An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, 第 2 巻Clarendon Press, 1880 - 4 ページ |
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Act of Navigation Adam Smith advantage afford altogether America amount ancient ancient Greece annual produce annuities augmented balance of trade bounty Britain British bullion capital carried cent clergy coin commerce commodities consequence considerable consumer corn cultivation dealers debt defraying duties East Indies empire employed employment endeavoured England equal established Europe expense exportation farmer favour foreign trade France frequently fund gold and silver greater guilders home market hundred importation imposed improvement increase industry inhabitants interest joint-stock companies kind labour land land-tax landlord less levied maintain manner manufactures ment mercantile merchants monopoly nations naturally necessarily necessary obliged occasion ordinary paid Parliament particular payment perhaps person Portugal pound weight present profit prohibited proportion provinces provinces of France purchase quantity raise regulations render rent Scotland seignorage sell shillings society sort sovereign Spain supposed thousand pounds tion wealth whole
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248 ページ - Consumption is the sole end and purpose of all production ; and the interest of the producer ought to be attended to, only so far as it may be necessary for promoting that of the consumer.
277 ページ - ... the duty of protecting the society from the violence and invasion of other independent societies; secondly, the duty of protecting, as far as possible, every member of the society from the injustice or oppression of every other member of it...
200 ページ - To found a great empire for the sole purpose of raising up a people of customers may at first sight appear a project fit only for a nation of shopkeepers. It is, however, a project altogether unfit for a nation of shopkeepers; but extremely fit for a nation whose government is influenced by shopkeepers.
369 ページ - He naturally loses, therefore, the habit of such exertion, and generally becomes as stupid and ignorant as it is possible for a human creature to become. The torpor of his mind renders him, not only incapable of relishing or bearing a part in any rational conversation, but of conceiving any generous, noble, or tender sentiment, and consequently of forming any just judgment concerning many even of the ordinary duties of private life.
33 ページ - What is prudence in the conduct of every private family, can scarce be folly in that of a great kingdom. If a foreign country can supply us with a commodity cheaper than we ourselves can make it, better buy it of them with some part of the produce of our own industry, employed in a way in which we have some advantage.
212 ページ - The discovery of America, and that of a passage to the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope, are the two greatest and most important events recorded in the history of mankind.
33 ページ - The statesman who should attempt to direct private people in what manner they ought to employ their capitals would not only load himself with a most unnecessary attention, but assume an authority which could safely be trusted, not only to no single person, but to no council or senate whatever, and which would nowhere be so dangerous as in the hands of a man who had folly and presumption enough to fancy himself fit to exercise it.
48 ページ - To expect, indeed, that the freedom of trade should ever be entirely restored in Great Britain, is as absurd as to expect that an Oceana or Utopia should ever be established in it. Not only the prejudices of the public, but what is much more unconquerable, the private interests of many individuals, irresistibly oppose it.
277 ページ - ... the duty of erecting and maintaining certain public works and certain public institutions, which it can never be for the interest of any individual, or small number of individuals, to erect and maintain; because the profit could never repay the expense to any individual or small number of individuals, though it may frequently do much more than repay it to a great society.
419 ページ - The subjects of every state ought to contribute towards the support of the government, as nearly as possible, in proportion to their respective abilities ; that is, in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state. The expense of government to the individuals of a great nation, is like the expense of management to the joint tenants of a great estate, who are all obliged to contribute in proportion to their respective interests in the estate.