The Invention of Capitalism: Classical Political Economy and the Secret History of Primitive AccumulationDuke University Press, 2000/05/03 - 424 ページ The originators of classical political economy—Adam Smith, David Ricardo, James Steuart, and others—created a discourse that explained the logic, the origin, and, in many respects, the essential rightness of capitalism. But, in the great texts of that discourse, these writers downplayed a crucial requirement for capitalism’s creation: For it to succeed, peasants would have to abandon their self-sufficient lifestyle and go to work for wages in a factory. Why would they willingly do this? Clearly, they did not go willingly. As Michael Perelman shows, they were forced into the factories with the active support of the same economists who were making theoretical claims for capitalism as a self-correcting mechanism that thrived without needing government intervention. Directly contradicting the laissez-faire principles they claimed to espouse, these men advocated government policies that deprived the peasantry of the means for self-provision in order to coerce these small farmers into wage labor. To show how Adam Smith and the other classical economists appear to have deliberately obscured the nature of the control of labor and how policies attacking the economic independence of the rural peasantry were essentially conceived to foster primitive accumulation, Perelman examines diaries, letters, and the more practical writings of the classical economists. He argues that these private and practical writings reveal the real intentions and goals of classical political economy—to separate a rural peasantry from their access to land. This rereading of the history of classical political economy sheds important light on the rise of capitalism to its present state of world dominance. Historians of political economy and Marxist thought will find that this book broadens their understanding of how capitalism took hold in the industrial age. |
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... Workers needed employment and employers wanted workers. In reality, of course, the underlying process was far from voluntary. As Foucault (1979, 222) argues: Historically, the process by which the bourgeoisie became the politi- cally ...
... Workers needed employment and employers wanted workers. In reality, of course, the underlying process was far from voluntary. As Foucault (1979, 222) argues: Historically, the process by which the bourgeoisie became the politi- cally ...
18 ページ
... workers were even impris- oned for this crime ( Marx 1977 , 375–76n ) . Piety , however , also had its limits . The same worker might be charged with breach of contract should he prefer to attend church on the Sabbath rather than report ...
... workers were even impris- oned for this crime ( Marx 1977 , 375–76n ) . Piety , however , also had its limits . The same worker might be charged with breach of contract should he prefer to attend church on the Sabbath rather than report ...
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... Workers at the time generally understood the strategic importance of measures to foster primitive accumulation . In this spirit , Thomas Spence , a courageous working - class advocate , pro- claimed that “ it is childish . . . to expect ...
... Workers at the time generally understood the strategic importance of measures to foster primitive accumulation . In this spirit , Thomas Spence , a courageous working - class advocate , pro- claimed that “ it is childish . . . to expect ...
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... workers from their means of production converts them into wage workers " ( ibid . , 293 ) . We must read this letter in its politi- cal context . Marx was upset that Mikhailovsky was attempting to use the chapter on primitive ...
... workers from their means of production converts them into wage workers " ( ibid . , 293 ) . We must read this letter in its politi- cal context . Marx was upset that Mikhailovsky was attempting to use the chapter on primitive ...
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... workers from the means of production was a nec- essary historical event for the establishment of capitalism . In short , prim- itive accumulation was an essential component of what Engels ( 1894 , 217 ) called the " great division of ...
... workers from the means of production was a nec- essary historical event for the establishment of capitalism . In short , prim- itive accumulation was an essential component of what Engels ( 1894 , 217 ) called the " great division of ...
目次
1 | |
13 | |
25 | |
3 Primitive Accumulation and the Game Laws | 38 |
4 The Social Division of Labor and Household Production | 59 |
5 Elaborating the Model of Primitive Accumulation | 92 |
6 The Dawn of Political Economy | 124 |
7 Sir James Steuarts Secret History of Primitive Accumulation | 139 |
10 Adam Smith and the Ideological Role of the Colonies | 229 |
11 Benjamin Franklin and the Smithian Ideology of Slavery and Wage Labor | 254 |
Classical Political Economy versus the Working Class | 280 |
13 The Counterattack | 321 |
14 Notes on Development | 352 |
Conclusion | 369 |
References | 371 |
Index | 407 |
8 Adam Smiths Charming Obfuscation of Class | 171 |
9 The Revisionist History of Professor Adam Smith | 196 |
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Adam Smith agriculture American analysis Bentham bourgeoisie Britain British Cambridge Cantillon capital capitalist development century chapter cited classical political economy colonies commercial commodity production concern consumption Corn Laws countryside cultivation dependent division of labor economists edited employers employment Engels England English Essays example factory farm farmers feudal forces Franklin Game Laws garden gentry Gourlay grain household production Hume hunting ibid ideological importance industry Ireland Irish John Kelley labor power land Lenin less London Malthus manufactures Marx Marx's McCulloch means ment modern Narodniks nature noted observed peasants petit bourgeoisie Petty Physiocrats poor population poverty primitive accumulation profits Review Ricardo role rural Scotland Scottish seems self-provisioning self-sufficient Sir James Steuart slavery slaves small-scale Smithian social division social relations society subsistence surplus value theory tion Torrens trade traditional University Press wage labor Wakefield Wealth of Nations William workers writings wrote York