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gence has dissipated all illusions respect"ing him. Public indignation is prov "nounced against him; it will pursue him "to the tomb, and deliver up his name to the justice of posterity. In all times, in alt "countries, the man who joined the ene→ mies of his country, lost all his titles to consideration, and did not even fail to

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"by his treason. On this head, the sub"lime words of that model for French

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warriors, the Chevalier Bayard, are ❝ known. He was mortally wounded fighting against the Imperials, at whose head was found the Constable Bourbon, who had basely sold himself to the ene "mies of France. The Traitor arrived "near Bayard, and seeing him ready to "expire, could not restrain his tears→→

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praise of his being possessed of every vir- "General Moreau? But he 'chose rather tue. It would have cost Nicholson, who" to throw off the mask, and by new steps seems to have been a murderer by instinct, " justify the opinion of all intelligent men, many hundred pounds, if he had had them, "whom his hypocrisy had not been able to to obtain any thing like a decent apology" deceive. There he then has joined the for his conduct; and, perhaps, it did not "Russians and Prussians! This intellic cost a trifle to attribute to motives of wonderful delicacy Goldsmid's blowing of his own brains out, and to make it appear, that his corpse, in place of being buried in a cross road, was hardly sufficiently honoured, by being deposited in the earth amidst the lamentations of the full congregation of the children of Israel. And we are the people, are we, who have the ef-"excite contémpt in those who prohted frontery to point the finger of scorn at the French people, on account of their being kept in darkness by the press! To return to our subject; it appears, that Moreau has made his exit from this nether world. The Courier news-paper seems to fament this exceedingly, and so do I too; for" I should have liked to see him live out the campaign, in order that the world might see how many soldiers of the French army would have gone over to him,--The Do not weep for me,' said the Cheva French news-papers speak the voice of the lier, without fear and without reproach, government, or, they speak not at all. But indignantly to him, weep for yourself all the papers, except the official paper, for having betrayed your country and may keep silence, if they please. They are your oath.These, I take it, are at liberty to refrain from speaking; and, the real sentiments of the great body of the therefore, I look upon the following French people. They are not the sentiarticle, which is taken from a Frenchments of our newswriters, who while they news-paper, as expressing pretty fairly commend the ripping out of the quivering the sentiments which the people of France bowels of Englishmen found fighting against entertain with regard to the conduct of England, bestow the loftiest praises on a Moreau.- " PARIS, SEPT. 5.-The Ex-Frenchman, who, after having been raised "General Moreau arrived at Prague on the 20th August. Some people appeared to doubt his arrival on the Continent, and his connexions with the enemies of his 66 country. There can no longer be any "doubt on this subject. This Ex-General, who has for a long time resided in America, has, without doubt, heard talk of "General Arnold, so celebrated in the "American revolutionary war, and who, after having gloriously fought in the ranks of his countrymen, conspired "against the Government of his country. The conspiracy being discovered, the "traitor offered his services to the English, "who made use of him, by despising and "condemning him to inaction and oblivion. "The name of Arnold, dishonoured in "history, is never mentioned in America without being accompanied by some dis"graceful epithet, and children even only pronounce it with execration.Why did not such an example deter the Ex-naparté.

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from poverty to riches in the armies of France, comes from America to Europe to volunteer his services in the armies of her enemies.These gentlemen have surely never read the Holy Scriptures, which expressly forbid the using of two weights and two measures. No, these gentlemen never read the scriptures, or, they would remember that men are to be judged by the rules and maxims by which they judge others; and, if it be a crime worthy of the most terrible of deaths in an Englishman to fight against England, by what logic. do they think the world are to be convinced, that it is a meritorious act; nay, even an act of patriotism in a Frenchman to fight against France?They will say, perhaps, that Moreau does not like the government of France, and that he thinks that the man at the head of that government ought to be put down. In short, that it is not France that Moreau is fighting against, but against Buo-Indeed and do you think

that an Englishman found fighting against England, would not be able to make the same sort of apology for his conduct? I will: warrant it, that there is, no man, amongst all those that have been executed by us for this crime,, who would not have saved his life, if it could have been saved upon a similar plea. Decency, one would think, common decency would be sufficient, if we had any sense of it, to restrain us from praising this man's conduct; but if we are not to be restrained by that sort of feeling, surely we ought by a reflection on the danger which such an example might possibly have upon our own soldiers and sailors.

WM. COBBETT.

Bolley, 14th September, 1813.

SIR,

MR. ELTON TO MR. COBBETT.

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away, I entirely acquit you of any improper motive. To the cause of this irritation it is scarcely necessary, now, to revert. That they who sent you the account of Sir Samuel Romilly's reception at Bristol, believed that this account was correct, I have no doubt: and I must do you the same justice. But I still think, that as I set my name to a different statement, you should have given it publicity. Discussion would have set all to rights. Contradictions would have been reconciled and the misunderstanding, arising from Sir Samuel's not being distinctly heard, would have been cleared up, without impeaching the veracity of a single human being. Some old Grecian has told us, that, strife grows on strife." That you should strike again, when struck, was natural: and I do not resent your surmise, as to my hungering after patronage. So far from being the partisan of a club, I have withdrawn from that, into which I had been elected with You complain of me, in your last Regis- out solicitation on my part, because, alter, in a manner which seems to call for though I believe the members, as indivisome explanation on my part. May I hope duals, to be sincere friends of liberty, L that you will not deny me a place in your hold every thing of the nature of a club to columns? I think that you are scarcely be quite the reverse. You may reproach justified, in characterizing my attack upon me, indeed, with a sort of neutralized acyou as mean: 1 did not attack you, till I tivity as a politician: but, could you look had tried to obtain redress, and failed. An behind the veil that divides a man, from appeal to the public was all I had left. public life, you would see that I, like You may reply, that I had no right to tra- others, have my checks and entanglements. vel out of my way, in order to glean other Yet though my arm be shortened, my matter of accusation against you. I have heart and judgment are with the cause. I only to say, that I was acted upon by a am free to confess, that I have not treated sense of resentment for a supposed injury you with sufficient consideration; · and I and your observation of human nature must think that in other quarters, you have also have shewn you, that no injury is so keenly been somewhat hardly used. The many felt, as that which comes from an unex- excellent essays which you have written, pected quarter. I had been in the habit of fraught with the soundest political wisdom, reading your essays. I remember having might well be allowed to counterbalance defended your integrity at the table of the occasional erroneousness of judgment, or Lord Chief Justice in London. I had the intemperateness of feeling. I have, since, highest opinion of your candour. I re- mentioned you in public with respect; posed myself on it, in full confidence, and while controverting some of your positions, was disappointed. As to the report of my relative to religion. It was on the occasion speech, I do not consider myself as respon- of a meeting, to consider of the expediency sible for its verbal accuracy: as I take no of propagating Christianity in India. I notes of what I say in public but he that am one of those, who think that the expeis angry, has little choice of terms, or care riment might be safely tried, of allowing about means. This is no excuse for a man, the Scriptures silently to steal their way who deliberately brings a charge, which he among the natives. Farther I would not knows to be false; but, in anger, the judg- go. I regretted that you should appear to ment is warped and we persuade our countenance Paine's book. If you take re-, selves of that which falls in with our re-ligion from the people, what do you prosentments, and flatters the acerbity of our pose to give them instead? Neither laws, feelings, I did then, and do now, disap-nor systems of philosophical morals, have prove of certain of your papers. But, now the same mental influence and restraint. that the irritation of the moment has passed I see that one of your correspondents bas,

[364 since, doubted the effectiveness of Bishop (luable time, than to assure yon, that ans Watson's answer to Paine: and, on re-act of oblivion between us will give me considering it, I admit that it is not, per- pleasure.I am, Sir, your obedient haps, a completely satisfactory answer. servant, The man most qualified to refute Paine,

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FIPONG 11 SPOČ

CHARLES A ELTON Ja

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TITHES.t 350 4677

MR. GOBBETT, As R. F. intends sentid ing you another Letter on Tithes, permit me to make a few observations, before you take the subject finally in hand. It was not expected that this gentleman would countenance the absurdities of the Methods ists; their vulgar rant, and the masciiless arrogance with which they consign the rest of mankind to endless misery. He coinmends their sincerity; but it certainly rel mains to be proved. But admitting their sincerity, it will not render their tenets or conduct less absurd. Their absurdities are still absurdities; their noise is still noise; and their arrogance is still arrogance and not at all entitled to respect. It is observed that " drunkards and swearers are converted, fearing any longer to profane the name of the Most High" Different minds may attach different meanings to the word "profane," but, to my conception, if there be any such thing as profaneness, it is clearly shown in representing the Deity as the author of eternal torments to a large majority of the human race. What a monster of unrelenting cruelty! A matchless despot! An incomparable tyrant!-But if some are converted; pray, into what sort of beings are they converted? Not into independent, and honourable, and elevated minds; not into men of sense and reflection; but into slaves, who are influenced by base fear to give up their understandings to the government of a petty usurper, who assumes the title of an Embassador from God," and who by the en

and who, I am persuaded, would have Belle Vue, Clifton, 13th. Sept. fully refuted him, was Doctor Priestley: who offered to reason with Gibbon on the subject an offer which the latter, not, I think, in the spirit of a philosopher, anxious for truth, declined. No man, perhaps, has gone more deeply than myself into the writings of those who deny revelation: yet I hold to christianity. Not to the christianity of mystical creeds and metaphysical catechisms, but to that, of which the historical and auxiliary evidences are 'enforced by Paley, and of which the nature and spirit are defined and illustrated by Locke. When Jesus asked, "dost thou believe?" he plainly did not mean, dost thou believe the hypostatical union of three substances in the essence of the Godhead?'' but simply, "dost thou believe that I am the Messiah-the Anointed of God?" I doubt the pertinency of the question, in regard to the different systems of christian faith, as to which is the right?" Men were meant to differ on this question. Human nature has ever differed upon it. The sects of christianity do but reflect the schools of the ancient philosophy: and one of the strongest practical testimo nies of the truth of Jesus is furnished by this very diversity of sects, which he, in the most explicit terms, foretold. Much of what is considered as essential in religion, is verbal quibbling. All may not agree in forms and dogmas; but all may agree in the essentials; which, as Jesus himself tells us, are "to love God and our neighbour." All christian systems may, therefore, be right, if rightly acted up to, though all differ. It seems to me, that you look at the reasonings of your Unitarian correspondent, rather through the spectacles of church-prejudice. I am asto-gine of terror, keeps the minds of his nished that you should resist so self-evident a proposition, as that the Bible is a mixed book: partly inspired, partly human. The inspired parts rest not on the twisting inferences of particular sectaries: they speak for themselves: they are prophecies. The state of the Jews is a living monument of the truth of these prophecies. Wherever **we see a Jew, we see an evidence of christianity. As your late speculations have -turned upon this subject, you will not, perhaps, judge these observations intrusive. I shall now no farther trespass on your va-97 DNI DOMINg oven 200 DAN AV

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slaves in the grossest ignorance. Ak to the subject of Tithes, you will agree with me, that R. F. has not yet produced a sin gle reason against the right to take them. His remarks upon Divine Right ind the Decrees of Popes might have been spared. There is no person in the nineteenth century who entertains such obsolete notions. Those who take titles have bener reasons to produce, of a modern date He admits that it is sanctioned #by" ** the law of the land;" if law means' right, then the right is in the law; if law does not madra tas valin od yada yadı owiw insmem

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right, then what does right mean? It against the common enemy. I agree with means, says R. F., just claim." But your Excellency, that the manner in which what does just claim" mean? I sup this disposition has been made, and the pose it means right;" which leaves the reason assigned for it, is as injurious to the subject precisely where it was in the be- reputation of your Excellency, as prejudi ginning. The word "right" must be cial to the good of the service, though I explained by producing CASES, where the am convinced, if the Regency had been inright of property is clearly established and formed of all the circumstances, it is much admitted. Suppose I ask a man,-by too just purposely to detract from the howhat right he ploughs and sows his land? nour of a person who has merited so well he will say, by the right of purchase." of the public, without first consulting him. This then is a clear CASE. Suppose the and too patriotic to deprive the nation of same man, in return, asks me, by what the services of your Excellency at such a right I take his tithe? I will pay him in time. I think, then, that justice requires his own coin, and say, by the right of that I should avail myself of this opportu purchase." There is not a clearer subject nity to inform your Excellency what I mean under the sun than this. The manner may to represent to the Minister at War, for the not be expedient, it may sometimes be vex- information of Government, which is, that alious, but the right is as clear as other iu reality only a small part of the 4th army rights of property. It remains with R. F. was embodied, and that it was necessary to to prove the contrary. The tithe-gatherer, preserve separate the different divisions the borough-monger, and the slave-dealer which compose it, for a variety of reasons, are associated together, but the discerning some relative to situation, and others to the mind can easily separate them, R. F.regulations of finance, which it is necessary thinks the injustice of the tithe system al-to enter into, but with which the Governready" manifest to the public." This is ment is well acquainted; and that, in that begging the question, not proving it. The case, your Excellency would be out of your proof of the injustice has never yet appear-place, by putting yourself at the head of ed to the public, unless by the public, Mr. R. F. means himself.I remain, yours, &c. G. G. FORDHAM.

2. Sandon, Sept. 13th, 1813.

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OFFICIAL PAPERS.

SPAIN.

any of the corps of the 4th ariny. But, without doubt, it has been forgotten that your Excellency, besides being General in Chief of the 4th army, is Captain-General at the same time of Estremadura, Old Castille, Gallicia, and other provinces, and that there is an obligation on your Excellency, which is absolutely necessary for the good of the service, that your Excellency should take the measures proper to re

Letter from the Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo lo establish the Spanish Authorities in the his Excellency Don F. Xavier de Cas-villages and districts which the enemy suctanos. cessively evacuated, in consequence of the Most Excellent Sir,I have had the ho- operations of the army. This was the plan pour to receive your Excellency's dispatch, of conduct for your Excellency, on which dated the 27th, enclosing the Redacteur we had agreed before passing the Agueda, General of that day, which contains a dis- in May last, and which your Excellency -patch from the Minister at War, stating has constantly followed since we separated that you have been called on to fill the in Salamanca.I am convinced that, place of Gounsellor of State, on which ac- considering the importance of the services count you can no longer remain at the head rendered by your Excellency to the Go- of the Ath army, which the Government vernment and the army, during this camhad nonfided to your Excellency I had paign, and the manner in which, through already received notice of this distinction, the whole of it, General Don Pedra Authough not on the part of the Minister at gustin Giron has commanded the army of War, nor on the part of the Government, Gallicia, the person of your Excellency and was absolutely ignorant of the motive. could not be more advantageously employ Whatever that may be, I cannot but la-ed than where it has been, and that if the ment: a disposition which deprives me of >the very useful assistance of your Exceldency, and the nation of your services against the common enemy, at the very moment when they may be most important

Government had adverted to the necessity of discharging the obligations of CaptainGeneral, by establishing order in so many provinces, during the rapid advances of the army, it would not have permitted the re

putation of your Excellency to have been
disparaged, from whatever motive, by re-
moving your Excellency from the command
of the Army, and calling you to the office
of Counsellor of State.God preserve
your Excellency many years.
WELLINGTON, Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo.
Head-quarters, Montreal,
June 30, 1813.

FRENCH PAPERS.

Paris, Sept. 1.-The military events which follow each other with rapidity, not allowing a detailed relation, we are authorized, whilst expecting them, to publish the following letter, addressed by his ExcelJency the Duke of Bassano, Minister for Foreign Affairs, to his Serene Highness the Prince Arch-Chancellor of the Empire.

cannon. This morning, at four o'clock; the Emperor was upon the ground: the rain fell in torrents; Marshals the Duke of Raguse and Bellurie passed the bridge with their corps. At eight o'clock our attack commenced by a brisk cannonade. The enemy's extreme left was commanded by the Austrian Generals Ignace, Giuley, and Klenau, and separated from the remainder of the army by the valley of Plauen. The Emperor ordered it to be attacked by Marshal the Duke of Bellune, and by General Latour Mauberg's cavalry, under the orders of the King of Naples. We reckon among the trophies of this day 15,000 men,' among whom are Field-Marshal-Lieutenant Metzko, two Generals of Brigade, many supe rior Officers, 20 pieces of cannon, and 10 flags.During this time, General Vandamme, who had debouched by Koiregolun, seized upon the heights of Pirna, marched on both sides the Peterswalde road, and rendered himself master of the debouches from Bohemia, beating 15,000 men who presented themselves before him, and made a good number of prisoners. At this moment all the roads of Peterswalde and Freyberg are intersected; the Russians and

"Monseigneur,-I had the honour to write your Excellency yesterday, the 26th, and to announce to your Serene Highness, that the Russian, Prussian, and Austrian Farmies had marched to attack Dresden, under the eyes of their sovereigns, and that they had been repulsed at all points.You will easily comprehend that the Em-Prussians came by the road of Peterswalde, peror is occupied in such a manner, that it is impossible, at this moment, to give a detailed account of all the events which have taken place. Hostilities commenced on the 17th. His Majesty entered Bohemia on the 19th, occupying the principal debouches at Rambourg and Gabel, and having marched his troops within twelve leagues of Prague. On the 21st he was in Silesia, beating the Russian and Prussian armies of General Sacken, Langeron, York, and Blucher, and forcing the fine positions of the Bober. Whilst the enemy still believed his Majesty in the depths of Silesia, he left a powerful army there, under the orders of the Duke of Tarente, made his guards march ten leagues a day, and arrived at Dresden, for some days threatened by an imminent attack.His Majesty entered the town at nine in the morning, and immediately made his dispositions.

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At three in the afternoon, the Russian, Prussian, and Austrian army, commanded by Generals Wittgenstein, Kleest, and Schwartzenberg, deployed 150,000 men, marching against the town. All the attacks were repulsed by the Old and Young Guard alone, who covered themselves with glory.

The enemy left 4,000 killed at the foot of our redoubts. We have taken 2,000 men, a flag, and several pieces of

and the Austrians by that of Freyberg.✰✰✰ If the enemy's army, which is numerous, as it is composed of the Russian and Prus→→ sian corps, and of all the Austrian army,› determines to retreat, it will necessarily suffer considerable lässes; if it remains,' there will be very destructive events tomorrow. Since the affairs at Ulm, the French army never experienced worse wea-> ther, and more abundant rain. The Emperor has been exposed to it all day. He is this moment entering. The numerous columns of prisoners, pieces of cannon, and › flags, which have been taken, are travers--ing the town. The inhabitants evince the most lively joy at the sight of these tro phies. The Duke of Reggio was to be on the 23d or 24th at Berlin.The Duke of Tarente drove the remains of the army from Silesia upon Breslau.It is not a Bulletin which I address to your Serene Highness; but I thought it my duty to give you this important intelligence, his Majesty not having time to write; he is very well.

-One circumstance will excite universal indignation; the Ex-General Moreau is with the enemy's army, in the suite of the Emperor of Russia, as a Privy-Counsellor. He has there thrown off the mask which for some years has not concealed him from ✅ intelligent persons. I cannot yet, Mon

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