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of prey.

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A Trip to Paris in August' and September 1815. [Aug. 1, and when, after so short a space as a few governments of all his neighbours, and months, you spurn at this clemency, nay, exercise bis dominion over all of them; treat it as the effect of fear, and array and whenever any potentate, either in yourselves again under the standard of the south or in the north, shall appear ihe obnoxious chief, have you a right to have adopted that system, it will be again to appeal to a declaration of the the right and the duty or all the rest to Allied Sovereigns, by which, in the first unite, and to hunt him clown like a beast instance, they were desirous to make a distinction in favour of the greater part “ Your English ininisters," observed of your nation, as having been in a state another Frenchman, " ought to erect on of coercion under a military chief and the highest mountain in Scotland a tembis army?"-"But why," they say, "raise ple to the God of Frost and Snow, to such a cry against us and our military whom they are indebted for their succonquests? have not the Allied Sove- cess more than to their own abilities."reigns or their predecessors done the Non robis Domine! ought certainly to same when they had the opportunity? be sung with a most cordial feeling and Look at Polanolook at Finland-taken conviction on the present occasion by by force of arins, without any proroca- the saccessiul Allies; who, however great tion, we will admit by compulsion, the merit of their exertions to profit by from a king for being the last who perse- the favourable crisis, will no doubt asvered in the field against the man and cribe all their success to the great Author the cause lield in abhorrence by the nio- of Nature, who alone could produce this narch who overwhelmed and despoiled crisis; and if the French, on their side, this last champion that stood up against would seek in the justice of that samé it on the Continent: and when the com- Being the cause of their overthrow, it pulsion ceases, Fimland is still retained, would perhaps foron the best basis of a and another power despoiled of an an- cordial union among all the parties.cient part of its dominions to serve as Some future historian will perhaps disan equivalent."

cover and trace a resemblance in the These are strong points. As to the features of the present times to those of conduct of the three neighbours of Po- the Ruforipation. At that period reliland, it is to be hoped that the extreme gious interests bad, as political interests humiliation to which they have felt at the present day, long termented in themselves reduced, will be considered the minds of men, producing crisis by them as an evidence that there is it by which, as the plıysical body is affected Supreme Governor over kings and na- by a fever, so the body politic becomes tions, who will sooner or later take ven- violently convulsed. geance for such fagrant infractions of (To be concluded in our nert.) the immutable laws of justice between men and between nations. As to the MR. EDITOR, seizing, and more particularly the retain- THE suhjoined account of the coning, of Finland, pudet hæc opprobria dici cluding scenes of the life of Thomas potuisse, el non potuisse refelli. That Paine was read at a public meeting some accursed measure of transferring even weeks ago by a very respectable member ancient and integral parts of a country of the Society of Friends, in my ivaring. to another sovereign, may in some cases From bis brother I procured this copy of be called for by necessity, but ought the account. I rather think that Wm. never to be resorted to except in a case Dilwyn, bis daughter, and the young of manifest vecessity. What reason, person who visited Pame and gave the what right, have sovereigns over such account to Dilwyn's dangbier are of the new, and even changing acquisitions, to same society. As almost the whole expect a cordial loyalty and affection world was injured by Paine's, trnicious from such new subjects, whilst even a principles, I hope you will not refuse to dog requires some tiine to wean hiin increase the circulation as widely as from his attachinent to his former mas possible of his recantation. Wishing ter?

you increasing and continued success, I The observation of the Frenchmen, reuain, &c.

A. B. however, amounts to no more than that other sovereigns have made, and may The following is an extract of a letter still male, encroachments upon their received by Mr. William Dilwyn, of neighbours, but that is not the present Walthamstow, Essex, from his daughter question. The question is, of a chief in America. The writer is of the most who made it his system to overturn the unquestionable respectability, and ap

1816.) Some Particulars of the last Illness of Thomas Paine. 5 pears recently to have received the in- nied him from France, lamented her sad formation stated in it from a person fate, observing, “ For this man I bave equally entitled to credit. The latter given up my family and friends, my prebad resided in a family in the near perty and religion ; judge, then, of my neighbourhood of the celebrated Thomas distress, when he tells me that the prinPaine, who resided at Greenwich, near ciples he has taught me will not bear ine New York, and during his last illness out!" had contributed to his comfort by occasionally preparing and sending him food MR. EDITOR, and refreshments more adapted to bis si- BY giving publicity to the following tuation than he usually enjoyed. These Address and Resolutions, you will essenthe informant chose to be the bearer of tially promote the best interests of bu(although bis personal circumstances manity, your uniform attention to wbich were so deplorable that the air of his has already merited and obtained to chamber could scarcely be endured) to your miscellany so large a portion of the his bedside. In performing this humane public favour. office she had the opportunities of con- I hope in a future number to reversation with him which authorise the port progress, and at no distant period writer's belief that he exhibited another to record the triumph of good sense and proof of Dr. Young's assertion, that benevolence over cruelty and oppression,

Men may live fools, but fools they by the substitution of mechanical power cannot die." The letter proceeds to say, for infant torture. WM. TOOKE. that she found him frequently writing, Bedford Row, June 17, 1816. and believed from what she saw and heard that, when bis pain permitted, he

London, June 8, 1816. was almost always so engaged, or in ADDRESS TO THE PUBLIC. prayer, in the attitude of which she more than once saw him when he thought Society for superseding the Necessity of himself alone. One day he enquired if

Climbing Boys, by encouraging a new she had ever read the “ Age of Reason,"

Method of sweeping Chimneys, and and on being answered in the affirmative

for improving the Condition of Childesired to know her opinion of that book.

dren and others employed by Chimney

Sweepers. She replied, she was but a child when she read it, and probably he would not

This society originated in February, 1803, like to know what she thought of it. in a spontaneous expression at the public Upon which he said, if old enough to

commiseration in favour of a depressed class read, she was capable of forming some

of their fellow-creatures, on the anonymous opinion, and from her he expected a

summons of a humble individual (since decandid 'statement of what that opinion liberal subscription was raised, and the in

ceased) for a general meeting, when a very had been. She then said, she thought it

stitution duly organized. the most dangerous and insinuating book

The miserable condirion of climbing boys she had ever seen; that the more she had not escaped the attention of many beneread the more sbe wished to read, and volent individuals at a previous period, as in the more she found her niind estranged 1773 inquiries were instituted, and in 1788 from all that is good; and that from a Jonas Hanway associated with other philanconviction of its evil tendency she had thropic characters in promoting a bill in Parburnt it, without knowing to whom it be- liament, admirably calculated for the prolonged.' Paine replied to this, that he tection of chimney sweepers' apprentices, and wished all who bad read had been as which passed the House of Commons; but, wise as she ; and added, " If ever the unfortunately, the most important and effidevil had an agent on earth I have been cient clauses were omitted in the House of one.” At another time when she was

Lords, and the Act of the 28th George II. in his chamber, and the master of her C. 48, as it now stands, is altogether inadefamily was sitting by his bed-side, one of quate to the object which it professes to Paine's former companions came in;

effect.

In addition to the above may be stated, but seeing them with him, hastily went

that the Society for the Encouragement of out, drawing the door after him with vio- Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, from lence, and saying, “ Mr. Paine, you time to time proposed premiums for the inhave lived like a man; I hope you will vention of mechanical means of sweeping die like one." Upon wbich, Paine, turn chimneys; but such premiums being either ing to his principal visitor, said, “ You purely honorary, or small in pecuniary see what miserable comforters I have." amount, appear not to have induced any geAn unhappy female, who had accompa- nerally practicable plan, although several

6 Society for improving the Condition of Infant Chimney Sweepers. [Aug. 1,

ingenious models and designs were brought Failing in this part of their scheme, the forward on the occasion : independent of society, of their own authority, appointed inwhich, some ingenious mechanics obtained spectors to watch the conduct of the master patents for various modes of sweeping chim chimney sweepers, and to report the number, neys, by means of an apparatus fixed either age, and treatment, of their apprentices. in the Aue, or at the top of it; but the trou- Much useful information was thus obtained, ble, inconvenience, and expense of such and the condition of the boys considerably plans, occasioned their being neglected by ameliorated by the strict eye thus kept upon the public.

their masters; but the result only confirmed The act became a dead letter, and the in- the opinion of the society of the radical evil ventions remained unapplied.

of the trade in question ; the great proportion Such was the state of things when this of men carrying on which are entirely insociety commenced its operations, which solvent, and derive a bare and wretched sub. had the two-fold object set forth in its title, sistence from the premature exertions of inboth of which it endeavoured to accomplish. fants, who are themselves principally sup

1st. By proposing a premium of two hun ported by casual charity. dred pounds for the best practical machine, Under these circumstances, and with such with lesser premiums for those of inferior masters to deal with, the society in vain ai. utility.

tempted to conciliate their aid in adopting 2ud. By promoting a bill in parliament the machines, which, by every means in to supply the deficiences in the existing one, the power of the trade, and particularly by and making more effectual provisions for the intervention of the servants in many fathe same purpose.

milies, they succeeded in rendering obnoxiThe first object was accomplished by the ous, or so misused them as to bring them machine invented by Mr. George Smart, into discredit, and the society at length found who received a premium, and was further that the machines they had gratuitously besanctioned by the honorary medal of the stowed on the chimney sweepers, and the Society of Arts; which machine, the expe- pecuniary aid furnished to many, had been rience of 12 years has proved to be successful actually the means of materially counter. in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred; and acting the object of the society. that hundredth may, by means either of an The difficulty now arose, an:1 has not yet aperture, * or fixed apparatus in the flue, be been altogether surmounted, of introducing effcctually cleansed, and therefore the climb. a new trade to the public, and of finding out ing boy may, in every case, be dispensed and teaching men who would undertake it. with.

Of the latter, a short list is subjoined, which It may here be necessary to observe, that it is the object of the present appeal to inthe machine in question is worked from be. crease, by inducing housekeepers in general low, requires no fixed apparatus whatever, to determine upon the use of the machine, and the operation is attended with little ex- and, in the first instance, or occasionally, of pense, and less dirt than when effected in seeing to the application of it themselves,and the usual method by common climbing boys. to be indulgent in case of delay, or such

Until, however, the machine could be other inconvenience as may occur, from the more generally known and adopted, the so- want of experience in the operator, in the ciety conceived it their duty to proceed upon selection and recommendation of whom the the second part of their object; and accord- society use every precaution, and who will ingly procured a very sufficient bill to be necessarily improve by practice and encoubrought into Parliament, which passed the ragement in the use of the machine. House of Commons without any opposition, For the benefit of provincial towns, and but was rejected on the third reading in the the environs of London, the society continue House of Lords, after a very considerable ex- to supply the machine at a moiety of the pense had been incurred respecting it. expence, the whole amount of which is from

three to five pounds, and several noblemen In the very few cases in which Smart's and gentlemen have been induced to order machine cannot be used, an ingenious plan them, at their own charge, for the use of has been suggested, of making a door, or their mansions. shutter, in that part of the flue which is A highly important but incidental advanagainst the loft of the house, into which the tage attending the machine, is its great utility machine may be sent the short way upwards, in extinguishing fires in chimneys, which and the usual expedient adopted of dropping has been most completely effected by it in a weight and brush downwards; thus obvi- very many instances; as by sending it up the ating the necessity and damage occasioned flue when on fire, with wet cloths tied round by going upon the roof, and being free from the brush, it has invariably succeeded, and risk of disturbing the family, or making any would thus, in most cases, save the trouble dirt in the inhabited apartments. The only and expence of engines. precaution requisite on the occasion would Some of the fire-offices have had machines be to floor or board the narrow path required for this purpose ; but it would be most desifrom the trap or loft door to the wall or flue. table that one should be deposited in some 1816.] Society for improving the condition of Infant Chimney Sweepers. 7 ascertained situation in each parish, where it completely succeeded in introducing the mecould be instantly obtained when required. chanical method of cleansing flues, and

The society have likewise felt it their duty thereby abolishing the practice of sweeping to apprise churchwardens and overseers of chimneys by climbing boys, yet they trust the poor, and superintendants of public insti- they have lessened the number of its victims, tutions, of the advantage and propriety of and the sufferings of those enıployed in it; having a machine, to be worked by sume of and that, independently of the instances the paupers or convalescents in workhouses where their interference has been evidently and hospitals, for cleansing the flues and useful, in many others, cruelty has been chimnies of those large buildings, which checked, and oppression overawed, by the would thus afford useful employment, and mere knowledge of the existence of such a soon repay the cost of the machine, by saving society. When to its utility in these respects the chimney-sweeper's charge, and by the they can add, that at their earnest instance, sool, which obtains a high price as manure. the officers of several parishes in the neighIt is a fact but little known, that the prac

bourhood of the metropolis have mostly ceastice of employing climbing boys is of little ed to apprentice boys to this inhuman traffic, more than a century's duration in this coun- (a trade which, by its pernicious and slavish try, that it has been introduced only within habits, and its hostility to all improvement the last twenty years at Edinburgh, and the both of body and mind, either destroys its society segret to find, that, during the same victims in childhood, or renders them useless period, it has been gaining ground in some of 10 society in riper years) it is hoped that those the principal cities of the United States of benevolent persons who have hitherto affordAmerica, while, (with the exception of Paris, ed the society their support, will continue where it is partially adopted) the practice is their benefactions; and that others to whom wholly unknown on the continent of Eu- it has as yet been unknown, will contribute sope.

to an institution, which has for its purpose The society must refer to their annual re- the abolition of a custom, that, to use the ports for a more detailed account of their pro- language of a respected character, “it is a ceedings for effecting the object of their insti- disgrace to tolerate in a Christian and civitution, and the brevity required by the pre- lized country.” sent mode of address precludes the painful Numerous certificates have been received niecessity of a recapitulation of all the injuri- from a long list of respectable housekeepers, ous and fatal consequences of a system which testifying their satisfactory experience of the it is the ardent wish of the society altogether efficacy of the machine, upon the regular to abolish, and which would not, for another application of it, and their determination to day, be tolerated by a British public, could continue the use of it. it only be induced to take the pains of ascertaining the facts alluded to. The committee

MECHANICAL CHIMNEY SWEEPING. have conceived it right, however, to subjoin a few of the many cases of cruelty and death At a meeling held at the Mansion House which have come to their knowledge, and on Wednesday, the 12th day of June, called which, be it always remembered, are inflicted at the request of the “ Society for supersedon the tender and yet unformed limbs of in- ing the Necessity of Climbing Boys," for fants,

the purpose of promoting the general use of • The society cannot but take this opportu- machines to cleanse chimneys, instead of nity of expressing their gratitude to the Right employing children to climb them : Honourable the Lord Mayor, for his humane The Right Hon, the Lord Mayor in the acquiescence in the wishes of the society for Chair : a meeting, and for the official publicity given Having taken into consideration a deby him, by way of caution to chimneysweep- tailed statement of the proceedings of the sotrs, of the penalties to which they are liable ciety and its committee, from the first period by the existing act; particularly as to cm- of its institution, in February, 1803, to this ploying children under eight years of age, in time : climbing chimneys, an offence of which most On the motion of Mr. W. Tooke, the of the trade are, or have been, guilty ; it treasurer of the society, seconded by Sir Fran having appeared, on several occasions, that cis Burdett, Bart. M.P. boys from four to six and eight years of age,

1. Resolved : That this meeting being have been stolen or purchased for the pur- fully persuaded of the inhumanity of the pose. This dreadful evil has been in some practice of cleaning chimneys by the means degree already corrected by the means above of climbing boys, and that mechanical stated, particularly by the machine, which, means may in every instance be substituted, in very difficult flues, is resorted to by chim- are of opinion that the former practice should rey sweepers themselves, as appears in the be discontinued. alteration of some of their advertisements, On the motion of the Hon. P. Drummond from "SMALL Boys for narrow Alues," tó Burrell, M. P. seconded by Hawes, esq. "narrow flues swept by the machine.” 2. Resolved : That this meeting do most Thus, though the society have not hitherto cordially concur in the wishes of the society Fry, esq.

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Sketches of a Pedestrian in the Isle of Wight. [Aug. 1 for promoting the universal use of mechani- Thos. Edmonds, Cane-place, Kentish Town. cal means for sweeping chimneys, and will R. Jolinston, Laystall-street, Gray's Inn-lane. adopt every means in their power to induce J. Snow, Half Moon-allev, Bishopsgate-street. housekeepers in general to discontinue the C. Collin, Homerton, Hackney. employment of climbing boys, and, when J. Powell, Phillibrooke, Leyton. necessary, personally to superintend the ap- Subscriptions for the society are received plication of the machines.

by Sir Peter Pole, bart. and Co. BartholoOn the motion of W. Williams, esq. se- mew-lane ; Messrs. Henry Hoare and Co. conded by John White, esq.

Fleet-street; W. Tooke, esq. Treasurer, 3. Resolved : To recommend to the so- No. 3, Holborn-court, Gray's Inn; and by ciety and its committee to take immediate the members of the committee. measures for establishing a sufficient number of persons in various districts of the town, who will undertake to sweep chimneys with SKETCHES OF A PEDESTRIAN IN machines, and to issue advertisements and

THE ISLE OF WIGHT. cards thereof for the information of the pub- THE lovely weather that added unlic.

usual charms to the recent autumn inOn the motion of the Hon. H. G. Bennett, duced me to determine on a pedestrian M. P. scconded by

ramble in the Isle of Wight. I have ever 4. Resolved: That it be in the mean considered that a great portion of the time recommended to housekeepers in gene- pleasure arising from an excursion of ral, requiring their chimneys to be swept, to ibis nature consists in finding a compaaddress a line to the secretary, who will pion of sinilar taste and inclination. I thereupon give immediate directions for the

was fortunate in this respect; and we attendance of a careful person with a ma.

soon arranged the plan of our little chine. On the motion of Thomas Rowcroft, esq.

journey. Portsmouth presented, in our seconded by Smith, esq.

apprehension, the most pleasing ap5. Resolved : That it appears to this meet- proach; and from thence we resolved to ing that the chimney sweeping machine in. attain the promised land. vented by Mr. Smart is a most complete and

When a man is determined on pereefficacious remedy for fires in chimneys, and grination, nothing is so desirable as a that it cannot be too strongly recommended prompt execution of his wishes. After to housekeepers immediately to apply it in an hour spent in the pleasant bustle of the event of such an accident.

preparation, we had the satisfaction to On the motion of Sheriff Sir Thomas Bell, be informed that the Ryde packet was seconded by Majer Cartwright:

ready to sail. We were soon seated in 6. Resolved : That it would be highly ex- this accommodating vessel, and had leipedient that machines should, in the discre

sure to survey the objects around us. tion of the committee, be deposited in va

Although in search of tranquil scenes rious accessible situations in each parish, to

and natural beauties, it was impossible be in readiness tor being applied when re

to view without interest, the grand and quired for any chimney on fire. On the morion of Dr. Lushington, se

imposing spectacle of the surrounding

harbour. On one side the immense conded by Bevan, esq.

7. Resolved : That it is expedient to apply dock-yard rears its lofty iowers, and to Parlianent for such legislative enactment spreads its innssy buildings to the eye; for prohibiting the use of climbing boys, and on the other, Gosport presents its crowded

streets and busy mai kets; while numepromoting ih, machine as may be deemed most expedient; and that the Hon. Drum- rous forts bespeak the defensive attitude mond Burrell, the Hon. Henry Grey Ben- of the encircling coast. Beyond the nett, Sir Francis Burdett, bart, and Mr. Wil Platform, the habitable sp.ce is extended berforce be requested to undertake the same. to Sou : Sea Common; while a new

On the motion of the Rev. Dr. Styles, se- town appears to emulare in buildings conded by the Hon. Washing on Shirley: the ancient site of Portsmouch.

In the 8. Resolved: That the cordial thanks of harbour, innumerable diasts and manythis meeting are respecttully presented to the tongued murmurs issuing from busy Lord Mayor, for the promp! and humane

swarns, bespeak irs naval importance; attention which he has paid to the object for

while the neighbouring see is spread which it has been convened, and for liis able

with warithe canvas. Port-down Hill, and impartial conduct in the chair.

which terminaies the inland Streich, Signed by order,

with its i propriate monument to the WM. JONES, Secretary, No. 6, Chapel-street, Pentonville. naval hero of Bria:li, l1.e tar-famed Nel

son; forms an adınırable back ground 10 The following persins, who use the ma- this panoramic view. Truly, said we, chine are recommended to the public: England is a great nation!

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