very superior taste. Towards evening I have heard lowing passage as a specimen of their metaphorical Where shall I seek the chair of peace? one begin softly, reserving its breath to swell certain manner: " notes, which, by this means, had a most astonishing Where shall I find it but upon our path? and whither effect. A gentleman in London had one of these birds doth our path lead us but unto this house?"

And distant isles that hear the loud Corbrechtan roar.

Note 6, page 14, col. 1.

Our wampum league thy brethren did embrace. "When they solicit the alliance, offensive or de

for six years. During the space of a minute he was heard to imitate the wood-lark, chaffinch, blackbird, thrush, and sparrow. In this country (America) I have frequently known the mocking-birds so engaged in this mimicry, that it was with much difficulty I could fensive, of a whole nation, they send an embassy with ever obtain an opportunity of hearing their own nat- a large belt of wampum and a bloody hatchet, invitural note. Some go so far as to say, that they have ing them to come and drink the blood of their eneneither peculiar notes, nor favorite imitations. This mies. The wampum made use of on these and other may be denied. Their few natural notes resemble occasions, before their acquaintance with the Eurothose of the (European) nightingale. Their song, how-peans, was nothing but small shells which they ever, has a greater compass and volume than the picked up by the sea-coasts, and on the banks of the nightingale, and they have the faculty of varying all lakes; and now it is nothing but a kind of cylindriintermediate notes in a manner which is truly de- cal beads, made of shells, white and black, which lightful.”—ASHE's Travels in America, vol. ii, p. 73. are esteemed among them as silver and gold are among us. The black they call the most valuable, and Note 2, page 13, col. 1. both together are their greatest riches and ornaments; these among them answering all the end that money The Corybrechtan, or Corbrechtan, is a whirlpool does amongst us. They have the art of stringing, on the western coast of Scotland, near the Island of twisting, and interweaving them into their belts, colJura, which is heard at a prodigious distance. Its lars, blankets, and moccasons, etc. in ten thousand name signifies the whirlpool of the Prince of Den- different sizes, forms, and figures, so as to be ornamark; and there is a tradition that a Danish princements for every part of dress, and expressive to them once undertook, for a wager, to cast anchor in it. He of all their important transactions. They dye the wamsaid to have used woollen instead of hempen ropes, pum of various colors and shades, and mix and disfor greater strength, but perished in the attempt. On pose them with great ingenuity and order, and so as the shores of Argyleshire, I have often listened with to be significant among themselves of almost everygreat delight to the sound of this vortex, at the dis- thing they please; so that by these their words are tance of many leagues. When the weather is calm, kept, and their thoughts communicated to one another, and the adjacent sea scarcely heard on these pictur- as ours are by writing. The belts that pass from one esque shores, its sound, which is like the sound of nation to another in all treaties, declarations, and immanumerable chariots, creates a magnificent and fine portant transactions, are very carefully preserved in the cabins of their chiefs, and serve not only as a effect. kind of record or history, but as a public treasure."— Major ROGERS's Account of North America.

Note 3, page 13, col. 2.

Of busk in'd limb, and swarthy lineament.

Note 7, page 14, col. 1.

As when the evil Manitou.

In the Indian tribes there is a great similarity in their color, stature, etc. They are all, except the Snake Indians, tall in stature, straight, and robust. It is very "It is certain the Indians acknowledge one Suseldom they are deformed, which has given rise to preme Being, or Giver of Life, who presides over all the supposition that they put to death their deformed things; that is, the Great Spirit; and they look up to children. Their skin is of a copper color; their eyes him as the source of good, from whence no evil can large, bright, black, and sparkling, indicative of a proceed. They also believe in a bad Spirit, to whom aubule and discerning mind: their hair is of the same they ascribe great power; and suppose that through color, and prone to be long, seldom or never curled his power all the evils which befall mankind are Their teeth are large and white; I never observed inflicted. To him, therefore, they pray in their disany decayed among them, which makes their breath tresses, begging that he would either avert their trouas sweet as the air they inhale."-Travels through bles, or moderate them when they are no longer America, by Capts. LEWIS and CLARKE, in 1804-5-6. avoidable.

Note 4, page 14, col. 1.

66

They hold also that there are good Spirits of a lower degree, who have their particular departments, Peace be to thee my words this belt approve. in which they are constantly contributing to the hap"The Indians of North America accompany every piness of mortals. These they suppose to preside over formal address to strangers, with whom they form or all the extraordinary productions of Nature, such as recognize a treaty of amity, with a present of a string, those lakes, rivers, and mountains that are of an unor belt, of wampum. Wampum (says Cadwallader common magnitude; and likewise the beasts, birds, Colden, is made of the large whelk shell, Buccinum, fishes, and even vegetables or stones, that exceed and shaped like long beads: it is the current money the rest of their species in size or singularity."of the Indians."-History of the five Indian Nations, CLARKE'S Travels among the Indians. 34, New-York edition.

Note 5, page 14, col. 1.

The paths of peace my steps have hither led. In relating an interview of Mohawk Indians with the Governor of New-York, Colden quotes the fol

The Supreme Spirit of good is called by the Indians
Kitchi Manitou; and the Spirit of evil Matchi Manitou.

Note 8, page 14, col. 1.
Fever-balm and sweet sagamité.

The fever-balm is a medicine used by these tribes,

it is a decoction of a bush called the Fever Tree. Sagamité is a kind of soup administered to their sick. Note 9, page 14, col. 1.

tribe."

And I, the eagle of my tribe, have rush'd
With this lorn dove.

Note 10, page 14, col. 2.

and hollowed out; the stem is of cane, alder, or some
kind of light wood, painted with different colors, and
decorated with the heads, tails, and feathers of the
most beautiful birds. The use of the calumet is to
smoke either tobacco or some bark, leaf, or herb, which
they often use instead of it, when they enter into an
alliance or any serious occasion or solemn engage-
ments; this being among them the most sacred oath
that can be taken, the violation of which is esteemed
most infamous, and deserving of severe punishment
from Heaven.
When they treat of war, the whole

The testimony of all travellers among the American Indians who mention their hieroglyphics, authorizes me in putting this figurative language in the mouth of Outalissi. The dove is among them, as elsewhere, an emblem of meekness; and the eagle, that of a bold, noble, and liberal mind. When the Indian speaks of a warrior who soars above the mul-pipe and all its ornaments are red: sometimes it is red titude in person and endowments, they say, "he is only on one side, and by the disposition of the feathlike the eagle, who destroys his enemies, and gives at first sight what the nation who presents it intends ers, etc. one acquainted with their customs will know protection and abundance to the weak of his own or desires. Smoking the calumet is also a religious ceremony on some occasions, and in all treaties is considered as a witness between the parties, or rather Far differently, the mute Oneyda took, etc. as an instrument by which they invoke the sun and "They are extremely circumspect and deliberate moon to witness their sincerity, and to be as it were in every word and action; nothing hurries them into a guarantee of the treaty between them. This custom any intemperate wrath, but that inveteracy to their of the Indians, though to appearance somewhat ridicuenemies which is rooted in every Indian's breast. lous, is not without its reasons; for as they find that In all other instances they are cool and deliberate, smoking tends to disperse the vapors of the brain, to taking care to suppress the emotion of the heart. If raise the spirits, and to qualify them for thinking and an Indian has discovered that a friend of his is in judging properly, they introduce it into their councils, danger of being cut off by a lurking enemy, he does where, after their resolves, the pipe was considered not tell him of his danger in direct terms, as though as a seal of their decrees, and as a pledge of their he were in fear, but he first coolly asks him which performance thereof, it was sent to those they were way he is going that day, and having his answer, consulting, in alliance or treaty with ;-so that smokwith the same indifference tells him that he has been ing among them at the same pipe, is equivalent to informed that a noxious beast lies on the route he is our drinking together, and out of the same cup."going. This hint proves sufficient, and his friend Major ROGERS's Account of North America, 1766. avoids the danger with as much caution as though "The lighted calumet is also used among them for every design and motion of his enemy had been purpose still more interesting than the expression of pointed out to him. social friendship. The austere manners of the Indians “If an Indian has been engaged for several days in forbid any appearance of gallantry between the sexes the chase, and by accident continued long without in day-time; but at night the young lover goes a food, when he arrives at the hut of a friend, where calumeting, as his courtship is called. As these peohe knows that his wants will be immediately supple live in a state of equality, and without fear of plied, he takes care not to show the least symptoms internal violence or theft in their own tribes, they of impatience, or betray the extreme hunger that he leave their doors open by night as well as by day. is tortured with; but, on being invited in, sits con- The lover takes advantage of this liberty, lights his tentedly down and smokes his pipe with as much composure as if his appetite was cloyed, and he was perfectly at ease. He does the same if among strangers. This custom is strictly adhered to by every tribe, as they esteem it a proof of fortitude, and think the reverse would entitle them to the appellation of old women.

a

calumet, enters the cabin of his mistress, and gently presents it to her. If she extinguishes it, she admits his addresses; but if she suffer it to burn unnoticed, he retires with a disappointed and throbbing heart."

-ASIE's Travels.

Note 12, page 14, col. 2.

"If you tell an Indian that his children have Train'd from his tree-rock'd cradle to his bier. greatly signalized themselves against an enemy, have "An Indian child, as soon as he is born, is swathed taken many scalps, and brought home many prison- with clothes, or skins; and being laid on his back, is ers, he does not appear to feel any strong emotions bound down on a piece of thick board, and spread of pleasure on the occasion; his answer generally is, over with soft moss. The board is somewhat larger they have done well,'-and he makes but very and broader than the child, and bent pieces of wood, little inquiry about the matter; on the contrary, if like pieces of hoops, are placed over its face to proyou inform him that his children are slain or taken tect it, so that if the machine were suffered to fall, prisoners, he makes no complaints: he only replies, It is unfortunate:'-and for some time asks no questions about how it happened."-LEWIS and CLARKE's Travels.

Note 11, page 14, col. 2.
His calumet of peace, etc.

"Nor is the calumet of less importance or less revered than the wampum in many transactions relative both to peace and war. The bowl of this pipe is made of a kind of soft red stone, which is easily wrought

the child probably would not be injured. When the women have any business to transact at home, they hang the board on a tree, if there be one at hand. and set them swinging from side to side, like a pendulum, in order to exercise the children."-WELD, vol. ii, p. 246.

Note 13, page 14, col. 2.

The fierce extremes of good and ill to brook
Impassive.

Of the active as well as passive fortitude of the Indian

he had killed seven of his enemies and was taken by them for the fiery torture. He digged them up, burnt their bodies to ashes, and went home in safety with singular triumph. Other pursuing enemies came, on the evening of the second day, to the camp of their dead people, when the sight gave them a greater shock than they had ever known before. In their chilled war-council they concluded, that as he had done such surprising things in his defence before he was captured, and since that in his naked condition, and now was well armed, if they continued the pursuit he would spoil them all, for he surely was an enemy wizard,-and therefore they returned home."— ADAIR'S General Observations on the American Indians, p. 394.

"It is surprising," says the same author, "to see the long continued speed of the Indians. Though some of us have often run the swiftest of them out of sight for about the distance of twelve miles, yet afterwards, without any seeming toil, they would stretch on, leave us out of sight, and outwind any horse."-Ibid. p. 318.

character, the following is an instance related by sweet revenge by cutting them off. Resolution, a conAdair in his Travels:venient spot, and sudden surprise, would effect the "A party of the Senekah Indians came to war main object of all his wishes and hopes. He accordagainst the Katahba, bitter enemies to each other.-ingly creeped, took one of their tomahawks, and killed In the woods the former discovered a sprightly warrior them all on the spot,-clothed himself, took a choice belonging to the latter, hunting in their usual light gun, and as much ammunition and provisions as he dress: on his perceiving them, he sprung off for a could well carry in a running march. He set off hollow rock four or five miles distant, as they inter-afresh with a light heart, and did not sleep for several cepted him from running homeward. He was so ex-successive nights, only when he reclined, as usual, a tremely swift and skilful with the gun, as to kill seven little before day, with his back to a tree. As it were of them in the running fight before they were able to by instinct, when he found he was free from the pursurround and take him. They carried him to their suing enemy, he made directly to the very place where country in sad triumph; but though he had filled them with uncommon grief and shame for the loss of so many of their kindred, yet the love of martial virtue induced them to treat him, during their long journey, with a great deal more civility than if he had acted the part of a coward. The women and children, when they met him at their several towns, beat him and whipped him in as severe a manner as the occasion required, according to their law of justice, and at last he was formally condemned to die by the fiery torture. It might reasonably be imagined that what he had for some time gone through, by being fed with a scanty hand, a tedious march, lying at night on the bare ground, exposed to the changes of the weather with his arms and legs extended in a pair of rough stocks, and suffering such punishment on his entering. into their hostile towns, as a prelude to those sharp torments for which he was destined, would have so impaired his health and affected his imagination, as to have sent him to his long sleep, out of the way of any more sufferings.-Probably this would have been the case with the major part of white people under similar circumstances; but I never knew this with any of the Indians and this cool-headed, brave warrior, did not deviate from their rough lessons of martial virtue, but acted his part so well as to surprise and sorely vex has numerous enemies:-for when they were taking him, unpinioned, in their wild parade, to the place of torture, which lay near to a river, he suddenly dashed down those who stood in his way, sprung off, and plunged into the water, swimming underneath like an otter, only rising to take breath, till he reached the opposite shore. He now ascended the steep bank, but though he had good reason to be in a hurry, as many of the enemy were in the water, and others running, very like blood-hounds, in pursuit of him, and the Sleep, wearied one! and in the dreaming land bullets flying around him from the time he took to the Shouldst thou to-morrow with thy mother meet. river, yet his heart did not allow him to leave them "There is nothing (says Charlevoix), in which these abruptly, without taking leave in a formal manner, barbarians carry their superstitions farther, than in in return for the extraordinary favors they had done, what regards dreams; but they vary greatly in their and intended to do, him. After slapping a part of his manner of explaining themselves on this point. Somebody, in defiance to them (continues the author), he times it is the reasonable soul which ranges abroad, put up the shrill war-whoop, as his last salute, till while the sensitive continues to animate the body. wore more convenient opportunity offered, and darted Sometimes it is the familiar genius who gives salutary off in the manner of a beast broke loose from its tor- counsel with respect to what is going to happen. uring enemies. He continued his speed, so as to run Sometimes it is a visit made by the soul of the object by about midnight of the same day as far as his eager of which he dreams. But in whatever manner the parsers were two days in reaching. There he rested dream is conceived, it is always looked upon as a til he happily discovered five of those Indians who thing sacred, and as the most ordinary way in which had pursued him:-he lay a little way off their camp, the gods make known their will to men. Filled with all they were sound asleep. Every circumstance of this idea, they cannot conceive how we should pay bus situation occurred to him, and inspired him with no regard to them. For the most part they look upon heroism. He was naked, torn, and hungry, and his them either as a desire of the soul, inspired by some enraged enemies were come up with him;-but there genius, or an order from him, and in consequence of was now everything to relieve his wants, and a fair this principle they hold it a religious duty to obey opportunity to save his life, and get great honor and them. An Indian having dreamt of having a finger

"If an Indian were driven out into the extensive woods, with only a knife and a tomahawk, or a small hatchet, it is not to be doubted but he would fatten even where a wolf would starve. He would soon collect fire by rubbing two dry pieces of wood together, make a bark hut, earthen vessels, and a bow and arrows; then kill wild game, fish fresh-water tortoises, gather a plentiful variety of vegetables, and live in affluence."-Ibid. p. 410.

Note 14, page 14, col. 2.
Moccasons is a sort of Indian buskins.

Note 15, page 14, col. 2.

cut off, had it really cut off as soon as he awoke, lifted up, he spins or twirls round on the surface of the having first prepared himself for this important action water. He acts his part like an Indian chief, when by a feast. Another having dreamt of being a prison-rehearsing his feats of war."-BERTRAM's Travels in er, and in the hands of his enemies, was much at a North America. loss what to do. He consulted the jugglers, and by their advice caused himself to be tied to a post, and burnt in several parts of the body."-CHARLEVOIX, Journal of a Voyage to North America.

Note 16, page 15, col. 1.

Note 17, page 15, col. 1.

They can recapitulate every particular that has been treated of in council, and remember the exact time when they were held. Their belts of wampum preserve the substance of the treaties they have concluded with the neighboring tribes for ages back, to which they will appeal and refer with as much perspicuity and readiness as Europeans can to their written records.

Then forth uprose that lone wayfaring man. "They discover an amazing sagacity, and acquire, with the greatest readiness, anything that depends upon the attention of the mind. By experience, and The crocodile, the condor of the rockan acute observation, they attain many perfections "The alligator, or American crocodile, when full- to which Americans are strangers. For instance, grown (says Bertram) is a very large and terrible they will cross a forest, or a plain, which is two creature, and of prodigious strength, activity, and hundred miles in breadth, so as to reach, with great swiftness in the water. I have seen them twenty exactness, the point at which they intend to arrive, feet in length, and some are supposed to be twenty- keeping, during the whole of that space, in a direct two or twenty-three feet in length. Their body is as line, without any material deviations; and this they large as that of a horse, their shape usually resembles will do with the same ease, let the weather be fair that of a lizard, which is flat, or cuneiform, being or cloudy. With equal acuteness they will point to compressed on each side, and gradually diminishing that part of the heavens the sun is in, though it be from the abdomen to the extremity, which, with the intercepted by clouds or fogs. Besides this, they are whole body, is covered with horny plates, of squamæ, able to pursue, with incredible facility, the traces of impenetrable when on the body of the live animal, man or beast, either on leaves or grass; and on this even to a rifle-ball, except about their head, and just account it is with great difficulty they escape disbehind their fore-legs or arms, where, it is said, they covery. They are indebted for these talents not only are only vulnerable. The head of a full-grown one to nature, but to an extraordinary command of the is about three feet, and the mouth opens nearly the intellectual qualities, which can only be acquired by same length. Their eyes are small in proportion, and an unremitted attention, and by long experience. They seem sunk in the head, by means of the prominency are, in general, very happy in a retentive memory. of the brows; the nostrils are large, inflated, and prominent on the top, so that the head on the water resembles, at a distance, a great chunk of wood floating about: only the upper jaw moves, which they raise almost perpendicular, so as to form a right angle with the lower one. In the fore-part of the upper jaw, on each side, just under the nostrils, are two very large, thick, strong teeth, or tusks, not very sharp, but rather the shape of a cone: these are as white as the finest polished ivory, and are not covered by any skin or lips, but always in sight, which gives the creature a frightful appearance; in the lower jaw are holes opposite to these teeth to receive them; when they clap their jaws together, it causes a surprising noise, like that which is made by forcing a heavy plank with violence upon "Their sole knowledge in astronomy consists in the ground, and may be heard at a great distance.-being able to point out the polar star, by which they But what is yet more surprising to a stranger, is the regulate their course when they travel in the night. incredibly loud and terrifying roar which they are "They reckon the distance of places not by miles capable of making, especially in breeding-time. It or leagues, but by a day's journey, which, according most resembles very heavy distant thunder, not only to the best calculation I could make, appears to be shaking the air and waters, but causing the earth to about twenty English miles. These they also divide tremble; and when hundreds are roaring at the same into halves and quarters, and will demonstrate them time, you can scarcely be persuaded but that the whole in their maps with great exactness by the hieroglobe is violently and dangerously agitated. An old glyphics just mentioned, when they regulate in council champion, who is, perhaps, absolute sovereign of a their war-parties, or their most distant hunting exlittle lake or lagoon (when fifty less than himself are cursions."-LEWIS and CLARKE's Travels. obliged to content themselves with swelling and roar- "Some of the French missionaries have supposed ing in little coves round about), darts forth from the that the Indians are guided by instinct, and have prereedy coverts, all at once, on the surface of the waters tended that Indian children can find their way through in a right line, at first seemingly as rapid as lightning, a forest as easily as a person of maturer years; but but gradually more slowly, until he arrives at the centre this is a most absurd notion. It is unquestionably by of the lake, where he stops. He now swells himself a close attention to the growth of the trees and postby drawing in wind and water through his mouth, tion of the sun, that they find their way. On the which causes a loud sonorous rattling in the throat northern side of a tree there is generally the most for near a minute; but it is immediately forced out moss; and the bark on that side, in general, differs from again through his mouth and nostrils with a loud noise, that on the opposite one. The branches towards the brandishing his tail in the air, and the vapor running south are, for the most part, more luxuriant than those from his nostrils like smoke. At other times, when on the other sides of trees, and several other distinc swoln to an extent ready to burst, his head and tail tions also subsist between the northern and southern

"The Indians are totally unskilled in geography, as well as all the other sciences, and yet they draw on their birch-bark very exact charts or maps of the countries they are acquainted with. The latitude and longitude only are wanting to make them tolerably complete.

side, conspicuous to Indians, being taught from their grave was situated, had been inhabited by Indians, infancy to attend to them, which a common observer and these Indian travellers, who were to visit it by would, perhaps, never notice. Being accustomed themselves, had unquestionably never been in that from their infancy likewise to pay great attention to part of the country before: they must have found the position of the sun, they learn to make the most their way to it simply from the description of its situaccurate allowance for its apparent motion from one ation, that had been handed down to them by tradipart of the heavens to another; and in every part of tion."-WELD's Travels in North America, vol. ii. the day they will point to the part of the heavens where it is, although the sky be obscured by clouds

or mists.

Note 18, page 18, col. 2.

The Mammoth comes.

"An instance of their dexterity in finding their way That I am justified in making the Indian chief through an unknown country came under my obser- allude to the mammoth as an emblem of terror and vation when I was at Staunton, situated behind the destruction, will be seen by the authority quoted beBlue Mountains, Virginia. A number of the Creek low. Speaking of the mammoth, or big buffalo, Mr. nation had arrived at that town on their way to Jefferson states, that a tradition is preserved among Philadelphia, whither they were going upon some the Indians of that animal still existing in the northern affairs of importance, and had stopped there for the parts of America. night. In the morning, some circumstance or another, "A delegation of warriors from the Delaware tribe which could not be learned, induced one half of the having visited the governor of Virginia during the Indians to set off without their companions, who did revolution, on matters of business, the governor asked not follow until some hours afterwards. When these them some questions relative to their country, and last were ready to pursue their journey, several of among others, what they knew or had heard of the the towns-people mounted their horses to escort them animal whose bones were found at the Salt-licks, on part of the way. They proceeded along the high the Ohio. Their chief speaker immediately put himroad for some miles, but, all at once, hastily turning self into an attitude of oratory, and with a pomp side into the woods, though there was no path, the suited to what he conceived the elevation of his subIndians advanced confidently forward. The people ject, informed him, that it was a tradition handed who accompanied them, surprised at this movement, down from their fathers, that in ancient times a herd informed them that they were quitting the road to of these tremendous animals came to the Bick-bone Philadelphia, and expressed their fear lest they should licks, and began an universal destruction of the bear, miss their companions who had gone on before. They deer, elk, buffalo, and other animals which had been answered that they knew better, that the way through created for the use of the Indians. That the Great the woods was the shortest to Philadelphia, and that Man above, looking down and seeing this, was so enthey knew very well that their companions had en- raged, that he seized his lightning, descended on the tered the wood at the very place where they did. earth, seated himself on a neighboring mountain on Curiosity led some of the horsemen to go on; and to a rock, of which his seat and the prints of his feet their astonishment, for there was apparently no track, are still to be seen, and hurled his bolts among them, they overtook the other Indians in the thickest till the whole were slaughtered, except the big bull, part of the wood. But what appeared most singular who, presenting his forehead to the shafts, shook them was, that the route which they took was found, on off as they fell, but missing one at length, it wounded examining a map, to be as direct for Philadelphia as him in the side, whereupon, springing round, he if they had taken the bearings by a mariner's com- bounded over the Ohio, over the Wabash, the Illinois, pass. From others of their nation, who had been at and finally over the great lakes, where he is living Philadelphia at a former period, they had probably at this day."-JEFFERSON's Notes on Virginia. learned the exact direction of that city from their villages, and had never lost sight of it, although they had already travelled three hundred miles through the woods, and had upwards of four hundred miles more to go before they could reach the place of their I took the character of Brandt in the poem of Gerdestination. Of the exactness with which they can trude from the common histories of England, all of find out a strange place to which they have been once which represented him as a bloody and bad man directed by their own people, a striking example is (even among savages), and chief agent in the horrible furnished, I think, by Mr. Jefferson, in his account of desolation of Wyoming. Some years after this poem the Indian graves in Virginia. These graves are appeared, the son of Brandt, a most interesting and nothing more than large mounds of earth in the intelligent youth, came over to England; and I formwoods, which, on being opened, are found to contain ed an acquaintance with him, on which I still look skeletons in an erect posture: the Indian mode of back with pleasure. He appealed to my sense of sepulture has been too often described to remain un- honor and justice, on his own part and on that of his known to you. But to come to my story. A party of sister, to retract the unfair aspersion which, unconIndians that were passing on to some of the sea-ports scious of its unfairness, I had cast on his father's on the Atlantic, just as the Creeks, above mentioned, memory.

Note 19, page 18, col. 2.

Scorning to wield the hatchet for his bribe,
'Gainst Brandt himself I went to battle forth.

were going to Philadelphia, were observed, all on a He then referred me to documents which comsudden, to quit the straight road by which they were pletely satisfied me that the common accounts of proceeding, and, without asking any questions, to Brandt's cruelties at Wyoming, which I had found strike through the woods, in a direct line, to one of in books of Travels and in Adolphus's and similar histhese graves, which lay at the distance of some miles tories of England, were gross errors, and that in point from the road. Now very near a century must have of fact Brandt was not even present at that scene of passed over since the part of Virginia, in which this desolation.