82. De gemino.

order that they may prove an acceptable offering. Cf. Mark, ix. 49, 50.

78. Evangelia.-Evangelii, C.
79. Divino.-Divina, B.

80. Quorumque.-Quorum quoque, M. 81. Legit.-Elegit, M. W. V. Vicarium. -In H. there is the following note on this word:—1. peċtaire, no toibgeois, no comapba, as issed adein Cipine in epistola de gradibus somanorum, coni he vicarius fer bis dar essi comitis for in cathraig cen co ti in comit

...

·ge [forte leg. comes cum rege]; uicarius dei ersom: “i. e. vicarius means a tax gatherer; or a governor; or a successor [of one in authority]; for it is so Cirine [St. Jerome] says in Epistola de gradibus Romanorum, that the vicarius is a man who is over the city in the absence of the comes, whilst the comes goes with the king. In like manner he [Patrick] is vicarius Dei."

I have not been able to discover the epistle de gradibus Romanorum here quo ted under the name of St. Jerome. It is evidently some spurious work of an age much later than Jerome's time. Du Cange in voce says,-"Vicarius sequioribus seculis [sc. post Caroli M. tempora]

dictus est, qui vice Comitis, aut alterius

judicis partes exequitur in pagis, vel minoribus oppidis; Gallis Viguier."

In B. we have a similar note :-.1. comarba quod his. dicit in epistola de gradibus pomanorum, conid he uicasius in fer bis dar aessi combitis for sin cathraig céin [co ti] comes a rege[?]. Ire in rex .1. deus. Ise comer, .1. xps. Ise uicapius, .1. Patricius. Bid uicus .1. fich uici. & ina condene uicapius: “i. e. a successor, quod Hieronymus dicit in epistola de gradibus Romanorum, that vicarius is the man who is instead of the comes over the city until the comes returns from the king [?]. Thus [in the figurative language of the hymn], the king is God; the oomes is Christ; the vicarius is Patrick. There is a word, vicus, i. e. fich uici, the land of the village, and from it vicarius may be derived." 82. Qui.Quem, C. V. Captivos.Captivum, C. V.

Du Cange

84. Zabuli.-Stabuli, W. in voce cites numerous authorities for the use of zabulus for diabolus, to which add the Alphabetical Hymn of St. Isidore of Seville (Opp. p. 239). Zabulus occurs in Lactantius, De mort. persecutorum, c. xvi.

85

The gloss in B. appears to derive diabolus from ou and Bovλn; or, perhaps, the meaning is, that diabolus is here to be understood of evil counsellors. Obsolvet. -Obsolvit, B. W. Absolvit, M. C. V.

86. Tractat.—The Gloss. H. explains this word by the Irish imluadid, “he puts in motion, announces, publishes;" and the Gloss B., using the same word, says," He publishes the Psalm, and Hymn, and Apocalypse, to build up the people of God." The words popuitrine are very obscure, but I take them to mean popuil trine, "the people of the Trinity," or "the people of God," as in the Latin. Tractare signifies "concionari, exponere, explicare disserendo” (Du Cange, Gloss. Tractare, 2); and Tractator "qui de rebus seriis docte et erudite tractat, scribit, loquitur, disputat." "Tractatores dicti præsertim librorum sacrorum interpretes, qui de rebus sacris tractant." (Du Cange, in v.)

87. Quam. Quem, V. C.

88. Tribusque.-Tribuque, B.

89. Et.—Ac. B.

90. Sine intermissione.-Over this word

we find the following note in H.,—“ Augustinus dicit, si quis in unaquaque hora certa tempora orandi observat sine intermissione orat. .. celebrad cech tratha [celebrates at all the [canonical] hours]. And in B.,-" Augustinus dicit, si in unaquaque die certa tempora celebrationis observaverit, sine intermissione orat." The passage of St. Augustine here referred to is probably the following,-De Hæres. n. 57 (ed. Bened. t. viii. col. 19), where, speaking of the Euchitæ or Massaliani, he says,— "Nam cum Dominus dixerit Oportet semper orare, et non deficere; et apostolus Sine intermissione orate, quod sanissime sic accipitur, ut nullo die intermittantur certa tempora orandi; &c." 91. Percepturus. Præcepturus, W. Premium.-Præmia, C.

66

92. Regnabit. Regnavit, B. In B. there is the following note over this word:".i. regnabit Patricius super Scotos in die judicii; ut dicitur Apostolis, sedebitis et vos super.xii. sedes, judicantes.xii. tribus Israel." This is an allusion to the privilege granted to S. Patrick of being himself the Judge of the Irish people, in

audite omnes

90

the Day of Judgment:-Thus the angel who appeared to him in the bush, and announced to him, "datæ sunt tibi petitiones quas petisti," adds "Quarta petitio est, ut Hibernienses omnes in die judicii a te judicentur, ut videlicet eos quibus Apostolus fuisti, judices; sicut dictum. est a Domino ad Apostolos; sedebitis super sedes duodecim, judicantes duodecim tribus Israel."-Vit. S. Patr. auctore Probo, lib. ii. c. 33. The author of the Hymn, however, knew nothing of this legend; he says merely that Patrick, " the reward of his great labour, shall reign with the Apostles a saint over Israel." Sanctus.-Sanctis, W. V. Israel. — Israhel, M.

"as

92. Super

Audite omnes.-Audite et rl., B. These are the words with which the Hymn begins, and are added here according to the usual practice in all collections of Irish poems, to mark the end of the Hymn, and to show that the verses that follow are no part of it.

In memoria eterna.-The three foregoing verses or antiphons, although written by the original scribe of the Liber Hymnorum, and at the same time as the rest of the Hymn, are not in the round capital letters of the text, but in an angular character, which occurs repeatedly throughout the volume, and which we have endeavoured to represent by a dif

ference of type. The first of these antiphons is from Ps. cxi. 7; and the last is taken from the story told by the biographers of St. Patrick, of his having heard, when in Britain (or, according to others, at Rome), the voice of Irish children, crying "Veni sancte puer Patricii, et inter nos ambula." See Vit. Tripart., part i. c. 30; Jocel. c. 20; and Fiech's Hymn, where the scholiast, as printed by Colgan (Tr. Th. p. 5), has this note :"Ipse Celestinus, quando ordinabatur Patricius, audiebat vocem infantium eum advocantium. Infantes autem de quibus hic sermo est, vocabantur Crebrea et Lessa [called Lassara, Vit. Trip. ii. 86] duæ filiæ Gleranni filii [Cumi]nenii; et hodie coluntur ut sanctæ, et ab ipso Patricio erant baptizatæ : et in Ecclesia de Forcland juxta Muadium fluvium ad occidentem, requiescunt. Quæ autem tunc in ventre matris existentes dicebant erant hæc, Hibernienses omnes clamant ad te. Et hæc sæpius ab eis decantata audiebantur per Hiberniam totam, vel usque ad ipsos

Romanos."

These antiphons are doubtless a portion of some ancient office of St. Patrick; but they vary considerably in the MSS.

and editions of this Hymn. In the Antiph. Benchorense, they are given thus: "Patricius episcopus, oret pro nobis omnibus, Ut deleantur protinus, peccata que commisimua. Patricii laudes semper dicamus, Ut nos cum illo semper vivamus."

In the Leabhar Breac the first two only are given, as in the text, that beginning Hibernenses omnes being omitted; and the word "Op." i. e. Oratio, or Oremus, being

inserted before In memoria eterna.

In Colgan's edition they are given thus :

"Patricii laudes semper dicam [read dicamus] Ut nos cum illo defendat Deus. Hibernenses omnes clamant ad te pueri, Veni Sancte Patrici, salvos nos facere. Patricius sanctus episcopus oret pro nobis omnibus, Ut deleantur protinus peccata que commisimus." Ware's copy does not appear to have had them at all, or at least he does not give them.

In H. there is the following gloss :— Justus.-.i. Patricius, vel unusquisque. Ab auditione mala.-.i. Ite maledicti in ignem eternum.

Ut nos cum illo.-.i. Hibernenses.