs. and under 50lbs., 91d. a pound; any quantity above 50lbs., 9d. a pound; above 100lbs., 8d. A parcel of seed may be sent to any part of the kingdom; I will find proper bags, will send it to any coach or van or wagon, and have it booked at my expense; but the money must be paid at my shop before the seed be sent away; in consideration of which I have made due allowance in the price. If the quantity be small, any friend can call and get it for a friend in the country; if the quantity be large, it may be sent by me. The plants were raised from seed given me by Mr. PEPPERCORN (of Southwell, Bedfordshire), in 1823. He gave it me as the finest sort that he had ever seen. I raised some plants (for use) in my garden every year; but, at Barn-Elm I raised a whole field of it, and had 320 bushels of seed upon 13 acres of land. I pledge my word, that there was not one single turnip in the whole field (which bore seed) not of the true kind. There was but one of a suspicious look, and that one I pulled up and threw away. So that I warrant this seed as being perfectly true, and as having proceeded from plants with small necks and greens, and with that reddish tinge round the collar which is the sure sign of the best sort.

MANGEL-WURZEL SEED.

Any quantity under 10lbs., 7d. a pound; any quantity above 10lbs. and

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thicken it, for which use it is beyond all measure better than wheaten-flour.

Now, to make BREAD, the followingare the instructions which I have received from Mr. SAPSFORD, baker, No. 20, the corner of Queen Anne-street, Wimpole-street, Marybone. As I have frequently observed, the corn-flour is not so adhesive, that is to say, clammy, as the wheat and rye flour are. It is, therefore, necessary; or, at least, it is best to use it, one-third corn-flour and two-thirds wheat or rye flour. The rye and the corn do not make bread so bright as the wheat and the corn, nor quite so light; but it is as good bread as I ever wish to eat, and I would always have it if I could. Now, for the instructions to make bread with wheatflour and corn-flour. Suppose you are going to make a batch, consisting of thirty pounds of flour; you will have of course twenty pounds of wheat-flour

Set your

under 50lbs., d. a pound; any quantity | dumplings, with suet or without, and above 50lbs., 6d. a pound; any quan- though they are apt to break, they are tity above 100lbs., 6d. a pound. The very good in this way; in broth, to selling at the same place as above; the payment in the same manner. This seed was also grown at Barn-Elm farm, the summer before the last. It is a seed which is just as good at ten years old as at one. The plants were raised in seed-beds in 1828; they were selected, and those of the deepest red planted out in a field of 13 acres, which was admired by all who saw it, as a most even, true, and beautiful field of the kind. The crop was very large; and out of it were again selected the plants from which my present stock of seed was growed; though, indeed, there was little room for selection, where all were so good and true. I got my seed from Mr. Pум, of Reigate, who raised it from plants proceeding from seed that I had given him, which seed I had raised at Worth, in Sussex; and, all the way through, the greatest care had been taken to raise seed from no plant of a dubious character.-This seed, therefore, and ten pounds of corn-flour. I warrant as the very best of the kind.-sponge with the wheat-flour only. As A score or two of persons, who sowed soon as you have done that, put ten of this seed last year, have given me an pints of water (warm in cold weather, account of the large crops they have and cold in hot weather) to the cornhad from it, and have all borne testimony flour; and mix the flour up with the to its being the truest seed they ever water; and there let it be for the presaw of the kind. I sell these seeds sent. When the wheat sponge has risen, much cheaper than true seed, of the and has fallen again, take the wettedsame sorts, can be got at any other up corn-flour, and work; it in with the place; but I have a right to do this, wheat sponge, and with the dry wheat-› and I choose to exercise my right. My flour that has been round the sponge. seeds are kept with great care in a Let the whole remain fermenting to proper place; and I not only warrant gether for about half an hour; and the sort, but also, that every seed grow, then make up the loaves and put them if properly put into the ground. into the oven. The remainder of the process every one knows. These instructions I have, as I said before, from We use the corn-flour in my family, Mr. Sapsford; and I recollect also, that FIRST as bread, two-thirds wheaten and this is the way in which the Americans one-third corn-flour; SECOND, in batter make their bread. The bread in Long puddings baked, a pound of flour, a Island is made nearly always with rye quart of water, two eggs, though these and corn-flour, that being a beautiful last are not necessary; THIRD, in plum-country for rye, and not so very good puddings, a pound of flour, a pint of for wheat. I should add here, that there water, half a pound of suet, the plums, is some little precaution necessary with and no eggs; FOURTH, in plain suet- regard to the grinding of the corn. The puddings, and the same way, omitting explanation given to me is this: that to the plums; FIFTH, in little round do it well, it ought to be ground twice,

USES OF COBBETT-CORN FLOUR.

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