The Tyranny of Relativism: Culture and Politics in Contemporary English SocietyTransaction Publishers - 352 ページ The Tyranny of Relativism is an impassioned attempt by one of England's most distinguished critics to capture the feel of British culture at the end of the twentieth century: its moods, attitudes, and institutions. Richard Hoggart presents a double argument, suggesting first that cultural dilemmas stem from a long slide towards moral relativism, as consumerism rather than authority increasingly determines the texture of life; and secondly, that despite its claims to the contrary, British Conservative governments have exploited these changes to their own ends. Blunt and forthright, humorous and humane, Hoggart supports his themes by analyzing particular forms of change--in education at all levels, in the arts, mass and popular entertainment, in broadcasting, in the use of language, and in the uncertain base of "cultural studies" themselves. But he also shows how some social forces have worked against this monumental process: old-style checks and balances, the resistance of class sentiments, the uneasy sense of lost values. But in this series of cultural struggles, the intellectuals are noteworthy by their absence. The great merit of "The Tyranny of Relativism "is its resistance to platitudes, and its fearless probing of thorny questions that go to the heart of Western cultural traditions for a new age. When Hoggart concludes by asking "where do we go now" no one should expect complacency. In "The Tyranny of Relativism, "Hoggart makes the reader appreciate the silent complicity of the intellectual class for the cultural rot of relativism characteristic of western culture today. The book is must reading for those engaged in cultural studies, European politics, literary criticism, and the sociology of knowledge. |
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... social criticism in the United States ? Americans are the masters of that genre , of books excoriating the failings of their own educational system , the sleaziness of their broadcasting , their commercial exploitation of the arts ...
... social analysis is much less shallow than that . It is indeed a long and honorable tradition stretching from , to go no further back , Coleridge and Wordsworth , both of whom made penetrating and memorable judgments on the human costs ...
... social inventiveness , as when we started public librar- ies a century and a half ago , and allotments , and public service broad- casting and the Open University . Most important of all is the spirit of bloody - mindedness , also known ...
... social scale . Working - class people felt it most ; it follows that the movement into relativism affected them most ; they had more to shake off ; the change ' liberated ' them more than other groups . Which is why the American ...
... social work , council rents , the police ; and the magistrates the Bench who , except for an occasional Trade Union ... Social Security today cannot avoid a sense that there is a group of Them keeping on eye open for abuses ; plus the ...
目次
1 | |
3 | |
4 | |
6 | |
11 | |
ASPECTS OF THE DOMINANT MOOD | 19 |
Distortions of Education | 21 |
i The Climate | 22 |
GRIT ON THE FLYWHEEL | 191 |
Home Thoughts OldStyle Checks and Balances | 193 |
From Class to Status Resistance by Transference | 198 |
ii Status and LifeStyle | 202 |
iii Piggybacks Partial Profiles and Emotional Energy | 209 |
Patrons and Sponsors | 213 |
i Why Give at all in an Open Society? | 214 |
ii Class Education the Arts and Public Duty | 218 |
ii Schools | 26 |
the Cinderella | 37 |
the Universities | 40 |
v Adult Education Today | 49 |
The Arts Intellectual Artistic and Academic Relativism | 55 |
ii Reading | 65 |
iii Literary Essences | 75 |
Meaning and Modern Theory | 82 |
v Literary Influences | 88 |
Angles on Mass and Popular Culture | 96 |
i Characteristics of Mass Culture | 97 |
ii Elements of Popular Culture | 102 |
The Betrayal of Broadcasting | 114 |
ii Radio | 126 |
iii Television | 133 |
iv Broadcasting and the Arts | 138 |
v The 1990 Broadcasting Act and After | 144 |
vi Conclusion | 152 |
Misuses of Language | 157 |
i Linguistic Tics | 158 |
ii Dodging Reality and Judgment | 160 |
iii Language and Ideology | 163 |
iv Hospital Kindly Gentility | 166 |
v Embarrassed by the Words | 167 |
Ways of Looking Compass Bearings in a WideOpen Society? | 172 |
ii Where Did it All Begin? | 174 |
iii Theory? Naturally | 177 |
iv Elements of Cultural Reading | 179 |
v Some Rules of Thumb | 182 |
vi Instances of Surprise | 189 |
iii Grassroots Ethnic Arts and their Claims | 223 |
iv Confused Alarms of Struggle and Fight | 224 |
v Patronage and Sponsorship | 226 |
vi Who Should Get What and How? | 231 |
vii Spreading Your Arts Abroad | 237 |
Effects of Mass Media Kinds of Censorship a Bakers Dozen | 243 |
i Counterweights and Contradictions Again | 244 |
ii Effects Broadcasting and Elsewhere | 246 |
iii Kinds of Censorship | 249 |
iv Am I My Brothers Keeper | 266 |
Ancestral Voices Myths and Mottoes to Live By | 268 |
ii Sophisticated Memories | 273 |
iii Three Types of Aphorism | 275 |
iv Walking on the Water | 278 |
WHO NEEDS A CLERISY? | 281 |
Democratic Representations and Democratic Spirits | 283 |
i Confrontation Consensus and Cohesion | 285 |
ii Jude and His Kind | 296 |
Diverse Voices and Opinion Formers | 300 |
i A Mixed Bunch Mainly Official | 302 |
ii Reviewers and Some Critics | 305 |
iii No Committees Please Were English | 311 |
iv Jobs for Intellectuals? | 312 |
A SUMMINGUP AND A VERY QUALIFIED PROSPECTUS | 319 |
Where are We and Where Do We Go from Here? | 321 |
ii Old Strengths | 329 |
iii New Opportunities | 332 |
iv What to Do About It? or Lets Put Out the Lights and Go to Sleep? | 335 |
Index | 341 |