by Attalus. Following out this supposition, the statue called the Overthrown Giant belonged to the 1st group; over his left arm hangs a panther skin, and his right grasps the hilt of a sword. The Dead Amazon formed part of the 2nd group; she has fallen backwards across the spear that caused her death,her own lying broken beside her, the bared right breast shows the death wound. The Fallen Persian belonged to the 3rd group; the bonnet, shoes, trousers, and crooked sabre seem to show him to be an Eastern; the position of the body seems to indicate that he had not fallen suddenly, but sunk gradually down. To the 4th group may be assigned the most beautiful of the statues, that called the WOUNDED GLADIATOR; it is full of feeling, and painfully true to nature; the head probably belonged to another statue. All these statues have been slightly repaired.-The VENUS CALLIPYGE, found on the site of the Golden House of Nero at Rome, and long considered to be one of the Venuses of Praxiteles. The rt. leg, the 1. arm, the whole of the 1. hand, and the head are restorations. Notwithstanding these extensive additions, the statue is a very graceful group, and worthy of its fame.--A Faun carrying the boy Bacchus on his shoulders, a charming group of Greek workmanship (F), well restored by Albaccini from antiques of the same subject. The Faun holds in his hands the cymbals; his laughing countenance is turned towards the boy, who grasps with one hand the Faun's hair to maintain his position, and with the other holds out a bunch of grapes with a tantalising and yet playful air, while he looks down upon the Faun's laughing face with an arch and affectionate expression, which is nature itself. The sitting STATUE OF AGRIPPINA, the wife of Germanicus. This figure was considered by Winckelmann | finer than those in the Museum of the Capitol or at the Villa Albani. She sits in a cushioned chair of simple but elegant form; her posture is easy, graceful, and dignified; her hands are clasped and resting in her lap; the drapery is finely disposed, and the whole expression is that of pensive resignation.-TheTORSO FARNESE, or the Torso of BACCHUS (F), a masterpiece of art, regarded by some as a work of Phidias. Nothing can be more elegant than the graceful attitude of the neck and the body, or more soft and true to nature than the exquisite delicacy of the flesh. Returning to the S. end of the Hall of the Balbi, we turn to the rt. into a series of halls parallel to it. 1st Hall (D 4), containing statues of Divinities and bas-reliefs. To the l., statues of Apollo; one of Apollo Musagetes, in green basalt; Apollo, in the act of repose, bends his right arm gracefully over his head, and suspends his lyre with the left.-Statues of Ceres.Statues of Jupiter.-On the rt., Statues of Diana; Statue of the Ephesian Diana, in oriental alabaster, with the head, hands, and feet of bronze. This specimen of Roman sculpture is in the highest state of preservation even in the minutest details. The characteristic emblems of the Dea Matrix, whence arose the epithet of multimammea, are also well preserved. The head is surmounted by a species of circular diadem with eight chimæras; and there are three lions on each arm. On the breast are various zodiacal signs, with four winged female figures, supposed to typify the seasons.-Bust of Alexander the Great as the son of Jupiter Ammon, with two small horns projecting from the hair: the wry neck, which is very evident, and the dignified, but pensive features, which are so well known from other examples, leave little doubt that this is a true likeness of Alexander, flattered by the insignia of his assumed divinity. It is of the Roman period (H). 2nd Hall (D 5). Statues of Divinities. Several statues of Venus, most of them as Venus Anadyomene; they have all been much restored, and many are evidently portrait statues.-Statuette of Venus Victrix.-Crouching Venus and Cupid. Sitting statue of Mars, sword in hand.-Statue of Bacchus. Bacchus and Ampelus (restored erroneously as a Cupid), a fine group (F); the same subject as in the gallery at Florence, but in a better style. 3rd Hall (D 6). Satyrs, Cupids, Atlas, and others. On the 1., Hermes | THE Issus, found in 1831, in the House of of Bearded Bacchus (H).-Pan teaching the Faun at Pompeii. It is the grandest Bacchus to play the flute.-Sitting mosaic yet discovered, and measures Silenus, with cornucopia.-Statues and more than 17 ft. by 8 ft. It is a most Busts of Satyrs.-GANYMEDE AND spirited and interesting composition, THE EAGLE, full of grace and beauty representing a battle between Greeks beyond almost any other example of and barbarians, probably the victory of the same subject (F).-Charming statue Alexander over Darius. The figures of a sleeping Cupid.-Cupid entangled of both warriors and horses are full of in the folds of a dolphin; a curious life and action. Three figures are conand well-executed group, but much re-spicuous :-that which is supposed to stored (F).-STATUE OF ATLAS sustain-be the Macedonian King, who, charging ing a celestial globe; a very interesting bareheaded, in the midst of the fight monument of Roman science, and has transfixed with his lance the one of interest to the student of Persian general before he could mount ancient astronomy. Of the 47 con- a second horse, which an attendant had stellations known to the ancients, brought to replace the one which has 42 may be recognised; the five want- been wounded under him, whilst Darius ing are Ursa major, Ursa minor, is hurried away in his chariot, the Sagittarius, Equus, and Canis minor. horses of which are being urged by the The date of this sculpture is probably charioteer to precipitate flight. One anterior to the time of Hadrian (F). war chariot only is introduced, corre-Esculapius (F), a fine statue said to sponding with the account of the battle have been found in the island of the given by Q. Curtius. The colouring is Tiber at Rome, where there was a most vivid, but "the highest merit of temple of that divinity. this work, unique in its kind, is not to 4th Hall (D 7), called of the Muses, be sought for in faultless drawing, or from its containing a number of in the expressiveness of each single statues of the Muses, chiefly from Her- figure, but rather in the power with culaneum.-Those of Calliope, Mnemo-which a momentous crisis is presented syne and Melpomene are good; all have been restored.-Statue of Meleager in rosso antico. - Hercules and Omphale (H).-Hercules and Iole (F). This group is supposed to have supplied Tasso with the ideas of his fine description in the Gerusalemme, canto xvi. 5th Hall (D 8), called that of the Flora, from its containing the colossal statue known as the FARNESE FLORA, found in the Thermæ of Caracalla at Rome, and celebrated as a masterpiece of ancient Roman sculpture. Though upwards of 12 feet in height, it is so finely proportioned and so graceful,that the unnatural effect of its large dimensions is not felt. The head, the arms, and the feet were supplied by Della Porta and Albaccini, who, without any authority, gave it the character of Flora. Visconti thought that it was intended to represent Hope. Winckelmann considered it one of the Muses, and others have pronounced it a Venus or a Hebe. In the centre of this hall is the so called MOSAIC OF THE BATTLE OF to us with the slightest possible means. On the rt., by the turn given to the chariot and horses, and by some telling attitudes and gestures, a picture of helplessness and consternation is given which could not be more significant or, save in an outward sense, more complete. On the 1. (unhappily much defaced), the victors press forward with confident and resistless force,"Cic. The border represents a river, with a crocodile, hippopotamus, ichneumon, ibises, &c. 6th Hall (D 9), containing bas-reliefs. In the centre is the splendid Vase of Salpion, covered with bas-reliefs representing the Birth of Bacchus. Mercury is represented consigning the infant child to the nymph Nysa, with Bacchantes and Fauns playing on musical instruments, who are rejoicing at the birth. A graceful wreath of vineleaves and tendrils surrounds the rim of the vase. Over the central group of figures is inscribed the name of the sculptor, Salpion of Athens. This noble described by Montfaucon, Spon, and other writers, was found among the ruins of ancient Formiæ, in the bay of Gaeta, and it lay for a long time on the beach, where it was used by the boatmen to moor their boats: the marks of the ropes are still distinctly visible. It was afterwards removed to the cathedral of Gaeta, where it was used as a baptismal font. It stands on a Puteal, with reliefs of Jupiter, Mars, Apollo, Esculapius, Bacchus, Hercules, and Mercury (F).—An old gravestone with the statue of the defunct and his dog in relief, sometimes called Ulysses and the dog Argos.-Bas-relief of a Bacchanalian procession. specimen of Greek art, which has been | Tiberius.-Sarcophagus, with a bas-relief representing a Bacchanalian festival, with Bacchus in his car, and Hercules resting upon Iole (F).-A beautiful Vase, ornamented with bas-reliefs representing a Bacchanalian procession (H).-Two handsome candelabras, ornamented with chimæras, heads of rams, storks, &c. (F).—Vase with bacchanalian reliefs in an early Greek style (F).-A Pedestal of Greek marble, erected in honour of Tiberius by the 14 cities of Asia Minor, which he rebuilt after they had been damaged by an earthquake (Tacitus, Ann., II. 47: an event also commemorated by a medal). Each city is represented by a symbolical figure wearing its national costume, and distinguished by the name inscribed below it. It was found during Addison's visit in 1693, in the Piazza della Malva at Pozzuoli. 7th Hall (D 10.) Reliefs.-Helen induced by the Goddess of Persuasion, Peitho, to elope with Paris, a fine work in the Greek style; all the figures, except Cupid, have their names in Greek characters.-Orestes at Delphi. -A Sarcophagus, with a large relief representing the Battle of the Amazons, brought from Mileto, in Calabria, and considered to be the tomb of Eremberga, wife of Robert the Norman. Gladiator Scenes from Pompeii; beneath two of the figures are the names Bebrix and Nobilior. - Roman Sarcophagus, with a rough bas-relief representing the gods present at the creation of man by Prometheus (P).-A beautiful Greek bas-relief representing Bacchus arriving for a banquet with Icarius and Erigona, and called the Banquet of Icarius; one Satyr supports the god, while another undoes his sandals; before the door wait Silenus and his companions. Alto-rilievo of four figures of exquisite workmanship, supposed to represent Apollo and the Graces, or Alcibiades and the Hetara (F).Beautiful bas-relief of Orpheus and Eurydice in Hades with Mercury.Puteal, or mouth of a cistern, with a bas-relief, representing the process of wine making by Silenus and the Satyrs. On it stands a Venus with a dolphin, on which sits Cupid holding a pigeon.-A nocturnal sacrifice to Priapus, found in the island of Capri; the male figure on horseback has been supposed to be intended for Returning again to the S. end of the Portico of the Balbi, we turn to the 1. into the COLLECTION OF ANCIENT Bronzes, containing the most renowned and interesting bronze castings in Italy. They were found chiefly at Herculaneum and Pompeii, and illustrate various epochs of the art of bronzecasting. This art was first practised in Egypt, and came probably through Assyria to the Greeks, who perfected it. The value of the metal excited the cupidity of the different rulers who swayed the troubled fortunes of Italy during the period succeeding the fall of the Roman empire, and the wars of the Middle Ages, and we owe the beautiful specimens here collected to the eruption of Vesuvius, which guarded for a long time, beneath lava and ashes, the treasures of Herculaneum and Pompeii. The objects are not yet numbered. 1st Hall (E 1). Animals.-The Colossal head of a Horse, one of the very noblest specimens of Greek art which have been preserved to our time. It is the only remaining portion of a colossal horse which stood in the pronaos of the Temple of Neptune, now occupied by the Piazza di San Gennaro. The lower orders considered it to have been the work of Virgil, and to be endowed with miraculous powers in curing | statue of Fortune, with the attributes the diseases of horses; to remove the of Isis; a beautiful work of art in the latter superstition, a Cardinal Carafa, highest state of preservation. The archbishop of Naples, had the statue pedestal and ornament on the head are melted down in 1322, and the bronze inlaid with silver (H).—Various busts converted into bells for his cathe- and small figures, and an Etruscan dral. His kinsman, Diomede Carafa, looking-glass, with mythological scenes Conte di Maddaloni, saved the head on the reverse side, fill up this hall. from such Vandalism, and had it placed in his palace, where it remained until 1809.-A statue of one of the Horses from the Quadriga of Nero found beneath the ruins of the Temple of Hercules at Herculaneum.-Two deer, the size of life, very graceful and full of nature (H). 3rd Hall (E 3). Statues and busts.The SLEEPING FAUN. The right arm bent back over the head; the disposition of the limbs, and the opened lips, are beautifully true to nature, and indicative of the deep sleep which follows active exercise. It was found in 1756 in the villa of the Papyri at H.2nd Hall (E 2). Small Statues. In MERCURY IN REPOSE, the size of life. the centre, a flying Victory (H).-A The figure inclines gently forward; lonely small statue of the Venus Ana- the limbs are in the soft bloom of dyomene, found at Nocera dei Pagani. early manhood; the proportions are -Statue of ALEXANDER THE GREAT perfect, and the sweet expression most mounted on Bucephalus; one of beautiful. It is in admirable prethe most interesting objects in the servation, nothing being wanting but Museum. Alexander is a noble figure; the caduceus, of which there is still a the head, divested of the helmet, and fragment in the right hand (H).— bound simply with the royal diadem, B. of Seneca, with glass eyes, a speaking is full of heroism and animation. The and most intellectual head, with ragged horse is quite equal to his rider in energy locks of hair falling over the brow. and vigour; the trappings elaborately It is one of the finest bronze busts in worked, inlaid with silver ornaments. the Museum (H).-Two Discoboli in The rare occurrence of statues of Alex- the act of watching the direction of ander, and the exquisite workmanship the discus which they have just of this group, almost entitle it to be thrown; most spirited and life-like considered unique (H).- Equestrian figures, full of natural grace and exstatue of an Amazon (H).-Bacchus and pression (H).-A DRUNKEN FAUN reAmpelus, from the House of Pansa posing on the lion's skin, and imitating (H), a very elegant small group, with with his fingers the music of the cassilver eyes, standing on a semicircular tanets; an admirable work, showing base, inlaid with a garland of silver the power which ancient artists had olive-leaves.-A Fisherman, holding in to idealise a coarse subject (H).—A his left hand a basket full of fish, from small Statue of Apollo, holding in one the Honse of the Mosaic Fountain hand a lyre, and a plectrum in the other; (P), where it was placed on the edge the eyes are of silver. A beautiful and of the fountain, as though fishing in precious work of art. The features are the water. Round the room.-Silenus so perfectly feminine, that it has been bearing a weight, a statue wonderfully called the Hermaphrodite Apollo (P). expressive of laborious effort. A-Bust of Livia, with an artistical beautitul STATUE OF NARCISSUS, 2 ft. high, found at Pompeii in 1865; it is one of the most perfect specimens in every way of Greek work in bronze, The Dancing Faun, the most admirable statue, wonderfully typical of animal delight; it was found in 1831, in a house at Pompeii, which has been named from it the House of the Faun.-A small coiffure or wig (galerus), of excellent workmanship (H.)-Heroic statue of Augustus deified, holding the sceptre in his right, and the lightning in his left hand, in imitation of Jupiter (H).Heroic stature of Claudius Drusus. The ring on the finger of the left hand bears the distinctive lituus of Roman nobility (H).-Colossal statue of Nero Drusus in sacrificial robes, remarkable | shield, with relief of a Medusa head, crowned with an olive garland, inlaid in silver ;-slings, daggers, silver and bronze buckles, &c. for its fine drapery, &c. (H).- Six actresses, or dancers, or, according to Winckelmann, nymphs, found in the proscenium of the theatre at H. The finest of the group is the one binding her hair with a fillet inlaid with silver, an ornament characteristic of the dancing-girls in the time of Homer. A half statue of Diana, found with that of Apollo, in the Forum at Pompeii: they are both probably by the same hand.-Busts of the philosophers Heraclitus and Democritus.-Bust of Archytas, with his head bound with the national fillet of Tarentum; a most interesting portrait(H).—Fine and wellpreserved busts of Ptolemy Philadelphus, and of Ptolemy Soter, both wearing the diadem (H).-Ptolemy Alexander (H). Ptolemy Apion. Bust of Berenice; one of the finest and most graceful portraits in the gallery. When exhumed in 1756, the eyes and lips were encrusted with silver, of which the traces are still visible (H).-Claudius Marcellus, so called, -Bust usually called of PLATO, a grand work, in the best, style of Greek art; Winckelmann calls it one of the most consummate works of art in the world.--Bust of El. Lepidus, very life-like. 4th Hall (E 4), chiefly Armour.Equestrian Statue of Nero (P).—Bust of Scipio Africanus, from the Villa of the Papyri (H), "the true type of an old Roman."-Head of a Gladiator, with the artist's signature, Apollonius, the son of Archias the Athenian.Busts of some of the Caesars, chiefly found in tombs. The collection of armour is contained in 3 cases. In case No. 1 are Greek arms, consisting of bronze helmets from Pæstum and Ruvo; suits of armour from Canosa; horse-trappings, &c., from Ruvo; and spear-heads from Pæstum. In case No. 2 are Italian arms, consisting of helmets from Herculaneum and Pompeii; spears from Pozzuoli, standards from Bovianum, and slings. In case No. 3 are Gladiators' arms, consisting of helmets from (H) and (P);—a helmet, with reliefs of the deaths of Priam and Cassandra, and the flight of Æneas (H);-a round Returning to the great vestibule, and ascending the stairs, we reach the Entresol: This series of low rooms contains the collection of Cinquecento objects, Ancient Glass, Terracottas, and objects from Cumæ. CINQUECENTO OBJECTS.-The Cinquecento collection contains more than 1200 specimens arranged in 2 rooms. In the 1st Room-A Sacramental Tabernacle, in bronze, in eight compartments, designed, it is said, by Michael Angelo, and cast by Jacopo Siciliano.A series of bas-reliefs of the Passion of Our Saviour, his Crucifixion, Entombment, and Resurrection, in alabaster, of the time of King Ladislaus, and presented by his sister Joanna II. to the monks of S. Giovanni Carbonara.-Bronze busts of Ferdinand of Aragon and of Charles V. In the 2nd Room-A splendid bronze chest, known as the Cassetta Farnese, adorned with reliefs and with 6 oval intaglios on rock crystal, representing the Combats of the Amazons, between the Centaurs and the Lapithæ, Meleager and Atalanta, a procession of the Indian Bacchus, a Race in the Circus, and a Naval Action between Xerxes and the Greeks: they were executed by Joannes de Bernardi, of Castel Bolognese.-A numerous collection of sacramental vessels, and carved figures in wood and ivory ;-a few specimens of Majolica, and of a handsome blue pottery, with the arms of a Cardinal Farnese upon it;-a series of medieval seals; a globe in brass, brought from the East as a present to Cardinal Borgia, and described by the astronomer Toaldo; it bears an Arabic inscription;-a bronze patera, used as an armlet, with two Arabic inscriptions ;-some pictures brought from India;-and a collection of miscellaneous objects from the South Sea Islands. The very extensive COLLECTION OF ANCIENT GLASS, arranged in one room, consists of upwards of 4000 specimens, including almost every article into |