4. All were injured in the railroad wreck but us two.

5. I saw everybody but her.

290. Caution. -Do not use at with where, or to with different. These sentences are correct:

1. Where was he?

2. I hardly know where I am.

3. The book is different from what I expected.
4. He is different in every way from his brother.

EXERCISES
I

Name ten prepositions that may be used as adverbs.

II

Why is who used instead of whom in "The question of ownership depends on who paid the money"?

III

Why is it incorrect to say "John is taller than me"? (§ 164).

291. How to Parse Prepositions.

To parse a preposition, name the words or groups of words between which the preposition shows a relation.

EXERCISE

Parse the prepositions in the following selection:

The greatness of Stonewall Jackson was an unconscious greatness. It was the supreme devotion to what he thought was duty. Hence he studied no dramatic effects. When among the mountains, pyramids older than those to which

the first Napoleon pointed, he did not remind his men that the centuries were looking down upon them. When on the plains he drilled no eagles to perch upon his banners, as the third Napoleon is said to have done.

The letter written to his pastor at Lexington the day after the first battle of Manassas gives the keynote to his character. Preceding any accurate account of that event, a crowd had gathered around the post office, awaiting with intensest interest the opening of the mail. The first letter was handed to the Rev. Dr. White. It was from General Jackson. "Now we shall know all," said his reverend friend. But he opened the letter to read:

My Dear Pastor:

In my tent last night, after a fatiguing day's service, I remembered that I had failed to send you my contribution to our colored Sunday school. Inclosed you will find my check for that object.

Yours faithfully,

Thomas J. Jackson.

Not a word about a conflict which electrified a nation! Not an allusion to the splendid part he had taken in it! Not a reference to himself beyond the fact that it had been a fatiguing day's service! And yet that was a day ever memorable in his history-memorable in all history-when he received the name destined to supplant the name his parents gave him,Stonewall Jackson * * * * * * * * * * * *

In the state where all that is mortal of this great hero sleeps there is a natural bridge of rock whose massive arch, fashioned with grace by the hand of God, springs lightly toward the sky, spanning a chasm into whose awful depths the beholder looks down bewildered and awe-struck. But its gran

deur is not diminished because tender vines clamber over its gigantic piers or because sweet flowers nestle in its crevices. Nor is the granite strength of Jackson's character weakened because in every throb of his heart there was a pulsation ineffably and exquisitely tender. The hum of bees, the fragrance of clover fields, the tender streaks of dawn, the dewy brightness of early spring, the mellow glories of matured autumn, all in turn charmed and tranquilized him. The eye that flashed amid the smoke of battle grew soft in contemplating the beauty of a flower. The ear that thrilled with the thunder of the cannonade drank in with innocent delight the song of birds and the prattle of children's voices. The voice whose sharp and ringing tones had so often been heard uttering the command, "Give them the bayonet!" culled even from foreign tongues terms of endearment. And the man who filled two hemispheres with his fame was never so happy as when telling the colored children of his Sunday school the story of the Cross.

MOSES D. HOGE: The Unconscious Greatness of Stonewall Jackson

CONJUNCTIONS AND INTERJECTIONS

292. Kinds of Conjunctions.

Compare the conjunctions in the following sen

tences:

1. Robert and Josephine were called, but they did not come. 2. They would have been rewarded, if they had come.

In the first sentence and connects two equal or coordinate words; but connects two equal or coördinate clauses. And and but are coördinate conjunctions.

In the second sentence, if introduces a dependent clause and joins it to an independent clause. If is a subordinate conjunction.

293. A Coördinate Conjunction is one that joins words, phrases, or clauses of equal rank.

294. A Subordinate Conjunction is one that joins a dependent clause to an independent clause.

295. Coordinate Conjunctions.

It was found in § 49, Note, and § 80, Note, that the conjunctions most used in compound subjects, compound predicates, and compound sentences were and, both...and, but, or, either...or, nor, neither...nor. To these may be added as well as and not only...but also. These are all coördinate conjunctions, and may,

therefore, connect (a) words, (b) phrases, or (c) clauses:

car.

(a) 1. He was both expelled and degraded.

2. She as well as Henry was angry.

(b) 3. The stone went through the window and into the

4. He was a man not only of fine scholarship but of equally fine character.

(c) 5. Either I have been here before, or my memory is playing me false.

6. Not only did he protest his innocence, but his parents had numerous interviews with the judge.

NOTE. Remember that "John as well as James," "Either John or James," and "Neither John nor James" all require singular predicates. See § 208, (a) and (b).

296. Subordinate Conjunctions.

With the exception of relative pronouns (§ 162) all words that join dependent clauses to independent clauses are subordinate conjunctions. For the ten most important classes of subordinate conjunctions, see § 84. Noun clauses are usually introduced by the surbordinate conjunction that. (§ 85, Notes 1 and 2). 297. Interjections.

An interjection is merely an exclamatory word or phrase used to denote strong feeling or to arrest attention. Many interjections are purely imitative. Thus ah represents the sound of sighing, ha, ha the sound of laughing, and sh (from which hush is derived) the