this part of the country." Surely, whole brigades party, some time ago, under the command of one throwing away their arms, and returning home, Bunnion, went from Long Island to Connecticut, and all that sort of conduct, must carry with it and there surprised and took prisoner a rebel the most presumptive evidence, not only of their major general, named Silliman, and sevearl other disaffection to the measures of congress, but of officers. their loyalty and attachment to his majesty, and A party of militia also not long ago went from the British nation and government; especially if Wilmington, in North Carolina, 60 or 70 miles you take into the account this well known fact, into the country, and took major general Ashe, that the rebels have recruited the continental ar with two or three field officers, and some other my, and in all instances assembled the militia, by persons, and brought them prisoners to his madeceiving some, terrifying many, and driving more, jesty's garrison at Wilmington. Another party of to assist in their military operations. On the con-militia lately went near 200 miles up into the trary, the service of the loyalists has in all cases country from Wilmington, to a place called Hillsbeen ready and voluntary; and in many unsolicited, borough, and with a body of 6 or 700 militia, and in some unnoticed, if not rejected.

attacked a party of rebel troops, who were there as a guard to the rebel legislature, then sitting at that place, and took the rebel governor, Mr. Burke, several of his council, 11. continental officers, and about 120 of the troops prisoners, whom

South Carolina and elsewhere, might be mentioned without number. Surely such are not timid friends! We defy, the most incredulous opposer of American loyalty, as well as the most determined ad

a single instance wherein the like has been done, or attempted by the rebel militia; or that they have in any instance voluntarily assembled in such numbers, or attempted any military achievements whatever, without the express orders and coercion of their tyrannical rulers.

If it should be said, if such is the number and disposition of the loyalists in America, how comes it to pass that they have not been of more importance to his majesty's service? We answer, might it not with equal propriety be enquired, the militia delivered to major Craig, who commanded the king's troops at Wilmington. Other why his majesty's forces have not more fully answered the just expectations of the nation?more voluntary alerts, preformed by the loyalists in And might not the question with greater propriety be put to his majesty's commanders in America? A due deference to whom, we trust, will be thought the most decent apology for our waving the mention of many more of the true and undenia-vocate for congressional usurpation, to point out ble causes which we have it in our power to assign. And permit us to add, that it is only from modesty, and a wish to avoid both the appearance and imputation of selfish ostentation, that we decline entering into a particular enumeration of such proofs of allegiance and fidelity, from the conduct and sufferings of American loyalists, as have never The establishing civil government, and forming been equalled by any people, in any age, or in any a militia in a colony as soon as the rebel army is country. We cannot, however, refrain from hinting drove out of it, is the best measure that can be at some incontestible advantages the loyalists have adopted to make the loyal inhabitants importantly been of, in affording supplies to the royal army, useful to the king's interest. It is the highest by acting as guides and pilots, and (inde-political absurdity that ever was thought of, tɔ pendent of those employed in the provincial line) imagine that a colony is to be retained, and the as militia and partizan troops. As corps of Refu- peace and good order of government restored by. gees, they have been too often distinguished by the force of arms and martial law, and that too the zeal and gallantry of their behavior, to need without the partial aid and concurrence of its the mention of any particular instance; if they did, inhabitants. And it is equally preposterous to exwe might refer to the affair of the Block-house, pect that aid and concurrence, without some opposite Fort Knyphausen, where captain Ward, regard is paid to the prejudices and inclinations with about 70 Refugees, withstood and repuised of the people. They should be treated with the attack of general Wayne, at the head of three confidence and honored with notice, by being chosen brigades of continentals. As a militia, appointed to all offices of civil government. The acting by themselves (for we take no notice of protecting authority and persuasive influence of the many thousands that, at different times, par- which is the only measure that can extend to, and ticularly in Georgia and South Carolina, have connect the people of a British province in one attached themselves to the royal army) a small common interest and voluntary submission. A

province, thus restored to the influence of civil and must continue to be, from the mutual wante government, and the exertions of the militia, the and supplies of each other, it would be folly to natural force of the country, the royal army might imagine, but that many of the inhabitants of Queproceed to the next, ever keeping the rebel forces bec, and the Islands, would, from various moin front. Thus, province after province might and tives, and with different views, under such cirwould be speedily reclaimed to their former happy and most eligible situation of British subjects.

pire.

cumstances, contribute in some measure towards facilitating their own reduction, and hastening the surrender to some other power. If Great Britain The policy of prosecuting the American war is can maintain a naval superiority in the Ameristrikingly abvious for more reasons, but particularly can seas, the continent, with proper conduct, is as it affords the most encouraging hope that can undoubtedly retainable. If she cannot, her insular possibly be held out to his majesty loyalists to possessions in America are still less tenable than persevere in their principles and exertions, at the her continental; for this plain reason, that the same time that it affords a number of safe ports to former are more assailable by naval force than the royal navy during the war. It is also political, the latter. Consequently, the prosecution of the in order to prevent vast numbers of distressed peo-American war with magnanimity and vigour apple from going to England, and throwing them- pears to us the best, if not the only measure for selves and families, helpless and ruined, upon na re-animating his majesty's loyalists in America, to tional bounty for maintenance and support. It is a strenuous exertion of their most distinguished humane and just, from a consideration of the endeavors, for discouraging the efforts of the rebels repeated declarations that have been made, that for dispiriting the hostile powers of Europe, and "it was the gracious and firm resolution of his ma- for maintaining the dignity, and preserving the jesty and the British nation to persevere, in every exterior territories of the British nation and emjust and necessary measure, for the redemption of his majesty's faithful American subjects from the tyranny and oppression of congress, and restoring Relying with the fullest confidence upon na them to the protection and benefit of British laws." tional justice and compassion to our fidelity and The importance the possession of some part, if not distresses, we can entertain no doubts but that the whole of the revolted colonies, must be of, as Great Britain will prevent the ruin of her Amerian asylum for loyalists, as well as the weight it can friends, at every risk short of certain destrucwould be of in fixing the preliminary articles, tion to herself. But if compelled, by adversity of and influencing the definitive treaty, whenever misfortune, from the wicked and pefidious comsuch an event should take place, strongly enforces binations and designs of numerous and powerful the political propriety and necessity of the Ameri- enemies abroad, and more criminal and dangerous can war. It also appears to be a political and neces. enemies at home, an idea should be formed by sary measure, in order to detain the rebel forces Great Britain of relinquishing her American coloin the revolted colonies; for there can be to doubt, nies to the usurpation of congress, we thus solemnly if his majesty's troops were withdrawn from thence, call God to witness, that we think the colonies but their views and operations would be imme. can never be so happy or so free as in a constitudiately turned towards the province of Quebec to tional connexion with, and dependence on Great the northward, and the British Wes: India islands Britain; convinced, as we are, that to be a British to the southward, and when the contiguity of the subject, with all its consequences, is to be the and the proximity of the others to the revolted happiest and freest member of any civil society colonies is considered, it is not improbable to sup in the known world-we, therefore, in justice to pose, from the connexion now subsisting between our members, in duty to ourselves, and in fidelity America and France, Spain and Holland, but that, to our posterity, must not, cannot refrain from by the united forces of those powers in those making this public declaration and appeal to the adjacent islands, co operating with the Americans, faithful subjects of every government, and the that the British islands must be immediately taken; compassionate sovereign of every people, in every and that all the continental possessions of Great nation and kingdom of the world, that our princiBritain would soon after be irrecoverably lost. If ples are the principles of the virtuous and free; we take into our view the effect the evacuation of that our sufferings are the sufferings of unprotected America must have upon the minds of people, loyalty, and persecuted fidelity; that our cause is and the unavoidable intercourse there has been, the cause of legal and constitutional government,

one,

throughout the world; that, opposed by principles any power in Europe, to the mortifying debasement of republicanism, and convinced, from recent ob- of a state of slavery, and a life of insult, under the servation, that brutal violence, merciless severity, tyranny of congressional usurpation.

BALTIMORE, July 30, 1782.

relentless cruelty, and discretionary outrages are the distinguished traits and ruling principles of the present system of congressional republicanism, Yesterday a deputation of the merchants of this

town, waited upon his excellency COUNT DE ROCHAMBEAU, and presented him the following aðdress, expressing their grateful sentiments af his very polite attention to their request for protection of the trade, &c.

To his excellency the COUNT DE ROCHAMBEAU, Commander in chief of the auxillary troops of his most Christian majesty, in the United States.

return you our most sincere thanks, in this public manner, for the distinguished aid and protection, which you have, from time to time, so willingly afforded to the commercial interests of this state, and to inform your excellency, that we are happy in the opportunity of paying you this tribute, so justly due to distinguished merit.

our aversion is unconquerable, irreconcileable.That we are attached to monarchical government, from past and happy experience-by duty, and by choice. That, to oppose insurrections, and to listen to the requests of people so circumstanced as we are, is the common interest of all mankind in civil society. That to support our rights, is to support the rights of every subject of legal go. vernment; and that to afford us relief, is at once We, the merchants of the town of Baltimore, the duty and security of every prince and sovereign impressed with a grateful sense of the important on earth. Our appeal, therefore, is just; and our services rendered by your excellency, and the claim to aid and assistance is extensive and gallant forces under your command, to the United universal. But if, reflecting on the uncertain events States, and more particularly to the state of Maryof war, and sinking under the gloomy prospect of land, beg leave to wait upon your excellency, and public affairs, from the divisions and contests un happily existing in the great councils of the nation, any apprehensions should have been excited in our breasts with respect to the issue of the American war, we humbly hope it cannot, even by the most illiberal, be imputed to us as an abate ment of our unshaken loyalty to our most gracious sovereign, or of our unalterable predilection in favor of the British nation and government, whom may God long protect and preserve, if, in conse. quence thereof, we thus humbly implore that your majesty, and the parliament, would be graciously pleased, in the tenderness of our fears, and in pity to our distresses, to solicit, by your ambassadors at the courts of foreign sovereigns, the aid of such powerful and good allies, as to your majesty and parliament, in your great wisdom and discretion, may seem meet. Or if such a measure should in any manner be thought incompatible with the dignity and interest of our sovereign and the nation, we most humbly and ardently supplicate and entreat, that, by deputies or ambassadors, nominat. ed and appointed by your majesty's suffering Ame. rican loyalists, they may be permitted to solicit and obtain from other nations that interference, aid and alliance, which, by the blessing of Almighty God, may, in the last fatal and ultimate extreme, save and deliver us, his majesty's American loyalists, who, we maintain, in every one of the colonies, compose a great majority of the inhabitants, and those too the first in point of opulence and conse. quence, from the ruinous system of congressional And we beg leave also, amidst the general joy independence and republican tyranny, detesting diffused by the birth of a Dauphin of France, to rebellion as we do, and preferring a subjection to congratulate your excellency on that auspiciou

And, permit us, sir, on this occasion, to observe, that when the distresses of this country rendered an application to the French nation for assistance necessary, the wisdom of your sovereign pointed out your excellency as the grand instrument to assist in our salvation; and, with gratitude, we remark, that the objects of your appointment have been fully answered, and the events that have taken place, since your happy arrival in America, and in which you acted so distinguished a part, fully evince the propriety of your sovereign's choice, and the magnanimity of his intentions towards us-for we have seen a British army, numerous and well appointed, become prisoners of war to the united exertions of the combined armies of France and America—an event that was considerably accelerat

ed by the great experience and military talents of your excellency, and the valor of the officers and soldiers under your command, and which, we trust, will tend eventually to the establishment of the rights and liberties of this country, the purposes for which you have so generously drawn your sword.

I flatter myself that they will maintain, with you, that good understanding, and harmony of sentiments, which we have been happy enough to ex

event; and it is our fervent wish and prayers, that he may long live to tread the footsteps of his illustrious father, in being the friend of the dis tressed, and the advocate for the liberties of man-perience, till now, from your fellow-citizens in the kind.

different states. LE CTE DE ROCHAMBEAU.

ANNAPOLIS, August 15, 1782.

In hopes that your excellency will enjoy health and happiness, while you reside among us, and on On Saturday last arrived in this city, on a visit return to your native country, may you be rewarded to our governor, his excellency Count Rochambeau, by your sovereign, in proportion to your merits and commander in chief of the auxiliary army in the services-we remain, with sentiments of gratitude United States, accompanied by the Count Dillon, and esteem, on behalf of the merchants of Balti-and several other French officers of distinction, and more, your excellency's most obedient servants, on Monday morning set out on his return to Balti

To his excellency COUNT ROCHAMBEAU, commander in chief of the auxiliary army in the United States. The address of the governor and council of the state of Maryland.

ANNAPOLIS, August 11, 1782. SIR-It is with singular pleasure, that the executive of Maryland embrace the opportunity afforded by your arrival in this city, of offering your excellency every mark of esteem and respect.

To the merchants of the town of Baltimore. GENTLEMEN-The intentions of the king, my master, towards his faithful allies, being that his Accept, sir, our warmest thanks for the distinauxlliary troops should not only protect the liber. guished part you sustained in the reduction of ties of the United States, but watch over their York; to the wisdom of your counsels, the vigour commercial interests, as often and as much as it of your conduct, the bravery of the troops under would be in their power, I have felt a peculiar your command, and to the judicious exertions of pleasure to have been able to render some ser- the Count de Grasse, the success obtained by the vices to your state: The noblest reward for me is, without doubt, the approbation of such a respectable body of citizens.

The praises which you are pleased to bestow on my conduct, and that of the officers and soldiers under my command, are due, in a great measure, to his excellency general Washington, and his army, to whose exertions we have had the honor to co-operate, in the reduction of the British army at York-Town.

allied army is, in a great degree, to be attributed.

We are happy to assure your excellency, that the people of this state, deeply interested in every event which can promote the felicity of your illustrious monarch, or his kingdom, received, with the most lively demonstrations of joy, the account of the birth of a Dauphin: That the young prince may emulate the virtues, and inherit the dominions of his royal father, and that the union, founded on the most generous equality, and cemented by the blood of both nations, may endure forever, is our My sovereign will certainly be impressed with fervent wish; the incidents of war have only more a grateful sense of the general joy which has been strongly united our affections, and we doubt not, diffused among the people of all ranks in the Unit- that the ancient spirit of France, with her numerous ed States, upon the birth of an heir to his king-resources, will soon humble the pride of our comdom. I shall not fail to make him acquainted with your patriotic and generous wishes.

mon enemy.

The ready protection afforded by your excellency

I embrace with pleasure, gentlemen, this oc- to the commerce of Maryland, demands our grate. casion, to render you my sincere thanks for the readiness with which you have taken in your houses our staff-officers and others, whose duty and station renders the convenience of a house absolutely ne cessary to them.

ful acknowledgments; the decorum and exemplary discipline observed by your troops, on their march through the state, have given entire satisfaction to our citizens; our duty and inclination will prompt us to do every thing in our power for their con

venience; and we request your excellency to com- into grateful recollection the fathers of our inde. municate to the generals and other officers of your pendence: those to whom (under God) we are in

army, the high sense we entertain of their merit, and the affection and regard we have for their per. Bons and characters.

In behalf of the executive,

THOMAS S. LEE. To his excellency the governor, and the honorable council of the state of Maryland.

ANNAPOLIS, August 11, 1782.

debted for our political existence and salvation. A short eulogium upon them, their merits, and their honors, will be the subject of the present discourse; for what more happy subject can be chosen on this day, than the great authors of our liberty? they! who "digged it out with their swords!" who, in the grim face of death, amidst perils innumerable, gave the purchase of their blood-who built it upon their tombs, and whose spirits, bending from the sky, point with pleasure to its foun. dation. But where am I? Fairy scenes open around me, and I seem to press the ground of enchantment. Behold yon vast structure, which towers to the If we have been happy enough to contribute to very heavens! Is it not cemented with blood, and wards the success of their arms, under our com-built upon the slaughtered carcase of many a galmander in chief, his excellency general Washing-lant soldier? on its broad front, AMERICAN INton, we receive the most flattering marks of ap-DEPENDENCE shines conspicuous, in characters probation, by the very cordial reception the French of crimson!-surrounding nature appears animated! army meet with from all the inhabitants of this the very tombs accost the traveller, and seemingly

I am very sensible of the marks of friendship and affection that I receive from his excellency the governor, and the honorable council of the state of Maryland.

state.

The great joy and interests they have been pleased to show, on account of the birth of the Dauphin, will, undoubtedly, be very agreeable to the king my master; he will be equally flattered at the warmth with which the state of Maryland support their alliance, and wish it to be lasting.

The strict discipline of the troops, is the least mark of gratitude that we could give to a state from which we receive so many proofs of attachment and friendship.

I have the honor to be, your obedient and most
Lumble servant,

LE COMPTE DE ROCHAMBEAU.
EXTRACTS FROM AN ORATION

repeat

"How beautiful is death when earn'd by virtue!
Who would not sleep with those? what pity is it
That we can die but once to save our country!"

Add. Cato.

The eventful history of our great revolution, is pregnant with many a source of sublime astonish. ment! Succeeding ages shall turn the historic page, and catch inspiration from the era of 1776; they shall bow to the rising glory of America; and Rome, once mistress of the world, shall fade on their remembrance.

The commencement of our struggles, their pro、 gress, and their periods, will furnish a useful lesson to posterity-they will teach them that menDelivered before his excellency the governor of desperate for freedom-united in virtue-and asSouth Carolina, and a number of other gentlemen,sisted by the God of armies, can never be subdued. on Monday, the fourth of July, 1785, being the The youthful warrior-the rising politician, will celebration of American independence-by the

late Dr. Ladd.

"Tell ye your children of it, and let your children tell their chil dren, and their children another generation."

tremble at the retrospect, and turn pale at the amazing story. America-the infant America, all defenceless as she is, is invaded by a most powerful nation; her plains covered by disciplined armies, her harbors crowded with hostile fleets. Destitute of arms; destitute cf ammunition; with no discipline but their virtue, and no general but THEIR GOD, behold our brave countrymen arising to resistance —see the first encroachments of hostility withstood history in crimson, and margin it with black, for at Lexington; and O Britain! write that page of thy thy troops filed!-routed with stones, with clubs, When we consider this as the natal anniversary and every ignominious weapon-they fled from of our infant empire, we shall ever be led to call our women; they were defeated by our children.

A prophet divinely inspired, and deeply impres sed, with the importance of an event which had just taken place, breaks into this exclamationan exclamation happily adapted to the present occasion; tending to perpetuate the remembrance of an event which is written upon the heart of every true American-every friend to his country.