That army was covered in front by mounted and. dismounted German Chasseurs; a battalion of light infantry, and the Queen's American Rangers were in the front of the right; and the 40th regiment, with another battalion of light infantry, were posted at the head of the village. Lord Cornwallis lay at Philadelphia with four battalions of grenadiers; and three regiments were detached on the side of Chester..

The enemy were encamped at Skippach Creek, about six miles from German Town: they had received some reinforcements, and they were not ignorant that the Royal Army was weakened by the detachments it had made to Philadelphia and Chester.-These circumstances induced an enterprize little expected, and seemingly as little suited, to the general caution, and to the supposed genius and disposition of Washington. Instead of shunning, as usual, every thing that might lead to an action, the American army quitted its strong post at Skippach Creek at six in the evening, and marched all night to surprise and attack the Royal Army at German Town.

At three o'clock in the morning their approach was discovered by the patroles, and the army was immediately called to arms.They began their attack upon the 40th regiment, and battalion of light infantry, by which it was accompanied. These corps, after a vigorous resistance, being at length overpowered by numbers, were pressed and pursued into the village. In this exigence, a measure, upon which much of the future fortune of the day depended, was instantly and happily adopted, by Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave, who threw himself, with six companies of the 40th regiment, into a large and strong store-house, in the possession of Mr. Chews, which lay full in front of the enemy.

By this measure they were checked in their forward hope and design of gaining complete and immediate possession of that long town, which, among other great and obvious advantages, would have enabled them effectually to separate the right and left wings of the Royal Army. The Colonel, and his brave party, surrounded by a whole brigade, and though attacked on every side with great resolution, defended the house with the most undaunted courage; and notwithstanding the enemy at length brought cannon up to the assault, he still maintained his post with equal intrepidity, pouring a dreadful and unceasing fire through the windows. The enemy had sent an officer with a flag of truce to summon this party to surrender; but the British not seeing him advance, owing to the fog and surrounding smoke, he was shot, and the enemy had therefore

determined to put every man to the sword. On this account, the American General, instead of masking the house, by leaving a proper detachment for that purpose, and pushing forward with the rest of his troops, (which was the only measure from which any success could probably have resulted) halted his column and brought up artillery to batter and force this post, which appeared to him so formidable. Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave, and his companions in arms, though so few in number, continued to defend this house most gallantly. The enemy brought up their cavalry in support of the attack, and by means of their artillery and shells perforated the house like a cullender, and forced an iron bar which barricadoed the front door, and thereby obtained an entrance into the house; they were, nevertheless, repulsed by the bayonets of the gallant 40th, and Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave continued to maintain his post with unshaken perseverance till a detachment from the main army made its appearance and afforded him succour.

Major-General Grey brought the front of a great part of the left wing by a timely movement to the village, and immediately led on three battalions of the Sd brigade, who attacked the enemy with vigour, and were as bravely supported and seconded by BrigadierGeneral Agnew, at the head of the 4th brigade.—The engagement was now for some time very warm; but the enemy being attacked on the opposite side of the village by two regiments of the right wing, were thrown into total disorder, and driven out of the town with considerable slaughter.

In the meantime the light infantry and piquets of the right wing, supported by the 4th, and seconded by the 49th regiment, were warmly engaged with the enemy's left; but General Grey, after forcing their troops in the village, having passed it, and bringing the left wing forward, they immediately retired on all sides. The enemy was pursued for some miles; but the country being woody, strong, and inclosed, the pursuit was attended with so little effect, that they carried their cannon clear off-Lord Cornwallis arrived with a squadron of light horse from Philadelphia towards the close of the engagement, and joined in the pursuit; whilst three batta lions of grenadiers from the same place, who, though they had run with the utmost expedition, in the ardour of succouring their com panions in arms, were too late to come in for any share of the

action.

It appears that the morning was extremely foggy, (to which the Americans, who had considerable success in the beginning of the

action) attributed their not improving the advantages they at first gained in the manner which they otherwise would have done; for they were not only, through this circumstance, prevented from observing the true situation of the Royal Army, by which the latter had time to recover from the effect of the first impression they had made on them, but the different bodies of their own army were kept in ignorance of each other's movements and success, and were consequently incapable of acting in concert. Some of their parties, in the thickness of the fog, poured their fire upon each other, under a mistake on both sides of being engaged with the Royal Army.

The loss of the Royal Army in this action, including the wounded, and a few prisoners, amounted to 535; the killed to 70: in the latter number were unhappily some very brave and distinguished officers, particularly Brigadier-General Agnew and Lieutenant-Colonel Bird: the number of officers wounded, among whom was the gallant Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave, was considerable.— The American loss amounted to 300 killed, 600 wounded, and 400 prisoners; in the latter were included 54 officers. Among the killed was General Nash, and several other officers of all ranks.

The battle of German Town has been, and ever will be, considered a remarkable event in the military annals of this empire: by it Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave added to the laurels with which, by the general testimony of the nation, his brow had been most deservedly adorned on several occasions.

In 1782 Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave was Brigadier-General in America, and he continued to serve with high credit to himself and the army during the whole of the American war; and on his return to England he was honoured with the appointment of Aide-de-Camp to His Majesty, and made Lieutenant-Governor of Stirling-Castle. In 1781 this officer rose to the rank of Colonel, and on the 12th of October 1787 he was promoted from the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the 40th regiment to the Colonelcy of the 76th, a regiment that he raised on the estates of his family for service in India, and early in the year 1789 he accompanied it to that Peninsula, and for some time was Commander-in-Chief at Mysore: it was designated, by way of pre-eminence, the Regiment of Indostan, and, for services afterwards performed, was permitted to use the Elephant in addition to its arms, and the officers were complimented with a medal.-A considerable augmentation being made to the regiment, by fresh forces raised in India, Colonel Musgrave entertained the reasonable expectation of commanding an expedition intended to march against

Tippoo Saib, in which, however, he was disappointed by the Commander-in-Chief, Lord Cornwallis, who, either from a representation of some individual usually near his person, which he did not allow himself time to investigate, or from some unexpected motive, gave the command to another officer. This officer, though respected and beloved by the subject of this memoir, yet, emulous as they had both been in the pursuit of fame, and from the mutual friendship and good understanding that had subsisted till this unfortunate period of disagreement between Lord Cornwallis and himscif, General Musgrave, could not resist the feeling that an officer of fine and delicate sensibility might be supposed to entertain under such circumstances, and therefore resigned his command.

On his return from India many compliments were paid him by those in whom was vested the management of military affairs, and by different branches of the Royal family; and the LieutenantGovernorship of Chelsea was designed for him, but which he changed with General Dundas for Gravesend and Tilbury Fort, the latter not requiring constant residence.-In 1800 he succeeded to the baronetcy. On the 28th of April, 1790, he had attained the rank of Major-General in the army; on the 26th of January, 1797, that of Lieutenant-General; and on the 29th of April, 1802, that of Full General. He was actively employed for some years as Commander-in-Chief of the Northern District, and having passed an honourable life in the service of his country, and suffered for years from the wounds he had received therein, and from his frame having been debilitated by change of climate, and exposure to hardships, sunk under them in the 75th year of his age, on the 31st of December, 1812, when the wish he had frequently expressed was granted him, and he was eased of his pains. As his death was generally regretted, his memory will ever be dear to those who knew him, and as his idea had been "where the tree falls there it should lie," his remains, according to his own request, were interred in the burying ground of St. George's, Hanover-Square, in which parish he had for years

resided.

Sir Thomas Musgrave was succeeded in his title and Cumberland estate by James Musgrave,* Esq. of Barnsley Park, in the county of Gloucester, now the eighth baronet of his family.

James Musgrave, L. L. D. grandson of Sir Richard Musgrave the 2d Bart, and son of James Musgrave, Rector of Grausden, born the 15th of January 1709, was Rector of Chinner, in the county of Oxford. He married Jane, daughter and co

GENERALS ABATUCCI AND BEAUPUY.

BY GENERAL SARRAZIN.

GENERAL ABATUCCI was born in Corsica: the most assiduous attention was paid to his education, as he was intended for the artillery; placed at a proper age in the military school at Metz, he was there remarkable for his sedulousness, his mental faculties, and the regularity of his conduct. In 1790 he obtained a lieutenantcy in the second regiment of foot artillery; his skill and courage drew on him the attention of General Pichegru, who took him as his Aide-de-Camp in 1794 to the army of the north. After the conquest of Holland, Abatucci was nominated general of brigade: he accompanied General Pichegru to the army of the Rhine, and on that General's being recalled, he continued to serve in the same army under the orders of General Morean. Entrusted with the defence of the tête-de-pont at Huningen, Abatucci was, at the age of twenty-six, mortally wounded in the night between the 1st and 2d of December, 1796, whilst repelling an attack of the Austrians.

General Beaupuy was born in 1761, sprung from a noble family, and received a very good education. From his infancy he evinced a peculiar inclination to a military life: he knew how to obtain the esteem of his superior officers, and to secure the affections of his soldiers. At the siege of Mentz, in la Vendee, and with the army of the Rhine, he obtained some very brilliant successes, for which he was principally indebted to the devoted attachment of the grenadiers under his command. His behaviour at the battle of Cholet, where he had two horses killed under him, in a great measure contributed to the obtaining of the victory. Marceau and Kleber, who were personally engaged in the field, spoke in the highest manner of his coolness and intrepidity. Beaupuy was killed by a cannon ball on the 20th of October, 1796, to the great regret of the whole army, and more particularly of General Moreau, who held the military talents of this officer in very great esteem.

Beaupuy and Abatucci would no doubt have acted a principal part in the French army, if they had not, as it were, in the very flower of their age, been snatched away by a premature death. They had, over the greater part of the Generals of that time, the valuable advantage of having acquired a knowledge of history and geography, two sciences so useful in war. By an unequalled good fortune, each of them had the favourable opportunity of commencing his career under the guidance of two great men. Beaupuy was the pupil of Kleber; and it was Pichegru who directed the first steps

heiress of William Huggins, of Headley Park, in the county of Hants, and had issue two sons and two daughters. He died 1st July, 1778, and was buried at Northleigh, in the county of Oxford. His eldest son is the present baronet, born the 29th of October, 1751, and married to Clarissa Blackall, sole heiress of Thomas Blackall, Esq. of Ewelm, in Oxford, by whom he has issue, now living, five sons and one daughter.-The brother of Sir James, William, was born 26th October 1765, and died 4th November 1809.-The eldest sister, Catherine, born 23d April 1757, is unmarried; and Jane, born the 8th January 1761, is married to John Wightwick Knightley, Esq. of Offchurch, Bury, in the county of Warwick.