India: Development and ParticipationOxford University Press, 2002 - 512 ページ This book explores the role of public action in eliminating deprivation and expanding human freedoms in India. The analysis is based on a broad and integrated view of development, which focuses on well-being and freedom rather than the standard indicators of economic growth. The authors place human agency at the centerstage, and stress the complementary roles of different institutions (economic, social, and political) in enhancing effective freedoms. |
目次
Introduction and Approach | 1 |
12 INEQUALITY AND PARTICIPATION | 8 |
13 COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES | 11 |
14 WOMENS AGENCY AND SOCIAL CHANGE | 17 |
15 INSTITUTIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES | 20 |
16 DEMOCRACY ENVIRONMENT AND MILITARISM | 23 |
17 VOICE ASSERTION AND SOLIDARITY | 28 |
18 A CONCLUDING REMARK | 32 |
510 EDUCATION AND POLITICAL ACTION | 186 |
Population Health and the Environment | 189 |
62 MALTHUSIAN FEARS AND THE REAL ISSUES | 196 |
63 GENDER EQUITY AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION | 198 |
64 HEALTH CARE AS A SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY | 201 |
65 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND BEYOND | 208 |
66 ACHIEVEMENTS OF TAMIL NADU | 213 |
67 ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT | 218 |
Economic Development and Social Opportunity | 34 |
22 ON EDUCATION AND HEALTH | 38 |
23 THE SOCIAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH AND EDUCATION | 41 |
24 THE GOVERNMENT THE STATE AND THE MARKET | 44 |
25 INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN MARKETS AND GOVERNANCE | 46 |
26 MARKETEXCLUDING AND MARKETCOMPLEMENTARY INTERVENTIONS | 49 |
27 MARKET MANIA AND MARKET PHOBIA | 53 |
28 COOPERATIVE ACTION AND SOCIAL CONTEXT | 56 |
29 A POSITIVE FOCUS | 61 |
India in Comparative Perspective | 64 |
32 LESSONS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES | 70 |
33 EAST ASIA AND GROWTHMEDIATED PROGRESS | 73 |
34 HUMAN CAPITAL AND MORE BASIC VALUES | 81 |
35 INDIAS INTERNAL DIVERSITIES | 83 |
36 SELECTED REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES | 89 |
37 POLITICAL ACTION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN WEST BENGAL | 94 |
SCRUTINY AND SIGNIFICANCE | 97 |
39 SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH | 101 |
310 CONCLUDING REMARK | 110 |
India and China | 112 |
42 CONDITIONS OF LIFE AND DEATH | 114 |
43 CONTRASTS IN BASIC EDUCATIONS | 116 |
44 PREREFORM ACHIEVEMENTS | 120 |
45 POSTREFORM RECORDS | 122 |
46 HEALTH CARE IN THE POSTREFORM PERIOD | 128 |
47 PREREFORM AND POSTREFORM CONNECTIONS | 130 |
48 AUTHORITARIANISM FAMINES AND VULNERABILITY | 132 |
49 COERCION POPULATION AND FERTILITY | 134 |
410 THE REAL LESSONS FOR INDIA FROM CHINA | 140 |
Basic Education as a Political Issue | 143 |
52 THE STATE OF SCHOOL EDUCATION | 146 |
53 EDUCATIONAL HOPES AND THE DISCOURAGEMENT EFFECT | 154 |
54 ON FEMALE EDUCATION | 160 |
55 THE SHIFTING GOALPOST OF UNIVERSAL ELEMENTARY EDUCATION | 164 |
56 PUBLIC EXPENDITURE AND EDUCATION POLICY | 168 |
57 SCHOOL QUALITY AND THE NEED FOR ACCOUNTABILITY | 172 |
58 THE SCHOOLING REVOLUTION IN HIMACHAL PRADESH | 177 |
59 COMPULSORY SCHOOLING AND THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION | 184 |
68 CONSEQUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLUNDER | 222 |
69 ENVIRONMENT AND THE CONSTRUCTIVE PERSPECTIVE | 226 |
Gender Inequality and Womens Agency | 229 |
72 ON THE FEMALEMALE RATIO | 231 |
73 WOMENS AGENCY AND CHILD SURVIVAL | 245 |
74 FERTILITY AND WOMENS EMANCIPATION | 253 |
75 GENDER BIAS IN NATALITY | 257 |
76 WIDOWHOOD AND GENDER RELATIONS | 262 |
POVERTY VS PATRIARCHY | 266 |
78 GENDER EQUALITY AND SOCIAL PROGRESS | 271 |
Security and Democracy in a Nuclear India | 275 |
82 THE MORAL AND THE PRAGMATIC | 278 |
83 SOURCES OF STRENGTH AND DANGERS OF UNDERESTIMATION | 280 |
84 DETERRENCE AND SECURITY | 283 |
85 THE NUCLEAR DEBATE | 286 |
86 THE SOCIAL COSTS OF MILITARISM | 289 |
87 DEFENCE EXPENDITURE AND SOCIAL NEEDS | 292 |
COSTS AND RISKS | 294 |
89 MILITARISM AND DEMOCRACY | 299 |
Well Beyond Liberalization | 306 |
92 RADICAL NEEDS AND MODERATE REFORMS | 310 |
93 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE NINETIES | 315 |
94 ECONOMIC REFORM AND SOCIAL POLICY | 333 |
95 HUNGER AMIDST PLENTY | 336 |
96 GLOBALIZATION AND INEQUALITY | 340 |
97 A CONCLUDING REMARK | 345 |
The Practice of Democracy | 347 |
102 INEQUALITY AND EMPOWERMENT | 352 |
103 DECENTRALIZATION AND LOCAL DEMOCRACY | 358 |
104 TRANSPARENCY AND CORRUPTION | 363 |
105 ACCOUNTABILITY AND COUNTERVAILING POWER | 368 |
106 HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY | 371 |
107 DEMOCRACY AND PARTICIPATION | 375 |
Statistical Appendix | 381 |
References | 415 |
| 479 | |
| 500 | |
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achievements age group Andhra Pradesh basic education Bihar birth census cent chapter child mortality China contrast countries crucial decline Delhi democracy democratic deprivation discussed Drèze earlier economic growth economic reforms effects elementary education environmental estimates example expansion fact Family Health Survey famine female literacy female-male ratio fertility rate figures freedom further gender inequality Government of India growth rate Haryana Himachal Pradesh human important income infant mortality instance Institute for Population involved issue Karnataka Kerala labour levels literacy rates literature cited Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra major military mortality rate National Family Health noted nuclear Pakistan participation particularly per-capita political Population Sciences poverty poverty line Probe Team 1999 problem programmes Proportion Rajasthan recent regions role rural sector social opportunities South Korea Statistical Appendix Table A.3 Tamil Nadu tend Uttar Pradesh village West Bengal women World Bank World Development Indicators