William Stanley Jevons and the Making of Modern EconomicsCambridge University Press, 2005/04/04 - 330 ページ The Victorian polymath William Stanley Jevons (1835-82) is generally and rightly venerated as one of the great innovators of economic theory and method in what came to be known as the 'marginalist revolution'. This book is an investigation into the cultural and intellectual resources that Jevons drew upon to revolutionize research methods in economics. Jevons's uniform approach to the sciences was based on a firm belief in the mechanical constitution of the universe and a firm conviction that all scientific knowledge was limited and therefore hypothetical in character. Jevons's mechanical beliefs found their way into his early meteorological studies, his formal logic, and his economic pursuits. By using mechanical analogies as instruments of discovery, Jevons was able to bridge the divide between theory and statistics that had become more or less institutionalized in mid nineteenth-century Britain. |
目次
The Prying Eyes of the Natural Scientist | 1 |
Jevons place in the history of economics | 3 |
The distinction between mind and matter in Victorian Britain | 9 |
Mechanical reasoning | 13 |
Mixed mathematics is Victorian Britain | 18 |
Formal logic and the mechanics of utility and selfinterest | 22 |
Outline of the book | 24 |
William Stanley Jevons Victorian Polymath | 26 |
The association psychology and freedom of will | 155 |
A vexed question in psychology | 159 |
Thought a secretion of the brain | 162 |
Carpenters correlation of forces | 164 |
The physical groundwork of economics | 169 |
Free will is simply chance | 173 |
The private laboratory of the mind | 176 |
The Laws of Human Enjoyment | 181 |
The Black Arts of Induction | 37 |
shielding political economy from history | 41 |
Cambridge opposition to Ricardianism | 44 |
Richard Jones on Ricardian theory | 46 |
Whewell and Jones on the Method of Political Economy | 50 |
This poor word metaphysics | 51 |
Saving the phenomena | 54 |
Political economy as an inductive science | 59 |
Section F of the BAAS and the Statistical Society of London | 64 |
Coda | 70 |
Mimetic Experiments | 72 |
Naming the clouds | 74 |
Mimicking nature | 77 |
Jevonss experiments on the formation of clouds | 80 |
Artificial clouds real clouds and clouds on an average | 88 |
Jevonss uniform approach to the sciences | 94 |
Engines of Discovery | 96 |
Babbage and his calculating engines | 98 |
God is a programmer | 105 |
An intelligent machine | 108 |
Is the mind a reasoning machine? | 111 |
The Machinery of the Mind | 123 |
The Logical Abacus | 124 |
The Logical Machine | 128 |
The machine mind | 137 |
Induction the inverse of deduction | 141 |
To decide what are similar | 146 |
The Private Laboratory of the Mind | 151 |
Jevons between Jones and Mill | 153 |
The factory system and the division of labour | 184 |
Ruskins aestheticdriven criticism of the factory system | 189 |
Mill and the gospel of work | 194 |
Work and fatigue | 196 |
Jevonss experiments on the exertion of muscular force | 200 |
Maximising utility While minimising painful exertion | 205 |
Amusements of the people | 209 |
Of Kings Treasuries | 213 |
Timing History | 217 |
Timing history | 220 |
Mapping history in graphs | 224 |
Images of laws of the phenomena | 230 |
Data phenomena and the graphical method | 233 |
Jevonss expression for the King Davenant law | 237 |
Jevonss standardising and timing of events | 243 |
Timeseries graphs take hold in economics | 248 |
Logical and historical time | 250 |
Balancing Acts | 254 |
The balance as a tool of analysis | 257 |
The balance as a measuring instrument | 261 |
a serious fall in the value of gold ascertained | 264 |
Balancing pleasure and pain | 270 |
Conclusions | 276 |
The Image of Economics | 278 |
Mechanical dreams | 280 |
Economics as a natural science | 285 |
Bibliography | 291 |
319 | |
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