broken study, has of late been felt even at the work bench, and the plough. What mysterious connexion, what secret analogy there is between stitching shoes and making verses, we are at a loss to discover; but certain it is, that the cobler's stall has lately been remarkably fruitful of poets. Our own country is not without her claims to a share in the honour which England may assume from this fecundity in "self-taught bards ;" and Mr. Hitchcock, the author of the book, whose title we have just quoted, is to be the supporter of our renown. Our bard, we must acknowledge, is yet unfledged, and indeed has scarcely broken his shell; but we doubt not that if he should be warmed by the incubation of some American Capel Loftt, he will hereafter rise on as strong a wing, and sustain as daring a flight as either of the Bloomfields.

We have the following account of Mr. Hitchcock prefixed to the

volume.

David Hitchcock, the author of the following poem, was born at Bethlem, county of Litchfield, state of Connecticut, in the year 1773. His father, who was an honeft and induftrious fhoemaker, after being reduced by a series of misfortunes, to the lowest state of poverty and wretchednefs, died in the year 1790; leaving fix children, of whom our author was the eldest, and a weakly and bereaved widow, dependent upon the world for protection and fupport. His inability to educate his children will readily be perceived; but as the eldest discovered an early disposition to learn, he fpared no pains to gratify it, both by instructing him and feading him to school, (when want of money or cloathing did not prevent) from the fifth to the thirteenth year of his age. By these small materials our author acquired enough of the rudiments of learning to enable him to make further improvements by his own application, at fubfequent periods of his life. ›Some of his first productions were para

phrafes on the thirty-ninth Pfalm, the latter part of the firft chapter of Luke, and others of a ferious complexion. Thefe he compofed principally in the night, while watching with his father in his laft fickness.

In the 26th year of his age he married; and though he may be ground more clofe by penury on this account, ftill be enjoys peace and contentment, and has the addition of three children to his family, upon which he doats almost as much as the opulent do upon their riches.

Such has been the origin and progrefs (to the thirty-fecond year of his age) of a man, who struggling under all the dif advantages of want of education, indigence, obfcurity, and the contumely of the world, has produced, by the aftonifhing efforts of his genius, the following Foem, befides a number of smaller pieces of a fatirical caft.

It cannot be expected that we should undertake either a criticism or analysis of this production. It is an essay, in eight-syllable metre, on Religion, Politicks, and Morals, which the author put into the mouth of Plato; and, though his style is hardly such as the Gods would adopt, if they should visit the earth, yet as every man possesses some rank in intellectual dignity, whose mind is superiour to his circumstances,this writer's merit must be admitted,and his poetry endured.

The author has a right to one

extract.

While Phœbus from the human race
Hid the bright splendour of his face,
And from the feat of darkness hurl'd
A fable mantle o'er the world :
While men from toil, repose obtain'd,
And univerfal filence reign'd;
The ghost of an immortal fage,
Who flourish'd in the Grecian age,
Sudden into my prefence brake,
And thus the radiant vision spoke :-

Stranger, forbear, be not difmay'd;
I'm Plato's once departed fhade;
Who from celestial spheres recede,
The righteous cause of heaven to plead ;
And clear its juftice, truth, and grace
From the afperfions of your race.

O'er earth, where'er a God is known, Mankind, their destiny bemoan ;

They all fome fpecious pretext frame, To tax kind Providence with blame; Each think the Deity they ferve, Chaftifes more than they deferve; And that their fufferings here below, Are one defpotick scene of woe. In Christian land, where gospel light Illumes the intellectual fight, Oft have I heard your race repine, 'That they're abus'd by power divine ; That they're deprived of happiness, Because their parents did amifs : That their existence here below Is but a pilgrimage of woe. For which the hapless race of men Are fubject to disease, and pain; And when their days on earth are past, Muft feel the pangs of death at last: That fince the first unrighteous deed, Mankind through every age must bleed; And be clandestinely devour'd By famine, peftilence and sword : That man, had it not been for this, Had revell'd in eternal bliss; And free from fickness, death, or pain, Would now in paradise remain; That fince their fire was thus derang'd, The laws of nature have been chang'd; And counterwork their priftine plan, To fcourge the feeble race of man; Whence they're to every woe betray'd. For crimes which they could not evade: Oft they enquire the cause they've given, Thus to be made the fport of heaven; And why its vengeance should affail A race fo impotent and frail.

THE object of this little work is to give a bird's-eye view of the ge ography,statisticks, &c. of the United States of America. In the following extract we have the design of the author.

This compend, in which nothing more than a sketch can be given of the geography, and exifting state of the united territories, is divided into two parts: the first contains a general account of the foils, climates, winds, mountains, lakes, rivers, bays, capes, mines, and minerals; and the fecond, confifting of eighteen geographical and statistical tables, comprifes a brief view of the extent and population of the whole empire, as well as of the individual states, their trade and

fhipping, conftitutions and military force, revenues and expenditures.

As far as we have examined, the work appears accurate, and will be found particularly useful to a traveller through the country.

NEW WORKS.

Trial of Samuel Chase, an affociate juftice of the supreme court of the United States, impeached by the house of reprefentatives, for high crimes and mildemeanors, before the fenate of the United States. Taken in fhort hand, by Samuel H. Smith and Thomas Lloyd. In two large octavo volumes-Vol. 2, in boards, price, to fubfcribers, 4 dols. and a half, and to non-fubfcribers 5 dols. Wathington. S. H. Smith.

An inaugural Effay on the different theories that have been advanced on the

fubject of the proximate caufe of conception in the human female. By Daniel Newcomb, A. B. of Keene, N. H. member of the Philadelphia Medical Society. 8vo. pp. 32. Philadelphia, John H. Ofwald.

Twelve Letters addressed to Rev. Samuel Austin, A. M. in which his vindication of partial washing for Chriftian Baptifm, contained in Ten Letters, is reviewed and difproved. By Daniel Merrill, A.M. paftor of the church of Chrift in Sedgwick. 12mo. pp. 96. Poston, Manning & Loring.

A new Map of the United States of America, including part of Louifiana. Drawn from the latest authorities; revised and corrected by Ofgood Carlton, Efq. teacher of mathematicks in Boston. 6 dols. in sheets to fubfcribers. Boston. John Sullivan jun.

A Speech, delivered in congress, on the 15th April, 1806. While the house, in committee of the whole, were difcuffing the bill for fortifying the ports and harbours of the United States. By Jofiah Quincy, Esq. member of congrefs from Massachusetts. 8vo. Bofton, printed by Ruffell & Cutler. 1806.

Eight Difcourfes on Baptifm. pp. 156. Boston. D. Carlisle.

12mo.

A difcourfe delivered in trinity church, in Newport, on thurfday 27th November, 1805, an appointed day of publiek thanksgiving and praife. By Theodore Dehon, A. M. rector of Trinity Church. Published by particular desire. Newport, R. L. 1806.

An addrefs on Mufic, delivered to the First Baptist Singing Society, Boston, on the evening of the 15th May inft. By Ferdinand Ellis, A. M. Boston.

NEW EDITIONS.

Volume I. part I. of The New Cyclopædia, or Univerfal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. To be completed in 20 vols. quarto. By Abraham Rees, D. D. F. R. S. Editor of the laft edition of Chamber's Dictionary ;-with the afliftance of eminent profeffional gentlemen. Illuftrated with new plates, including maps, engraved for the work, by fome of the most diftinguished artists. The whole improved and adapted to this country, by gentlemen of known abilities, by whofe aid it will be rendered the most complete work of this kind that has yet appeared. Price of each half vol. to fubfcribers 3 dols. Philadelphia, Bradford. - A treatise on the Diseases of Child-, ren, and management of Infants from the Birth. By Michael Underwood, M. D. Licentiate in Midwifery, of the Royal College of Phyficians in London, &c. &c. Second American from the fixth London edition. 8vo. pp.270. Boston. D.West.

Reflections on the Rife and Fall of the ancient Republicks,adapted to the prefent ftate of Great Britain. By Edward W. Montague, jun. 12mo. pp. 336. Philadelphia. C. P. Wayne.

IN THE PRESS.

Walker's Critical Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language, Vol. III. No. 5. 2K

From the third London edition; containing the last improvements and corrections of the author. 1 vol. 8vo. New York. S. Stanbury & co.

The 2d vol. of Judge Cain's Report. New York, Riley & Co.

Powell on Devices. 1 vol. 8vo. New York, Riley & Co.

Part 3d of Cain's New York Term Reports, which completes the 3d vol. New York, Riley & Co.

Elements of geometry, containing the first fix books of Euclid, with a supplement on the quadrature of the circle, and the geometry of folids. By John Playfair, F. R. S. Edin. profeffor of mathematicks in the university of Edinburgh. Price 2 dols. Philadelphia.

A new work entitled Elenora, by Mifs Pilkinton. New York, Riley & Co.

The Enchanted Lake, a beautiful poem, tranflated from the Italian, by Richard Alfop, Efq. New York, Riley & Co.

A Portraiture of Quakerifm, taken from a view of the education and difcipline, focial manners, civil and political economy, religious principles and character of the fociety of Friends. By Thomas Clarkfon, A. M. author of feveral elays on the flave trade. 3 vols. 8vo. To fubfcribers 5 dols a fet, bound; coarse copies 3 dols. New York. Stanfbury.

Charnock's Life of Admiral Nelfon. 1 vol. 8vo. New York, Riley & Co.

PREPARING FOR THE PRESS.

A celebrated work entitled, The Civil History of Chili,tranflated from theItalian of the abbe Molina. 2 vols. 8vo. with plates. New York, Riley & Co.

INTELLIGENCE.

Brifban & Brannan have just put to prefs, and will publish by the first of June, a highly interesting work, entitled, "Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Richard Cumberland," with Anecdotes of many of the principal characters during his time We haveperufed the above work with fenfible pleasure. In point of intereft it is little inferior to Bofwell's Life of Johnson, in point of style it is very far above it. In iffuing this edition, Meffrs. Brisban and Brannan will make a valuable prefent to the American public, and we have no doubt will find themfelves handfomely remunerated. We know

not the work of a late date which we think will be fo popular.-N.Y. Ev. Poft.

David Hitchcock, author of the Shade of Plato," and the " Knight and Quack," is preparing another work for the prefs.

STATEMENT OF DISEASES, From the 20th of April to the 20th of May. 'FHE weather during the latter part of April was generally cool and the winds from the north-eaft. They have bought us but little of the vernal mildness; for although the fky has fearce been covered with a cloud, yet chilling breezes from the caft have reigned almost uninteruptedly. The month, on the whole, has beca remarkable for its coolnefs and drynels.

Pneumonie inflammation has been quite a common difeale, during the paft month. In many cafes the attack has been violent; but has foon yeilded to the vigorous application of remedies, and without much lfs of blood: As far as our obfervations and information relative to this difeafe have extended, the treatment

of it, during the past season, has been ve ry fuccefsful, and the lancet has been rather unfrequently employed. Numerous rheumatic affections have appeared this month. Fever has been very common, especially among children. The invafion of this difeafe has been generally fudden and fevere, but of short duration. Thofe chronic affections of the lungs,which have exifted tome time, have been much aggravated during this month, and new ones have appeared.

Small pox has again fhown itself; andin the centre of the most populous part of the town. The early removal of the ps tient prevented the infection being communicated for this time. Vaccination is very widely diffused through the town. Scarcely have there ever exifted fo many cafes at one time, as at present.

THE BILL.

BE it enacted, &c. That from and after the palage of this act, if any foreign amballadur, minister, or other perfor, entitled to enjoy within the U. S. the privileges and immunities of a foreign minifter, thall commit any violation of the municipal laws; which, if coinmitted by a perlon amenable to the ordinary judicial authori ty of the place, where fuch ambailador, minitter, or other perfon, may be at the time of committing fuch offence, would be indictable by a grand jury, and punithable by death, by corporal punith nent, or by imprisonment or contininent to labour, the prefident of the US. upon application made to him by the executive authority of the itate or territory where fach offence may be commited, or upon the complaint to him of any perfon injured or aggrieved by fuch offence fo committed, and upon proof of the facts, fatisfac tory to the faid prefident, being furnished to him in fupport of fuch application or complaint, Aail be, and hereby is autherifed to demand of the fovereign of the faid offending ambaffador, minifter, of other perfon, juftice upon the offender, and reparation to any perfon or perfons thus injured or aggrieved; and in cafe of the refufal or neglect of the faid fovereign to comply with fuch demand for justice and reparation, the prefident of the U. S is hereby further authoried to order fich ambatiador, minifter, or other perfon to offending, to depart from the U. S. and the territories thereof; or to fend him home to his fovereign, according to the aggravation of the offence, and at his the faid prefdent's difcretion.

Sec. 2. That from and after the paff ge of this act, if any foreign ambafador, minister, or other perfon entitled to enjoy within the U. S the privileges and iminunities of a foreign minister, fhall within the U. S. or the territories thereof commit any act of hoftility or enter into any confpiFacy against the government of the U. S. or fhall

perfonally infult or treat with difrespect the Preident of the U. S. for the time being, the faid Prefident thall be, and is hereby authorifed, at his difcretion, to order the faid ambafador, minister or other perfon fo offending, to withdraw from the feat of government and the territory of Columbia, or to depart from the U. S. and the territories thereof; and in cafe of refufal or neglect by fuch abaffader, minitter, or other perfon as aforefaid, to obey fuch order within a reafonabic time, of which the faid prefident fhall judge, the faid prefidens thall be, and is hereby further authorised to fend the faid anbaffador, minifter, or other perfon as aforefaid, home to his fovereign; and in either cafe to demand of the faid fovereign, the punishment of fuch offending ambassader, minifter, or other perfon as aforefud, according to the nature and aggravation of the offence; and conformable to the laws of nations.

sec. 3. That in every cafe, when the prefident of the U. S. hall, under the authority of this act, order any foreign ambaffagor, minifter, or other perfon entitled to enjoy within the U. S. the privileges and immunities of a foreign minifter, to withdraw from the feat of government and the territory of Columbia; or to depart from the U.S. and the territories thereof; or fhall fend any fuch offending ambasador, minifter, or other perfon as aforefaid, home to his fovereign the faid prefident thall, in the order given to fuch ambaflador, minifter, or other perfon as aforefaid, to depart, or to withdraw, fignify the offence upon which fuch order fhall be founded; and shall affign to the fovereign of the faid ambaflador, minster, or other perfon as aforefaid, the reafons for which fuch order thall have been given, er for which the faid ambaffador, minifter, or other perfon as aforefaid, fhall be fent home; particularly fpecifying that fuch proceedings are not on account of any national differences, but on account of the perfonal misconduct of fuch ambafador, minifter, or other perfon as aforefaid,

Monday, March 3, 1806.

MR. ADAMS

THERE are two points of view, Mr. President, in which it appears to me to be important that the provisions of this bill should be considered: The one, as they relate to the laws of nations; and the other, as they regard the constit tion of the United States. From both these sources have arisen in ducements, combining to produce Conviction upon my mind of the propriety, and indeed the necessity of some measure, similar in principle to that which I have had the honour to propose. I shall take the liberty to state them in their turns; endeavouring to keep them as distinct from each other, as the great and obvious difference of their character requires, and that their combination on this occasion may appear in the striking light, which may render it the most effectual.

By the laws of nations a foreign minister is entitled, not barely to the general security and protection which the laws of every civilized people extend to the subjects of other nations residing among them he is indulged with many privileges of a high and uncommon nature; with many exemptions from the operation of the laws of the country where he resides,and among others with a general exemption from the jurisdiction of the judicial courts, both civil and criminal. This immunity is, in respect to the criminal jurisdiction, without limitation; and an ambassador, tho guilty of the most aggravated crimes which the heart of man can conceive, or his hand commit, cannot be punished for them by the tribunals of the sovereign with whom He resides. Should he conspire

or government of the state, no jury of his peers can there convict him of treason. Should he point the dagger of assassination to the heart of a citizen, he cannot be put to plead for the crime of murder. În these respects he is considered as the subject not of the state to which he is sent, but of the state which sent him, and the only punishment which can be inflicted on his crimes is left to the justice of his master.

In a republican government, like that under which we have the happiness to live, this exemption is not enjoyed by any individual of the nation itself, however exalt ed in rank or station. It is our pride and glory that all are equal in the eyes of the law: that, however adorned with dignity, or armed with power, no man, owing allegiance to the majesty of the nation, can skreen himself from the vindictive arm of her justice; yet even the nations whose internal constitutions are founded upon this virtuous and honourable principle of equal and universal rights, have like all the rest submitted to this great and extraordinary exception. In order to account for so singular a deviation from principles in every other respect deemed of the highest moment and of the most universal application, we must enquire into the reasons which have induced all the nations of the civilized world to this broad departure from the fundamental maxims of their government.

The most eminent writers on the laws of nations have at different times assigned various reasons for this phenomenon in politicks and morals. It has sometimes been said to rest upon fictions of law. The reasoning has been thus; every sovereign prince is independent of all others and as