An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Volume 1At the Clarendon Press, 1869 - 596 ページ |
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Adam Smith afford agriculture ancient annual produce bank Bank of England bills bills of exchange butcher's-meat carried cattle cent century circulating capital coffers coin commerce common commonly considerable consumed consumption continually cultivation dealers demand division of labour effect employed employment England Europe exchange expense exportation farmer foreign France frequently gold and silver greater quantity improvement increase industry inhabitants interest land and labour landlord less London maintain maintenance manner manufactures merchant money price natural price naturally necessarily necessary obliged occasion ounce paid paper money particular payment perhaps pound weight precious metals present productive labour profits of stock promissory notes proportion proprietor purchase quantity of labour raise rate of profit regulated rent revenue rude produce Scotland seems seldom shillings society sometimes sort subsistence sufficient supply thousand pounds tion town trade United Kingdom value of silver wages of labour wealth wheat whole workmen
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1 ページ - The annual labour of every nation is the fund which originally supplies it with all the necessaries and conveniences of life which it annually consumes, and which consist always either in the immediate produce of that labour, or in what is purchased with that produce from other nations.
15 ページ - It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest.
7 ページ - But if they had all wrought separately and independently and without any of them having been educated to this peculiar business, they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day...
128 ページ - The property which every man has in his own labour, as it is the original foundation of all other property, so it is the most sacred and inviolable.
52 ページ - As soon as the land of any country has all become private property, the landlords, like all other men, love to reap where they never sowed, and demand a rent even for its natural produce.
70 ページ - We rarely hear, it has been said, of the combinations of masters; though frequently of those of workmen. But whoever imagines, upon this account, that masters rarely combine, is as ignorant of the world as of the subject. Masters are always and everywhere in a sort of tacit, but constant and uniform, combination, not to raise the wages of labour above their actual rate.
34 ページ - Equal quantities of labour, at all times and places, may be said to be of equal value to the labourer. In his ordinary state of health, strength and spirits; in the ordinary degree of his skill and dexterity, he must always lay down the same portion of his ease, his liberty, and his happiness.
346 ページ - ... the principle which prompts to expense is the passion for present enjoyment, which, though sometimes violent and very difficult to be restrained, is in general only momentary and occasional. But the principle which prompts to save is the desire of bettering our condition; a desire which, though generally calm and dispassionate, comes with us from the womb, and never leaves us till we go into the grave.
104 ページ - If in the same neighbourhood, there was any employment evidently either more or less advantageous than the rest, so many people would crowd into it in the one case, and so many would desert it in the other, that its advantages would soon return to the level of other employments.
324 ページ - ... to market all the grass and corn of the country, produces itself not a single pile of either. The judicious operations of banking, by providing, if I may be allowed so violent a metaphor, a sort of...