The falling from a discord to a concord hath an agreement with the affections, which are reintegrated

to the better after some dislikes.

Id. Natural History. REJOICE', v. n.& v. a. Į Fr. rejouir, To REJOICER, n. s. Sbe glad; exult; receive pleasure from something past; exhilarate; make glad the noun substantive corresponding. Let them be brought to confusion that rejoice at mine hurt. Psalm xxxv. 26.

I will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow. Jeremiah xxxi. 13. This is the rejoicing city that dwelt carelessly, that said, there is none beside me. Zephaniah ii. 15. Whatsoever faith entertains, produces love to God; but he that believes God to be cruel, or a rejoicer in the unavoidable damnation of the greatest part of mankind, thinks evil thoughts concerning Taylor's Rule of Holy Living. They rejoice each with their kind. We should particularly express our rejoicing by love and charity to our neighbours.

God.

Milton.

Nelson.

Alone to thy renown, 'tis given, Unbounded through all worlds to go; While she great saint rejoices heaven, And thou sustains't the orb below. I should give Cain the honour of the invention; were he alive, it would rejoice his soul to see what

mischief it had made.

Prior.

Arbuthnot.

REJOIN', v. a. & v. n. Fr. rejoindre. To REJOIN'DER, n. s. join or meet again; to reply to an answer: rejoinder is the reply made. Injury or chance rudely beguiles our lips Of all rejoindure. Shakspeare. Troilus and Cressida. The quality of the person makes me judge myself obliged to a rejoinder. Glanville to Albius.

The grand signior conveyeth his galleys down to Grand Cairo, where they are taken in pieces, carried upon camels' backs, and rejoined together at Suez.

Browne's Vulgar Errours.

It will be replied that he receives advantage by this lopping of his superfluous branches; but I rejoin, that a translator has no such right. Dryden.

Thoughts, which at Hyde-park-corner I forgot, Meet and rejoin me in the pensive grot. Pope. REJOINDER, in law, is the defendant's answer to the plaintiff's replication or reply. Thus, in the court of chancery, the defendant puts in an answer to the plaintiff's bill, which is sometimes also called an exception; the plaintiff's answer to that is called a replication, and the defendant's auswer to that a rejoinder.

REJOLT', n. s. Fr. rejaillir. Shock; suc

cussion.

The sinner, at his highest pitch of enjoyment, is not pleased with it so much, but he is afflicted more; and, as long as these inward rejolts and recoilings of

REISKE (John James), M. D., a celebrated oriental scholar and critic, born in 1706, at a town in the duchy of Anhalt. After the usual school education he went, in 1733, to Leipsic, where he studied five years, acquired the Arabic language, and translated and published a book i in it. He next travelled on foot to Leyden, where he was employed in arranging the Arabian MSS. though but poorly compensated for it. He next translated from the German and French whom he had visited in his journey, and who ininto Latin various Essays sent him by Dorville,

serted these in the Miscellanea Critica. At Dorville's desire he also translated the whole of the Chariton from the Greek, and Abulfeda's Geography from the Latin. He continued eight years in Leyden, and received his degree in it, but left it on account of calumnies excited against him by Peter Burman, whose translation of Pe He then tratronius Arbiter he had criticised. velled through Germany, and settled at Leipsic, where he was made professor of Arabic, and con tinued for twelve years, writing for the booksellers. The Acta Eruditorum were greatly indebted to him. On the death of Haltansius, in 1756, he was made rector of the Academy at Leipsic, which placed him above want. Previ ously to this he had published his Animadver siones in Auctores Græcos, in five vols, a work of deep erudition. In 1764 he married Ernestina Christina Muller, a woman of extraordinary abilities, whose learning, particularly in Greek, was hardly inferior to his own. She assisted him in all his literary labors, especially in his immortal work of the Edition of the Greek Orators in 12 vols, 8vo. Thus Reiske spent the remainder of his life; and died in 1774, univer sally respected. The number of his publications is very great. The principal are those abovementioned and the following: Dionysius Halicarnassensis, seven vols; Plutarch, nine vols.; Theocritus, &c.

REITERATE, v. a. ¿ Fr. reiterer; Lat. re REITERATION, n. s. § and itero. To repeat again and agam: repetition.

You never spoke what did become you less Than this, which to reiterate were sin. Shakspeare. With reiterated crimes he might Heap on himself damnation.

Milton.

sic, became a private tutor, and then a corrector of the press in the printing-office of Breitkopf. He held the professorships of philosophy, Latin and Greek, and poetry, and was director of the library belonging to the university of Leipsic. He died February 2, 1790. Reiz is principally known as the editor of Herodotus; but he published editions of other classics, and two Dissertations on Prosody.

REKIN'DLE, v. a. Re and kindle. To set on fire again.

These disappearing, fixed stars, were actually extinguished, and would for ever continue so, if not rekindled, and new recruited with heat and light. Cheyne's Philosophical Principles.

Rekindled at the royal charms, Tumultuous love each beating bosom warms. Pope. RELAND (Adrian), an eminent Orientalist, born at Ryp, in North Holland, in 1676; and educated three years under Surenhusius, from whom he acquired the Hebrew, Syriac, Chaldee, and Arabic languages. In 1701 he was, by the recommendation of king William, appointed professor of Oriental languages and ecclesiastical antiquities in the university of Utrecht; and died of the small-pox in 1718. He was distinguished by his modesty, humanity, and learning; and carried on a correspondence with the most eminent scholars of his time. His works are written in Latin; viz. An excellent description of Palestine. Five dissertations on the Medals of the ancient Hebrews, and several other dissertations on different subjects. An Introduction to the Hebrew Grammar. The Antiquities of the Ancient Hebrews. On the Mahometan Religion. RELAPSE', v. n. & n. s. Lat. relapsus. To slip back; slide or fall back; particularly from good to ill relapse is regression; falling back into evil; return.

It was even as two physicians should take one sick body in hand; of which, the former would purge and keep under the body, the other pamper and strengthen it suddenly; whereof what is to be looked for, but a most dangerous relapse. Spenser.

Mark a bounding valour in our English; That being dead like to the bullet's grazing, Breaks out into a second course of mischief, Killing in relapse of mortality.

Shakspeare. Henry V. The oftener he hath relapsed, the more significations he ought to give of the truth of his repentance.

Taylor.

Milton.

This would but lead me to a worse relapse And heavier fall. We see in too frequent instances the relapses of those, who under the present smart, or the near apprehension of the divine displeasure, have resolved on a religious reformation. Rogers.

He was not well cured, and would have relapsed.
Wiseman.

RELATE, v. a. & v.n.\
RELATER, n. s.
RELATION, n. s.

Lat. relatus. To tell; recite; utter; give vent by words RELATIVE, adj. & n. s. ((a sense only used by RELATIVELY, adv. Bacon); ally by kinRELATIVENESS, n. s. dred or marriage: as a verb neuter, have reference or respect: a relater is, a narrator; historian: relation, narration; tale; connexion; manner of connexion, or of belonging to a person or thing; respect; reference; alliance; kindred; person related by birth or

Confining our care either to ourselves and relatives. Fell.

The drama presents to view, what the poem only does relate. Dryden.

I have been importuned to make some observations on this art, in relation to its agreement with poetry.

Id.

Be kindred and relation laid aside, And honour's cause by laws of honour tried. Id. All negative or privative words relate to positive ideas, and signify their absence. Locke.

Relation consists in the consideration and comparing of one idea with another. Id.

Not only simple ideas and substances, but modes are positive beings; though the parts of which they consist are very often relative one to another. Id.

When the mind so considers one thing that it sets it by another, and carries its own view from one to the other, this is relation and respect; and the denominations given to positive things, intimating that respect, are relatives.

Id.

As other courts demanded the execution of persons dead in law; this gave the last orders relating to those dead in reason. Tatler.

Are we not to pity and supply the poor, though they have no relation to us? No relation! that cannot be: the gospel stiles them all our brethren; nay, they have a nearer relation to us, our fellow

members; and both these from their relation to our Saviour himself, who calls them his brethren.

As God has not so devoted our bodies to toil, but that he allows us some recreation; so doubtless he indulges the same relaxation to our minds. Government of the Tongue.

In an historical relation, we use terms that are most proper. Burnet's Theory of the Earth. The ecclesiastical, as well as the civil governour, has cause to pursue the same methods of confirming himself; the grounds of government being founded upon the same bottom of nature in both, though the circumstances and relative considerations of the persons may differ.

South.

So far as service imports duty and subjection, all created beings bear the necessary relation of servants to God. Id. The author of a just fable must please more than the writer of an historical relation. Dennis. Wholesome and unwholesome are relative, not real qualities. Arbuthnot on Aliments.

Avails thee not,

Of the eternal relations and fitnesses of things we know nothing; all that we know of truth and falsehood is, that our constitution determines us in some cases to believe, in others to disbelieve. Beattie.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS, in grammar, are those which answer to some other word foregoing, called the antecedent; such are the Latin pronouns qui, quæ, quod, &c.: in English, who, which, what, &c. The word answering to these relatives is often understood, as, I know whom you mean, for I know the person whom you

mean.

RELAX', v. a. & v. n. Į Lat. relaxo. Το RELAXATION, 2. s. S slacken; to make less tense; remit; ease; to be mild; remiss : the noun-substantive corresponding.

They childishly granted, by common consent of their whole senate, under their own seal, a relaxation to one Bertelier, whom the eldership had excommunicated. Hooker.

The sinews, when the southern wind bloweth, are more relaxed. Bacon's Natural History.

Cold sweats are many times mortal; for that they come by a relaxation or forsaking of the spirits. Bacon.

Adam, amazed,
Astonished stood, and black, while horrour chill
Ran through lus veins, and all his joints relax'd.

It served not to relax their serried files.

Milton.

Id.

The sea is not higher than the land, as some ima. gined the sea stood upon heap higher than the shore ; and at the deluge, a relaxation being made, it overflowed the land. Burnet.

In the book of games and diversions, the reader's mind he supposed to be relaxed. may

Addison's Spectator.

If in some regards she chose To curb poor P'aulo in too close;

Prior.

In others she relaxed again, And governed with a looser rein. Many who live healthy in a dry air, fall into all the diseases that depend upon relaxation in a moist

one.

Arbuthnot. The statute of mortmain was at several times relared by the legislature. Swift.

The relaxation of the statute of mortmain is one of the reasons which gives the bishop terrible apprehensions of popery coming on us.

Nor praise relur, nor difficulty fright.

Id.

Vanity of Wishes. RELAY', n. s. Fr. relais. Horses on the road to relieve others.

RELEASE', v. a. Fr. reluscher, relaxer, of Lat. relaro. To set free from confinement, servitude, pain, or penalty; free from obligation; quit; let go; relax: the noun-substantive corresponding.

Every creditor that lendeth aught unto his neighbour shall release it. Deuteronomy. The king made a great feast, and made a release to the provinces, and gave gifts. Esther ii. 18. Pilate said, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Matthew.

It may not seem hard, if in cases of necessity, certain profitable ordinances sometimes be released, rather than all men always strictly bound to the general rigour thereof.

Hooker.

The king would not have one penny abated, of what had been granted by parliament; because it might encourage other countries to pray the like release or mitigation.

Bacon.

Too secure, because from death released some days. Milton.

O fatal search in which the lab'ring mind, Still pressed with weight of woe, still hopes to find A shadow of delight, a dream of peace, From years of pain, one moment of release. Prior. If solitude succeed to grief, Release from pain is slight relief; The vacant bosom's wilderness

Might thank the pang that made it less. Byron.

RELEASE, in law, is a discharge or conveyance of a man's right in lands or tenements, to another that hath some former estate in possession. The words generally used therein are, 'remised, released, and for ever quit-claimed.' And these releases may enure, either, 1. By way of enlarging an estate, as, if there be tenant for life or years, remainder to another in fee, and he in remainder releases all his right to the particular tenant and his heirs, this gives him the estate in fee. But in this case the relessee must be in possession of some estate for the release to work upon; for, if there be a lessee for years, and, before he enters and is in possession, the lessor releases

to him all his right in the reversion, such release is void for want of possession in the relessee. 2. By way of passing an estate, as, when one of two coparceners releaseth all his right to the other, this passeth the fee-simple of the whole. In both these cases there must be a privity of estate between the relessor and relessee; that is, one of their estates must be so related to the other as to make but one and the same estate in law. 3. By way of passing a right, as if a man be disseised, and releaseth to his disseisor all his right; hereby the disseisor acquires a new right, which changes the quality of his estate, and renders that lawful which before was tortious. 4. By way of extinguishment: as if my tenant for life makes a lease to A for life, remainders to B and his heirs, and I release to A; this extinguishes my right to the reversion, and shall enure to the advantage of B's remainder as well as of A's particular estate. 5. By way of entry and feoffment: as if there be two joint disseisors, and the disseisee releases to one of them, he shall be sole seised, and shall keep out his former companion; which is the same in effect as if the disseisee had entered, and thereby put an end to the disseisin, and afterwards had enfeoffed one of the disseisors in fee. When a man has in himself the possession of lands, he must at the common law convey the freehold by feoffment and livery, which makes a notoriety in the country: but if a man has only a right or a future interest he may convey that right or interest by a mere release to him that is in possession of the land: for the occupancy of the relessee is a matter of sufficient notoriety already. RELEGATION, n. s. Fr. relegation; Lat. relegatio. Exile; judicial banishment. According to the civil law, the extraordinary punishment of adultery was deportation or relegation. Ayliffe.

Το

RELENT, v. n. & v. a. Į Fr. ralentir. RELENTLESS, adj. soften; grow less rigid or hard; melt; as a verb neuter, to slacken; remit; mollify, but rarely used: the adjective corresponds with the verb active.

I have marked in you a relenting truly, and a slacking of the main career, you had so notably begun, and almost performed. Sidney.

Apace he shot, and yet he fled apace,
And oftentimes he would relent his pace,
That him his foe more fiercely should pursue.

Can you behold

My tears, and not once relent?

Spenser.

Shakspeare. Henry VI. In some houses, sweetmeats will relent more than Bacon. 15 others. Crows seem to call upon rain, which is but the comfort they seem to receive in the relenting of the

air.

Id.

RELHAM (Richard), F. R.S. and L. S, a respectable divine and naturalist, was educated at Cambridge, and became a fellow of King's College. In 1791 he obtained the rectory of Hunningsby, in Lincolnshire. His works are, Flora Cantabrigensis, in which he describes his discovery of a new species of lichen and of the athamanta libanotis; and Tacitus de Moribus Germanorum et de Vitâ Agricolæ, 8vo. RELIANCE, n. s. From RELY, which see. REL'IC, or Fr. relique; Lat. reliquiæ. REL'ICK, n. s. Strictly that which remains; RELICLY, adv. that which is left after the loss or decay of the rest: often applied to the body after death, and to any thing kept as a religious memento.

RELICS, in the Romish church, the remains of the bodies or clothes of saints or martyrs, and the instruments by which they were put to death, devoutly preserved, in honor of their memory: revered, and carried in procession. The respect which was due to the martyrs and teachers of the Christian faith in a few ages increased almost to adoration. Relics, therefore, were, and still are preserved on the altars of the Romanists whereon mass is celebrated. The city of Cologne was famous for its relics. Many precious relics were also discovered and exposed to ridi

cule in England, upon abolition of the monasteries; such as the parings of St. Edmund's toes, the girdle of the Virgin Mary, &c. The honoring the relics of saints, on which the church of Rome afterwards founded the superstitious and lucrative use of them, as objects of devovotion, as a kind of charms or amulets, principally appears to have originated in the very ancient custom of assembling at the cemeteries or burying-places of the Christain martyrs, for the purpose of commemorating them, and of performing divine worship. The practice of depositing relics of saints and martyrs under the altars in churches, was at last thought of such importance, that St. Ambrose would not consecrate a church because it had no relics; and the council of Constantinople in Trullo ordained, that those altars should be demolished under which there were found no relics. The rage for procuring relics for this and similar purposes became so excessive that, in A. D. 300, Theodosius the Great was obliged to pass a law, forbidding the people to dig up the bodies of the martyrs, and to traffic in their relics. Such was the origin of that respect for sacred relics which was afterwards perverted, and became the occasion of innumerable processions, pilgrimages, &c. In the end of the ninth century, it was not sufficient to reverence departed saints, and to confide in their intercessions and succours, to believe them endued with a power of healing diseases, working miracles, and delivering from all sorts of calamities and dangers; their bones, their clothes, the apparel and furniture they had possessed during their lives, the very ground which they had touched, or in which their carcasses were laid, were treated with veneration, and supposed to retain the virtue of healing disorders both of body and mind, and of defending such as possessed them against the assaults and devices of the devil. In consequence of this, a new and lucrative trade was opened both in Europe and in the east. Public credulity was imposed upon, and relics of saints were multiplied without number; while the Greeks found a rich prey in the superstition of the Latin relic-hunters. The Roman Catholics in Great Britain do not acknowledge any worship to be due to relics, but merely a high veneration and respect, by which means they profess to honor God, who, they say, has often wrought very extraordinary miracles by them. Relics are forbidden to be used or brought into England by several statutes; and justices of peace are empowered to search houses for popish relics, which, when found, are to be defaced and burnt, &c.

RELICT, n. s. Old Fr. relicte; Lat. relicta. A widow; a wife desolate by the death of her husband.

If the fathers and husbands were of the household of faith, then certainly their relicts and children can not be strangers in this household.

Chaste relict!

Sprat's Sermons.

which the tenant holding by knight's service, grand serjeantry, or other tenure (for which homage or legal service is due), and being at full age at the death of his ancestor, paid unto his entrance.

RELIEF, CHURCH OF, or RELIEF, PRESBYTERY OF, a set of Presbyterians, in Scotland, who differ from the established church only as to the submission to the law of patronage. See ADvoWSON, PATRONAGE, and PRESENTATION. Many violent settlements, as they are called, of unpopular clergymen in various parishes in Scotland, had repeatedly taken place, in consequence of the rigorous exercise of the law of patronage, which was always a very unpopular measure among strict Presbyterians; and some of these presentees had been so exceedingly unpopular that they were obliged to be settled in their churches and benefices by the force of military power. Grievances of this kind had repeatedly taken place, and been often complained of, before any attempt was made for relief from them, till 1752; when the Rev. Mr. Thomas Gillespie, minister of Garnock, in Fifeshire, was deposed by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotlind, and for no other fault, but merely, from a scruple of conscience, refusing to have any hand in a violent settlement of this kind, where the presentee was to be settled in opposition to the inclination of the parishioners. This disobedience to the supreme ecclesiastical court was punished with a formal and solemn deposition. Mr. Gillespie was soon after joined in communion by Mr. Thomas Boston of Jedburgh, and several other clergymen of the Church of Scotland, particularly the Rev. James Baine, minister of Paisley, who was settled in a relief church of Edinburgh; all of whom differed from the established church in nothing but the rigorous exercise of the law of patronage, which the church holds to be lawful and expedient, and their opponents to be highly criminal. On this principle these dissenting clergymen constituted themselves into a society, with Presbyterian powers, under the name of the Presbytery of Relief; and being soon followed by great numbers of people, who considered patronage as a piece of unjustifiable ecclesiastical, or rather civil tyranny, imposed on the church of Scotland by a tory party in the reign of queen Anne, merely to be avenged of the Presbyterian Whigs for their zeal against the house of Stuart; they, in a few years, erected churches of Relief (meaning thereby relief from the oppression of patronage) in a great number of parishes throughout Scotland. For farther particulars respecting this sect, we refer the reader to a treatise entitled Histoncal Sketches of the Church, published in 1774, by the Rev. James Smith, who succeeded Mr. Gillespie in the Relief Church at Dunfermline, but who afterwards returned to the established church, and died minister of a chapel in connexion with the establishment in Dundee. RELIEVE', v. a. RELIEVABLE, adj. RELIEF', n. s. RELIEVER, n. s. RELIEVO.

Fr. relief, reliever; Span. relievar; Ital. relievo; Lat. relevo. To raise up; revive; support; succor; ease; free from pain, or painful duty; hence change a military guard; to