val by all ranks of people. Four days previously to this, a ceremony scarcely less interesting had taken place at Berlin, when Count Wittgenstein, attended by Prince Henry of Prussia, entered that capital, sò lately occupied by a French garrison. The joy of the inhabitants of Berlin was enhanced by the gratifying

contrast.

Count Wittgenstein expressed his patriotic feelings in several admirable Proclamations to the inhabitants of Hanover, Brunswick, Hesse-Cassel, and the adjacent countries.-In like manner Baron Tettenborn addressed himself to the citizens of the Hanseatic States.

It was a subject of gratification that the spirit of nationality, which Buonaparte had thought he could for ever extinguish by a few pompous phrases in one of his Decrees, still lived and blazed out the more fiercely for its late suppression. "Ye were Germans," said Count Wittgenstein, "but ye have been forced to become Frenchmen." He who does not feel such a compulsory abjuration of his country as the bitterest of injuries and insults, does not deserve the name of man. Throughout Germany this cutting thought began to produce its proper and natural fruit; an emotion of vengeance, which was sanctioned by justice, which constituted an essential ingredient in human nature, and which must be reckoned upon as one of the most important features of the war. Even in Dresden, as before observed, the capital of an Ally still devoted to the cause of Buonaparte-in Dresden, menaced by the approach of the Russians, and occupied by a French Marshal, the Prince of Eckmuhl, the people had dared to shew their German spirit, by resolutely opposing the destruction of their beautiful bridge, 685 paces long, which was so ornamental and so useful to their city, and one of the handsomest in Germany. The larger part of this city, which is on the North of the Elbe, was occupied by the Russians, whilst Davoust withdrew to the new town on the South side of the river.

The Romans, having a better army than any other people, conquered the nations one after another, from the Tyber to the Euphrates. This awful truth was ever present to the minds of the Italian States, the first that were civilized in Modern Europe. Political writers impressed it on the minds of their Italian countrymen, and the Italian States and Princes made various combinations for restoring and preserving the varying balance of power. The neces sity of maintaining this balance was at last universally recognized

by Europe. From the 15th century to the partition of Poland by the Prussians, Russians, and Austrians, whenever any power preponderated greatly in the scale of nations, the neighbouring powers confederated in time against it. The folly as well as the iniquity of departing from that system, has been abundantly proved and felt under the iron Empire of Buonaparte: the nations within the reach of France, have been for more than twenty years in a state of slavery. If they were wearied of their chains and resolved to be free, the present appeared the day of salvation.

Italy had, for not less than twenty years, suffered under an invasion of African and other nations, conducted by the renowned Hannibal. The Romans long maintained posts in different parts of the country, and held a divided empire; but reinforcements arrived to the Carthaginians from time to time, and the Romans at last were cooped up in a corner. In this extremity Scipio Africanus proposed to the senate to send an army into Africa, that should call back the Carthaginians for the defence of their own country. His advice was taken-Italy was relieved-Carthage fell.-They only, who stood on the high ground of the best political information, were capable of determining whether or how far it might have been proper to act in the present contest on the principle of Scipio Africanus.

It is now necessary to return to the occurrences of the war on the left bank of the Elbe. According to the dispositions made by General Wittgenstein, the three flying corps, the first of which was under the command of General Von Dornberg, the second under Von Tschernicheff, and the third under Von Tettenborn, were to precede the army, and to pass the Elbe between Hamburgh and Magdeburgh.

Whilst preparations were making for the passage at Ferchland, Havelberg, Sandau, Werbern, Lenzen, &c. the French army concentrated itself in the vicinity of Magdeburgh, and strengthened itself by a part of the troops which were in the vicinity of Dresden and Leipsic. Its left wing consisted of three considerable corps, which were encamped near Luberitz and Stendal, in the neighbourhood of Gardelegen, and the whole army was under the command of Marshals Davoust and Victor.

General Von Dornberg arrived first at Havelberg, and afterwards on the 26th of March crossed the Elbe at the village of Guitjobel, opposite to Werbern, with his corps. On the 28th of March, the enemy, four or five thousand strong, approached from Arneburg, and by their superiority of force, obliged that corps to quit the

town of Werben, and re-cross the Elbe. The corps lost in this affair only one officer and eighteen dragoons, who had remained too long at Werben.

Meanwhile the corps of General Tschernicheff arrived at Havelberg from Genthin, and this General held a council of war with the other two Generals, Von Dornberg and Von Benckendorff, concerning the future operations; in consequence of which, General Von Tschernicheff first passed the Elbe with his corps at the Sandkruge, and took possession of Seehausen and Lichterfeld, to secure the passage of the corps of Von Dornberg.

Scarcely were the needful dispositions made, when Major Count Von Puschkin, who was posted with a regiment of Cossacks at Lichterfeld, was attacked by three battalions of French infantry and 200 cavalry, with two pieces of artillery. This officer success fully kept the enemy employed, until a regiment of cavalry of the division of the Colonel Baron Von Pahlen came to his support. Both these regiments now attacked the enemy, drove him back to Werben, and made two officers and sixty men prisoners. The vicinity of the enemy rendered it advisable that General Von Dornberg, on crossing the river a second time, should not pass at Sandkruge, but somewhat lower down, near Lentzen, which he accordingly did, on the 31st of March. Upon this the following disposition was made: General Dornberg's infantry marched to Dannenberg, the cavalry under General Von Benkendorff to Luckow, and the corps of General Von Tschernicheff towards Wustrow.-The latter had, to secure this motion, detached two regiments of Cossacks, under the command of Colonel Von Wlasoff, to Seehausen, with orders to follow the other corps by the way of Arensee and Salzwedel, to oppose the enemy posted between Stendal and Gardelegen. Scarcely was this position taken, when Generals Von Dornberg and Tschernicheff were informed that General Morand, with a corps of upwards of 3000 infantry, 11 cannon, and 300 cavalry, was pressing forward by the way of Tottsadt to Luneburg, to punish the inhabitants of that town, for having dared to take up arms, and with the assistance of 50 Cossacks of the corps of General Von Tettenborn, drove away a squadron of French cavalry, which wished to take possession of the town. The commanding Generals then resolved on hastening to Luneburg, to protect the brave inhabitants from the fate which threatened them. In consequence of the troops having made a forced march of 10 German (40 English) miles in 24 hours, the corps of Dornberg and Tschernicheff could